• The Journal of Information Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.27-41
• /
• 2005

Electronic Trade of increasing is the use of the Internet makes it possible for business to expand their markets and render services. However, it also brought up many problems caused by various issues. The problems encompass consumer protection and dispute settlement between the disputed parties. Online ADR have some advantage that are convenience, low-cost, legitimate to online users and avoids jurisdiction issues and some disadvantages that are loss of the human factor, lack of accessibility, lack of confidentiality and security and difficulty of enforcing arbitral agreements. This purpose of this paper is to reviews the types of Online ADR, as the dispute settlement way in Electronic Trade. This study points out the task that korea has to promote the Online ADR for more effective and efficient dispute settlements.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.55 no.11
• /
• pp.468-475
• /
• 2006

This paper reviews the energy characteristics of oil filled cables in transient state such as grounding fault and lightning surge. Artificial grounding fault test was firstly performed in 2003 for the analysis of arc voltage and breakdown energy according to the fault current. In this paper, energy of OF cable is variously analysed at joint box based on the actual test. Then more various conditions such as installation types, section lengths and CCPU(Cable Covering Protection Unit) connection types are applied for the simulation using EMTP when the single line to ground fault and direct lightning stroke are occurred on actual underground power cable systems and combined power cable systems, respectively. Finally, the energy by the length of crossbonded lead and grounding lead as well as fault lasting time is also calculated using EMTP simulation.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.767-777
• /
• 2011

Power electronic systems such as switching power supplies are accounted as noise sources for other sensitive circuits. EMI caused by power converters can disturb the normal operation of the converter and other adjacent systems. Major research is concentrated on EMI mitigation for power converters in which the main concern is compliance with EMC standards to ensure proper operation of converters and nearby systems. This paper reviews EMI reduction techniques related to switching power converters with emphasis on the conducted EMI. A comprehensive review of significant research works is performed and various methods are thoroughly discussed and compared. Also, a classification of methods is presented. Moreover, converter prototypes are realized which contain several EMI mitigation techniques and their effects are presented via experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop a curriculum model for the professional development of children's librarians at the university level through literature reviews, theoretical studies, survey of children's librarians' needs for their professional development, and investigation of the conditions of operation in the course of library and information sciences. The curriculum consists of five areas: (1) children's librarian, (2) child, (3) materials, (4) service, and (5) library management. There are two tracks: one for refinement in 90 hours, and the other for professional development in 165 hours. Some courses are made up practical activities drawn from theoretical foundations. The courses blend on-line and off-line styles of learning.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.159-177
• /
• 2003

As many kinds of transactions and informations move onto the Internet, methods to resolve dispute arising from this trend must also move onto the Internet. The Internet has heightened interest in Alternative Dispute Resolution(ADR). Some organizations are using the new technology in the field of dispute resolution, for example, by establishing web sites and offering communications through the Internet. Online ADR provides an attractive solution to an important part of the jurisdictional challenges presented by the Internet. This study reviews the types of online ADR as the dispute settlement way in electronic commerce. Especially this paper points out the task that Korea has to promote the online ADR for more effective and efficient dispute settlements.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2008

An interest in deep-sea measurements has been gradually increased in association with global warming and the need for deep-sea resources development. Long-term mooring of current meters has been recently conducted primarily for these purposes. In general, current meters equipped on a mooring line are deployed and recovered for a planned period in the sea. This paper describes all the preparations for deep-sea mooring. It also reviews the possible causes of the failures of recovery, which occasionally happens in the sea.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.202-217
• /
• 2022

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital vascular disease in which interventional radiologists can play both diagnostic and therapeutic roles in patient management. The diagnosis of pulmonary AVM is simple and can usually be made based on CT images. Endovascular treatment, that is, selective embolization of the pulmonary artery feeding the nidus of the pulmonary AVM, and/or selectively either the nidus or draining vein, has become a first-line treatment with advances in interventional devices. However, some vascular diseases can simulate pulmonary AVMs on CT and pulmonary angiography. This subset can confuse interventional radiologists and referring physicians. Vascular mimickers of pulmonary AVM have not been widely known and described in detail in the literature, although some of these require surgical correction, while others require regular follow-up. This article reviews the clinical and radiologic features of pulmonary AVMs and their mimickers.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2007

In recent few years, low-power electronics has been a leading drive for technology developments nourished by rapidly growing market share. Mobile DRAM, as a fundamental block of hand-held devices, is now becoming a product developed by limitless competition. To support application specific mobile features, various new power-reduction schemes have been proposed and adopted by standardization. Tightened power budget in battery-operated systems makes conventional schemes not acceptable and increases difficulty of the circuit design. The mobile DRAM has successfully moved down to 1.5V era, and now it is about to move to 1.2V. Further voltage scaling, however, presents critical problems which must be overcome. This paper reviews critical issues in mobile DRAM design and various circuit schemes to solve the problems. Focused on analog circuits, bitline sensing, IO line sensing, refresh-related schemes, DC bias generation, and schemes for higher data rate are covered.

• Particle and aerosol research
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.111-122
• /
• 2009

This paper reviews about synthesis of nanoparticles by spark discharge and applications. A method of catalytic activation with Pd and Pt aerosol nanoparticles produced by spark discharge was introduced. After annealing, the catalytically activated substrate placed into a solution for electroless silver deposition. The silver was then formed only on the activated regions of the substrate. Silver line patterns having a width of $18{\mu}m$ and a height of $1{\mu}m$ were created with the ability to be effectively reproduced. Antimicrobial nanoparticles such as silver were used for removal of bioaerosols. Silver nanoparticles deposited air filters such as ACF filters were evaluated by antimicrobial test.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2019

Despite the increasing number of osteochondral lesions of the talus, there are a lack of definite evidence-based treatment protocols. Several types of treatments are available, each having their advantages and disadvantages. First-line therapy consists of well-conducted conservative treatment. Surgical treatment is the second choice. Treatments are chosen based on the size of the lesion, location, chronicity, and the condition of the neighboring cartilage. This article reviews the current updates in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus to help clinicians use the available treatment strategies more efficiently.