• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2020

Objectives: Yukmijihwang-won (Liuweidihuang-wan in Chinese) is a frequently used medicinal herbal formula. It is used as Yin tonic in Korea and China to recover patients from Yin deficiency. However, the scientific evidence on this drug has not revealed the beneficial effect or mechanism of its effects on the neurological disorder. We designed this study to examine the antidepressive and analgesic effects of Yukmijihwang-won (YJ-01) and the minor modification of YJ-01, YJ-06 on the reserpine-induced pain-depression dyad mice model. Methods: Reserpine (1 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously once a day for three consecutive days to induce pain and depression-like behavior. The oral administration of YJ-01 and YJ-06 (100, 200, or 300 mg/kg) was performed once daily from three days after the reserpine injection. Results: Repeated administration of the YJs significantly reduced the immobility time in a forced swimming test and increased the moved distance and number of crossings in the open field test. In the von-Frey filament test, the oral administration of YJs remarkably suppressed the increase in paw withdrawal frequency. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that YJ-01 and 06 may be good candidates to treat the pain-depression dyad.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2022

To investigate effects of cognitive function improvement whether against Taegeuk ginseng on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats. All experiments were conducted in three groups: the control group (CTR), the scopolamine 0.4mg/kg (SCP), and the scopolamine (SCP+T) treated with Taegeuk ginseng 100 mg/kg. Taegeuk ginseng 100 mg/kg daily was orally administered for one month and treated with scopolamine was only for 7 consecutive days on the Morris water maze task. 3 weeks after oral administration of Taegeuk ginseng, subjects were performed the Morris water maze test for 8 days and then the open-field exploration test which to assessed for cognitive function improvement. After behavioral testing, subjects were sacrificed and microdissected brains for neurochemical analysis. In the cognitive-behavioral test, long-term administration of Taegeuk ginseng improved spatial navigation learning task compared with the impeded by scopolamine treatment. In neurochemistry, the expression of the synaptic marker PSD95 (postsynaptic density protein 95) was increased in the hippocampus compared to the scopolamine group. Also, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression was significantly increased in the taegeuk ginseng administration group. These data suggested that long-term administration of taegeuk ginseng might improve cognitive-behavioral functions on hippocampal related spatial learning memory, and it was correlated with neurotropic and synaptic reinforcement. In conclusion, treatment with taegeuk ginseng may positive outcome on learning and memory deficit disorders.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.699-708
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• 2022

Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy have an adversely effects on offspring behavior and development. However, its mechanism is still poorly understood. To uncover this, we added ceftriaxone sodium to the drinking water of rats during pregnancy and conducted three-chamber sociability test, open-field test, and Morris water maze test in 3- and 6-week-old offspring. The antibiotic group offspring showed lower sociability and spatial learning and memory than control. To determine the role of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in the changes in offspring behavior, fecal samples of 6-week-old offspring rats were sequenced. The composition of dominant gut microbial taxa differed between the control and antibiotic groups. KEGG pathway analysis showed that S24-7 exerted its effects through the metabolic pathways including mineral absorption, protein digestion and absorption, Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed that S24-7 abundance was negatively correlated with the level of VEGF, and metabolites associated with S24-7-including 3-aminobutanoic acid, dacarbazine, L-leucine, 3-ketosphinganine, 1-methylnicotinamide, and N-acetyl-L-glutamate-were also significantly correlated with VEGF levels. The findings suggest that antibiotic exposure during pregnancy, specifically ceftriaxone sodium, will adversely affects the behavior of offspring rats due to the imbalance of gut microbiota, especially S24-7, via VEGF and various metabolic pathways.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.56-67
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• 1999

장기간의 해양 모니터링을 위해서는 종합관측부이를 국산화하여 활용하는 것이 요구된다. 이런 요구에 부응하여 한국과 비슷한 여건의 대만 성공대학과 공동연구를 통해 종합관측부이 제작기술을 도입하여 이를 한국에서 효율적으로 해양 환경 모니터링에 활용할 수 있게 발전·개선시켰다. 부이의 크기는 육상 운반과 해상 설치에 편리하도록 직경 2.5m로, NOAA의 3.0m 부이보다 작다. 부이의 동적특성을 수치모델로 해석하였는데, 주기가 4초 이상의 파랑을 관측하는 데는 문제가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 부이의 관측 및 제어 시스템을 개선하여 더 많은 관측센서를 부착할 수 있고, 전원 소모량을 줄이고 또 자료의 분석 및 관리 기능을 높혔다. 이 논문에서는 개선된 종합관측부이의 각 구성부분을 자세히 설명하였다. 종합관측부이는 풍향, 풍속,기온, 습도, 기압 및 파랑 등 기존의 해양 기상 요소에다 수온, 염분, DO, pH 및 탁도 등 해양환경 요소를 첨가하였다. 원해에 설치된 부이로부터 실시간 자료 전송을 위해 Inmarsat 위성통신 시스템을 이용하였다. 개선 제작된 부이는 포항 앞바다에서 1개월 간의 시범 운영을 통하여 계류, 자료 송신에 대한 성능 실험과 파랑자료를 검증하기 위하여 네덜란드의 Datawell사의 Wave-rider부이와 동시 관측 실험을 수행하였는데, 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 1999

In order to investigate various physical and biological properties of dental magnetic attachments studies on retentive characteristics, corrosion properties, cytotoxicity of different magnetic systems for dental applications were done. For the study of retentive characteristics changes of retentive force by increasing air gap, wear properties of various attachment systems and loss of magnetic force by heat treatment were measured. Forte study of corrosion property of magnet covering metal electrochemical corrosion was done in artificial saliva and 0.9% NaCl solution between $-1,000mV_{SCE}\;and\;+1,000mV_{SCE}$. Anodic polarization curves are obtained about 6 types of samples and 2 types of solution. Corroded surfaces were examined with metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope and surface profilometer. For the study of cytotoxicity of magnetic attachment and its field cell growth and agar overlay test were done. The results of this study were as follows. 1. In Magnetic attachments using closed circuit retentive force at zero air gap was greater than magnets using open circuit, but decrease of retentive force by increasing air gap was also greater than open systems. 2. After 40,000 cycles of wear test all mechanical attachment resulted in varing degree of retention loss but in magnetic attachments no loss of retentive force was observed. 3. The magnetic attachment using Neodymium magnet showed early loss of retentive force about $200^{\circ}C$ but attachment using Samarium magnet showed some resistance to heat treatment and complete retention loss was observed about $500^{\circ}C$. The keeper was not influenced by heat treatment in retention. 4. In electrochemical corrosion test Dyna magnetic attachment covering metal showed the highiest corrosion resistance and Shiner magnet covering metal showed the least corrosion resistance and examination of corroded surface with metallurgical microscope, scanning electron micro-scope and surface profilometer also showed same results with anodic polarization corves. 5. The result of cell culture tests on the magnet covered with metal showed least recognizable cytotoxicity.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.27-49
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture in Spinal Cord Injury(SCI)-induced rats. Methods : The subjects were divided into 5 groups ; Normal, Control no treatment after SCI, Experimental I taken with Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang (Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) 500 mg/kg $0.5m{\ell}$ daily after inducing SCI. Experimental II taken with Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture at Taegye(KI3) and $Yangnungch{\acute{o}}n$(GB34) after inducing SCI and Experimental III taken with Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) 500 mg/kg $0.5m{\ell}$ and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture at KI3 and GB34 to SCI-induced rats. After each operation, the present author observed the motor behavior recovery and nerve regeneration by analysis of the motor behavior tests, EMG, hematological(AST, ALT, WBC), histological and immunological changes. Rats were tested at modified Tarlov test at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th day, and Motor behavior test at 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st day. Results : Results are as follows. 1. All the experimental groups were improved compared with control group in the motor behavior tests including Tarlov test, Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale, modified inclined plane test, open field test, grid walk test and narrow beam test. Especially Experimental III was improved significantly among other groups. 2. In EMG test, H wave appeared weak only in Experimental III. And M wave was increased significantly in Experimental III. 3. All the experimental groups were significantly decreased compared with control group in serum AST, serum ALT and serum WBC tests. 4. significantly decreased in Tumor Necrosis Factor-${\alpha}$ test compared with the first day of SCI. 5. Muscle contraction and denaturation of all the experimental groups were inhibited in histological observations of gastrocnemius muscle. Especially, those of experimental III was more effective. 6. NGF and BDNF of spinal cord gray matter in all the experimental groups were increased compared with control group. Especially, those of experimental III was more effective. Conclusions : As above, it can be suggested that Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture may improve motor behavior, EMG, hematological, histological and immunological findings in Spinal Cord Injury(SCI)-induced rats. Especially, effects will be somewhat better in combination of these two treatments.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.391-407
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• 2019

Tracking the location (position) of a surface or underwater marine vehicle is important as part of guidance and navigation. While the Global Positioning System (GPS) works well in an open sea environment but its use is limited whenever testing scaled-down models of such vehicles in the laboratory environment. This paper presents the design, development and implementation of a low energy ultrasonic augmented single beacon-based localization technique suitable for such requirements. The strategy consists of applying Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to achieve location tracking from basic dynamic distance measurements of the moving model from a fixed beacon, while on-board motion sensor measures heading angle and velocity. Iterative application of the Extended Kalman Filter yields x and y co-ordinate positions of the moving model. Tests performed on a free-running ship model in a wave basin facility of dimension 30 m by 30 m by 3 m water depth validate the proposed model. The test results show quick convergence with an error of few centimeters in the estimated position of the ship model. The proposed technique has application in the real field scenario by replacing the ultrasonic sensor with industrial grade long range acoustic modem. As compared with the existing systems such as LBL, SBL, USBL and others localization techniques, the proposed technique can save deployment cost and also cut the cost on number of acoustic modems involved.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2020

This paper focuses on the processes of wind flow in atmospheric boundary layer, to produce realistic full scale pressures for design of low-rise buildings. CFD with LES turbulence closure is implemented on a scale 1:1 prototype building. A proximity study was executed computationally in CFD with LES that suggests new recommendations on the computational domain size, in front of a building model, apart from common RANS-based guidelines (e.g., COST and AIJ). Our findings suggest a location of the test building, different from existing guidelines, and the inflow boundary proximity influences pressure correlation and reproduction of peak loads. The CFD LES results are compared to corresponding pressures from open jet, full scale, wind tunnel, and the ASCE 7-10 standard for roof Component & Cladding design. The CFD LES shows its adequacy to produce peak pressures/loads on buildings, in agreement with field pressures, due to its capabilities of reproducing the spectral contents of the inflow at 1:1 scale.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제44권9호
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• pp.731-740
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 국내 기술로 개수로 흐름 측정에 활용할 수 있는 초음파 유속 프로파일러를 개발하였다. 이 유속 프로파일러는 초음파의 도플러 효과로 유속을 측정하는 원리에 기반을 두고 있으며, 도플러 주파수는 펄스반복주파수(Pulse Repetition Frequency) 기법에 의해 산정된다. 개발된 유속 프로파일러의 성능을 검증하기 위해 실내 실험 및 현장 테스트를 수행하였다. 실험 결과 개발된 유속 프로파일러는 바닥에서부터 약 0.1 cm 이상의 수심에서는 정상적인 유속 분포를 측정하며, 상용 유속센서 등과 비교하여 유사한 측정 성능을 가진 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.957-967
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 직사각형 개구면이 있는 함체 내부에 위치한 PCB로부터의 복사 방출 예측 이론을 제안한다. PCB scanner를 이용하여 PCB로부터의 근접장을 측정하여 등가 전원으로 모델링하고, 등가 전원에 의한 전자기장을 계산한다. 함체 내부의 등가 전원을 그린 함수를 이용하여 표현하고, 함체 외부의 전자기장은 푸리에 변환을 이용하여 표현한다. 모드 정합법을 이용하여 개구면에서의 전자기장을 계산하고, 표면 등가 원리 및 영상정리를 이용하여 OATS(Open Area Test Site) 환경에서의 복사 방출을 계산한다. 계산 결과를 측정치와 비교하여, 복사 방출 예측 이론의 정확성을 확인한다.