• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the method of using coraco-clavicular (C-C) sling with modified Phemister operation by postoperative clinical results, radiologic analysis and complications. Materials and Methods: 33 patients of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated with simple C-C sling method and twenty patients were treated with modified Phemister operation. The assesment of clinical and radiological evaluation were performed and the final results were examined by using the Weitzman's classification. Results: In the final result of C-C sling method group, forward elevation $161^{\circ}$, external rotation $70^{\circ}$, internal rotation T8 level, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 83.3 points were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, forward elevation $155^{\circ}$, external rotation $67^{\circ}$, internal rotation T6 level, VAS 83.8 points were checked. In coracoclavicular distance of C-C sling method group, pre-operation 12.82 mm and last follow up 8.37 mm were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, pre-operation 12.8 mm and last follow up 7.7 mm were checked. In functional evaluation by the Weitzman criteria, C-C sling group had excellent 8, good 1, fair 1 and modified Phemister group had excellent 13, good 4, fair 3. Conclusion: C-C sling method would be the better than the Modified Phemister operation because of short operation time and smaller skin incision.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.10-22
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• 2022

According to the Space Development Promotion Basic Plan, more than 110 satellites are expected to be deployed by 2031. Accordingly, the operation concept and technology for satellites constellation are required, compared to the existing few multi-satellite operations. It is essential to automate and optimize the mission operation system, for efficient operation of the satellite constellation, and preparations are urgently needed for the operation of satellite constellation in domestic as well. In this study, the development direction and strategy of the mission operation system applying automation and optimization for efficient operation of the satellite constellation are proposed. The framework for evaluating the automation level and priority of the mission operation system was developed, to identify the tasks to which automation should be applied preferentially.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.160-167
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• 2011

An Analysis on the Pre-Feasibility Evaluation Factors of Activation for Welfare Facilities for the Residents in Apartment Building. The adapted research method of selected case five apartment building in D new town and carried out questionnaire survey to residents and user for draw items of feasibility evaluation. Drew items of feasibility evaluation classify as Plan section, Design section, and Operation section and evaluate the weight of each section utilizing analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Depending on the purpose and methods. The results of this study are as follows: Such as Plan section, Composition of Program Facility, User Charge Survey, Arrangement of Program Room were analyzed highest. Such as Design section, Arrangement of Program Room, Circulation planning, Educational Equipment were analyzed highest. And such as Operation section, Operation costs, Operation Plan, Review of Program Facility were analyzed highest.

• Water for future
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 1992

Selection of the best operation rule among a set of alternatives for a multipurpose reservoir system operation requires to evaluate many minor criteria I n addition to the major objectives assessed to the system, These problems are sufficiently complex and difficult that they are beyond heuristic decision rules and experiences in case several noncommensurable multiple criteria are included in the evaluation. With the assistance of multicriterion decision analysis techniques, it is possible to select the best one among various alternatives by systematically comparing and ranking the alternatives with respect to the criteria of choice. Evaluation criteria for multipurpose reservoir system operating rules were identified and defined, and the multicriterion decision analysis techniques were applied to evaluate the fore developed operating rules of the existing Chungju multipurpose project according to the identified nine multiple criteria. The application result shows that the methodology is very efficient to select the best operation alternative among a finite number of operating rules with many evaluation criteria for a large scale reservoir system operation.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.19 no.1 s.29
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• pp.30-42
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• 2006

The Ministry of Environment supports environmental education mainly in two ways ; one is by supporting schools engaged in environment conservation model school and the other is by extending grants for experiential environmental education programs. This research aims to evaluate the current status of grant for experiential environmental education programs while proposing possible improvement for constructive and continuing development of the support measures. Grant for experiential environmental education programs is divided into two areas of grant for schools and grant for community-based civil organizations. The diagnosis and evaluation were conducted in terms of 7 areas, such as time, facilities, programs, manpower (professional expertise), operation, administrative and financial support mechanism and others. Research process involved the review of previous studies in 2001 and 2003, comparison of the grant program with other grants in and out of Korea for environment education, and the following areas considered when identifying improvement options: i) Overall review of objectives and operations, ii) expansion supports programs oriented problem solving as well as those focused ecological sensitivity, iii) change from expendable, one-time program to productive, continuous program, iv) link to social changes and issues, v) principles for operation and evaluation, vi) criteria and methods for program selection and evaluation, and vii) improving operation system. Based on review and the overall evaluation on the experiential environmental education program grant, the recommendation for improving operation system were provided, which included stages of passive improvement, active improvement and building infrastructure for environment education, and building capacity of the members related in the initiatives.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.16-25
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• 2013

This study deals with the relationships between flashing operation and traffic accident at signalized intersections. The objective of this study is to analyze safety effects of the yellow flashing operation at night. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attention to evaluating the safety results from signal operation of Cheongju's 190 signalized intersections using before-after evaluation with comparison group that are categorized by highway function. The main results are as follow. First, the numbers of traffic accidents and of fatalities/injuries in two highway types (arterial and collector road) have increased after operating the yellow flashing signal at night. Second, the numbers of accidents, fatalities/injuries, severe accidents and of fatalities/severe injuries in group A(arterial) have increased by 19%, 36%, 15% and 14%, respectively. Finally, the numbers of accidents, fatalities/injuries, severe accidents and fatalities/severe injuries in group B (collector) have increased by 50%, 64%, 41% and 77%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

The BTL project, 4 years since its operation. has benchmarked the PFI Project in Japan and has been introduced. Given the evaluation step to select a preferred bidder, in a technological factor, the basic plans are corrected and complemented, whereas in a price factor, the low price bidding system is being enforced. There is concern that how to select preferred bidders and how to operate project costs during operation and management period may be problematic. Thus, in this study, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, the method of deciding the priority to select preferred bidders in an early stage of the project and the evaluation model to evaluate the validity of BTL project expenses in process of project enforcement are established. Targeting the group composed of experts who have experiences in the BTL project. Then, the levelling of evaluation factors and grouping have been carried out as following : LCC analysis and disbursement for government including two more detailed factors.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.79-95
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• 2024

Over the past decade, urban regeneration projects have been actively promoted nationwide in South Korea, leading to the establishment of numerous community facilities aimed at fostering community engagement and revitalization. Recently, the need for diagnostic tools to provide appropriate support and guidance for the sustainable operation of these facilities has been increasingly emphasized. However, a comprehensive manual or nationwide standard approach remains lacking. As such, this study aims to propose evaluation criteria and their application methods for the periodic operational assessment of those facilities. First, through a review of previous studies, candidate indicators were identified. After that, preliminary indicators and frameworks were determined through expert consultations, followed by surveys conducted with 65 experts to finalize the evaluation indicators. The survey results highlighted the importance of 'Value Creation (VC)' and 'Operation Management (OM)' as key aspects of facility evaluation. In assessing VC, key factors include enhancing community vitality, strengthening local capacity, providing tailored functions for the community, and contributing to the local economy. In constructing OM, the focus lies on operational system, financial management, operational personnel, and economic viability and sustainability. This study proposes an evaluation framework that includes the final evaluation indicators and available data sources for each indicator, and a pilot test was conducted to verify its applicability. Moreover, the study suggests directions for utilizing the evaluation criteria and methods for applying indicators tailored to the characteristics of individual facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.701-708
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• 2007

A tilting train, which was developed to run the curve section without reducing the speed and compromising the riding quality, can improve the speed so as to reduce the travel time, compared to the existing trains. Then the force generated by the train operation to the track is in proportion to train operation speed, which means the track shall bear the increased force as much as the increase in train operation speed. Particularly, wheel load and lateral wheel load generated by train operation and distributed to the rail tend to cause the track to suffer the strain and furthermore the severe disaster such as derailment. To deal with such problem and ensure the train will run safety and stably, the tolerance in wheel load change, lateral wheel load and derailment coefficient was determined for quantitative evaluation of the train operation stability. In this study, derailment coefficient of inner and outer rail at existing curve section of tilting train was determined to evaluate the curve radius, possibility of acceleration and the need of rail improvement, which was then compared with the existing traditional train and high speed train. Conducting the quantitative evaluation of dynamic wheel load and lateral wheel load of each train, which was based on field survey, derailment coefficient and static & dynamic wheel load change, which serve the evaluation criteria of train operation stability, were determined for comparison with the standards, thereby analyzing the stability of the tilting train.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1927-1932
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• 2003

In a previous study, the authors have proposed the Cooperative Collision Avoidance (CCA) method which enables mobile robots to cooperatively avoid collisions, by extending the concept of the Velocity Obstacle to multiple robot systems. The method introduced an evaluation function considering an operation objective so that each robot can choose the velocity which optimizes the function. As the evaluation function could be of an arbitrary type, this method is applicable to a wide variety of tasks. However, it complicates the optimization of the function especially in real-time. In addition, construction of the evaluation function requires an operation objective of the other robot which is very hard to obtain without communication. In this paper, the CCA method is improved considering such problems for implementation. To decrease computational costs, the previous method is simplified by introducing two essential assumptions. Then, by treating the desired direction of locomotion for each robot as the operation objective, an operation objective estimator which estimates the desired direction of the other robot is introduced. The only measurement required is the other robot's relative position, since the other information can be obtained through the estimation. Hence, communicational devices that are necessary for most other cooperative methods are not required. Moreover, mobile robots employing the method can avoid collisions with uncooperative robots or moving obstacles as well as with cooperative robots. Consequently, this improved method can be applied to general dynamic environments consisting of various mobile robots.