• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the level of functional health literacy and its influence on perceived health status in Korean older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Daegu, Kyungpook and Susan province. A total of 103 older adults aged 65 yr or older were interviewed in person between July 1 to August 30, 2007. Results: A high proportion of older adults were unable to read and understand written basic medical instructions. Only 40-50% were able to comprehend directions for taking medication four times a day or on an empty stomach. Only 11-38% were able to understand information regarding treatment procedure, informed consent, or educational material for elderly fall prevention. Individuals who were older, single, and had less education and income were more likely to have lower functional health literacy. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, individuals with lower health literacy had poorly perceived health status. Conclusion: Many Korean older adults have a very low level of fuctional literacy. Low health literacy was independently associated with poorly perceived health status.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.54-74
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• 2023

This study examined the subcomponents of the local environment that have an important influence on the life satisfaction of people living in single-person households and analyzed how the causal relationship between these variables differs between generations. Specifically, the local environment was classified into the following subcomponents: convenience, comfort, safety, healthcare, and neighborhood relationships. This study analyzed the data of 3,260 respondents from single-person households in the 2020 Residents' Quality of Life Survey in Gyeonggi Province. As a result, it was found that the perception of all subcomponents of the local environment had a positive effect on the life satisfaction of people in single-person households. The effect of neighborhood relationships was relatively large compared to other subcomponents. Next, the influencing factors on life satisfaction of people in single-person households showed differences between generations, which were defined by this study as youth (under age 35), middle-aged (35-64), and elderly (65 and older). Convenience and safety for the youth group and neighborhood relationship for the middle-aged group were most important. The elderly group was most affected by healthcare. The proportion of single-person households worldwide, including in Korea, is gradually increasing, and considering this, this study provides important policy implications.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.21-37
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• 2023

이 연구는 가족의 다양성 차원에서 1인가구의 보편화 현상에 주목하여, 김포시 1인가구 사례를 중심으로 1인가구의 생애주기별 생활실태 그리고 생활만족도를 살펴보았다. 조사는 김포시 거주 1인가구를 대상으로 2022년도 8-10월에 걸쳐 대면설문조사로 실시되었다. 생애주기별로 청년/중장년/노년기 1인가구로 집단을 구분하였고, 1인가구의 인구사회학적 배경, 개인생활 영역, 가족관계, 생활만족도 등의 문항을 통계분석에 활용하였다. 조사대상자 특성을 파악하기 위한 기술통계, 생애주기별 생활실태의 차이를 검증하기 위한 교차분석과 일원분산분석, 그리고 생활만족도에 영향 미치는 변수를 파악하기 위한 중다회귀분석을 적용하였다. 주요 연구결과로, 먼저 1인가구의 식생활관리, 의류관리, 주거관리, 가정관리, 자기돌봄, 경제생활, 여가생활 등에서 생애주기별로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 1인가구의 생활만족도에 영향 미치는 변수로는 생애주기 즉 중노년기 보다 청년기일 경우 높은 수준으로 나타났고, 또 돌보아야 하는 가족원의 존재, 1인가구 형성의 자발성, 차별경험, 지역사회 인지수준, 유대 등이 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때, 1인가구가 생애주기별로 다른 욕구 그리고 문제를 가질 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 이는 의식주생활, 가정관리, 자기돌봄, 경제생활, 여가 등 생활의 여러 영역에서 생애주기별 1인가구의 경험과 어려움의 차이를 반영하여 맞춤형의 정책과 프로그램을 제공할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2023

Objectives: While older adults using community care services are known to be vulnerable for depression, community care utilization (CCU) may help to improve the mental health of these elderly. To date, however, it is much less clear how CCU affects depressive symptoms in the elderly population. This study focuses on the trajectory of depressive symptoms across years of CCU among older adults in Korea. Methods: Using the 2006-2019 Korean Welfare Panel Survey, this study is focused on elderly born in 1940 or earlier and selected 3281 persons for baseline interviews in 2006. This consisted of 35 800 person-year observations during a period of 14 years. Panel data analysis were employed to construct years of CCU. Results: After controlling for covariates, linear term of years using community care was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, but a quadratic term was positively significant. The trajectory of depressive symptoms across the years of CCU follows a U-shaped curve. Older adults in the first year of using community care reported the highest level of depressive symptoms. However, a significant and steady decrease in depressive symptoms was observed during the following 9 years of CCU, which then gradually increased. The level of depressive symptoms at the 14th year of using community care remains significantly lower than the level at the outset of its utilization. Conclusions: This finding implies that CCU could be beneficial for improving mental health among older adults.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.483-494
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• 2016

Purpose: This study compared health behaviors and disease prevalence between one-person women and multiple-household women in Korea. Methods: This study used the 2013 data from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS). A total of 89,807 women, aged 19-64 years were included in this study. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Moreover, statistical processing was performed using the SPSS 21.0. Results: Among adult women, one-person households women was 6.2%. One-person household women were older than multiple-households women, and multiple-households women were less likely to exercise regularly. And disease prevalence was higher in one-person household women than in multiple-household women. Conclusion: Residence characteristics should be considered in developing a public health program to reduce or increase modifiable health behaviors and disease prevalence. The findings from this study suggest that policies to improve the support for healthcare of one-person household women is necessary.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify unmet healthcare needs among man and woman one-person households and to explore related factors by gender. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The final sample consisted of 820 one-person households. The statistical analysis, conducted in SPSS version 20.1, included complex sampling analysis; descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and logistic regression. Results: The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of women in one-person households were significantly different from those of men in one-person households. Women in single-person households were mainly in their 70s or older and married, and they tended to have a low education level, low income, and no formal occupation. Unmet healthcare needs were experienced by 17.3% of women in one-person households and 13.5% of men in one-person households, which was not a statistically significant difference (χ²=2.17, p=.139). Factors related to unmet healthcare needs were subjective health status and unmet dental care needs in single-person-household men. By contrast, having experienced impairment within the past year, stress, and unmet dental care needs were factors related to unmet healthcare needs in single-person-household women. Conclusion: As one-person households become increasingly common, more attention needs to be paid to them and our understanding of them needs to be improved. Women in one-person households, in particular, are especially vulnerable, as they experience more unmet healthcare needs.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.408-421
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• 2019

Objectives: This study compared the dietary behaviors of single-person households when eating alone according to the employment pattern and age. Methods: A total of 566 people aged 20~59 years old were collected from the status of workers and classified into three groups according to their employment pattern (regular, non-regular workers and business owner). The subjects were collected by purposive quota sampling on a Gallup panel from June to November in 2017. The dietary behavior and perception of eating alone of the subjects were surveyed via online and self-reported questionnaires. Results: The frequency of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular group than the non-regular group and business group (p<0.01). The place of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular and non-regular group in the convenience store, and business group in the office (p<0.001). Ramen, the menu when eating alone, was significantly higher in the non-regular group than the other groups (p<0.01). The preference for eating alone was lower in the older age group (p<0.05). The young aged group (aged 20~30) ate more fast food and felt more convenience than the older aged group aged 40~50 years (p<0.05). Conclusions: Single-person households with a non-regular job have poorer dietary behavior in eating alone than those who had regular employment. In a situation of an increasing number of non-regular workers aged in their 20s and 30s, there is a high likelihood of social problems, such as health and poverty. This study highlights the need for a healthy food selection environment to improve the dietary life of single-person households with non-regular jobs for the diverse types of single-person households.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2022

경제활동을 하는 1인가구 중 비정규직 및 20대 청년층의 경우 다른 고용형태 및 다른 연령층과 식생활 행태에 차이가 있는지를 비교하고자 1인가구를 고용형태(비정규직, 정규직, 사업자) 및 연령별(20-59세)로 층화 추출하여 월평균수입 및 외식비용, 식생활 등을 조사하여 분석하였다(총 566명). 20대 1인가구는 타 연령에 비하여 월평균수입(p<0.001) 및 외식비용이 낮고, 식생활에 신경쓰지 않는 비율이 높았다(p<0.01). 집에서 요리는 거의 하지 않고(p<0.05), 식품은 주로 편의점에서 구입하는 비율이 더 높게 나타났으며(p<0.001), 이러한 양상은 비정규직에서도 비슷하게 나타났다(p<0.001). 본 연구는 비정규직 및 20대 청년층의 비율이 높은 1인가구의 특성에 맞는 건강 식생활 환경을 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2018

The growth of the older population is expected to further increase social problems associated with population aging, such as isolation, poverty, and depression. The emerging issues associated with the older population are also expected to provide further momentum on studies about the dwelling environment as factors that ensure the health of older people as well as improve their quality of life. Therefore, approaches for explaining the issues of the older age group should be diversified using a variety of factors and appropriate analytic tools. Studies on measuring depression have principally focused on assessing an objective self-report questionnaire, usually in a highly structured, textual form which may not reflect the cognitive impairment of older adults. The aim of this study was to define and measure dwelling depression among older adults in Korea. There are two specific hypotheses in this study as follows: (a) there will be statistically significant relationships with dwelling dissatisfaction and depression, and (b) dwelling depression tools containing text and images will be, respectively, assessment tools that have a good construct with content validity and reliability. In the first experiment, to define and measure dwelling depression, 301 people over 65 years old living in single and two-person households were surveyed using a text-based dwelling depression questionnaires from September 1-30, 2017. In the second experiment, to examine whether the projective image questionnaire could serve as a suitable replacement for the text-based questionnaires, the same participants were surveyed from January 22 to February 2, 2018. The results show that depression has a close correlation with dwelling dissatisfaction. In addition, the geriatric dwelling depression index (GDDI) based on the projective image was refined. Additionally, the projective image questionnaire has a close correlation with the text-based questionnaire. Finally, through ROC curve analysis, it was found that the projective image questionnaire can accurately predict a depression group. To this end, this preliminary study examined the validity of the projective image questionnaire in older adults to make this instrument feasible for older populations and to contribute to a profound understanding of geriatric depression due to the living environment. We hope they will provide a basis for further research on psychological diagnoses using projective images.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the effect of household types on the occurrence of chronic diseases depending on gender and to identify the factors associated with chronic disease occurrence in one-person households. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted using the data of 15,949 adults with the age of 19 years or older from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013~2015). Results: For male, the risk of chronic disease occurrence was higher in one-person households than in multi-person households, and the same held true after adjusting for the confounding factors. For female, no significant relationship was found between household types and chronic disease occurrence. Factors associated with chronic disease occurrence were age, employment state, marital state, smoking, perceived stress, and depression in male, and age, employment state, physical activity, and obesity in female. Conclusion: It is necessary to monitor the disparity in health depending on household types in male. Additionally, providing a gender specific chronic disease prevention and health enhancement program is required.