• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 독거노인의 사회경제적 지위 잠재유형을 분류한 후, 사회경제적 지위 잠재유형과 자아존중감과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 2009년도 전국노인학대실태조사의 자료 중, 65세 이상 독거노인 1,333명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구문제를 해결하기 위해 잠재유형분석 및 일원변량분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회경제적 지위는 5개의 잠재유형으로 분류되었으며, 각각 고학력-저소득 집단, 저학력-저소득 집단, 중간학력-저소득 집단, 고학력-고소득 집단, 저학력-고소득 집단으로 명명되었다. 둘째, 자아존중감은 저학력-저소득 집단이 저학력-고소득 집단, 고학력-저소득 집단, 고학력-고소득 집단보다 낮게 나타났으며, 중간학력-저소득 집단이 고학력-저소득 집단과 고학력-고소득 집단보다 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 저학력-고소득 집단의 자아존중감이 고학력-고소득 집단보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 저학력-저소득 집단에 비해 고학력-저소득 집단, 중간학력-저소득 집단, 고학력-고소득 집단, 저학력-고소득 집단은 자아존중감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 통제변수가 추가 투입된 모형에서도 일관되게 나타났다. 이를 근거로 독거노인의 하위집단별 특성에 관한 기초자료와 그들의 삶의 질을 향상하기 위한 실천 및 정책적 함의를 제공한다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.453-462
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The inverse relationships of combined fruits and vegetables intake with blood pressure have been reported. However, whether there are such relationships with salty vegetables has rarely been investigated in epidemiologic studies. We evaluated the relation of combined and separate intake of fruits, vegetable intakes, and salty vegetables, as well as sodium and potassium, with blood pressure among the middle-aged and elderly populations. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The present cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort baseline survey was performed with 6,283 subjects (2,443 men and 3,840 women) and free of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Dietary data were collected by trained interviewers using food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: The significantly inverse linear trend of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was found in fruits and non-pickled vegetables (81.2 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 79.0 mmHg in the highest quintile, P for trend = 0.0040) and fruits only (80.9 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 79.4 mmHg in the highest quintile, P for trend = 0.0430) among men. In contrast, sodium and sodium to potassium ratio were positively related with blood pressure among men (DBP, 78.8 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 80.6 mmHg in the highest quintile, P for trend = 0.0079 for sodium; DBP, 79.0 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 80.7 mmHg in the highest quintile, P for trend = 0.0199 and SBP, 123.8 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 125.9 mmHg in the highest quintile for sodium/potassium). Kimchies consumption was positively related to DBP for men (78.2 mmHg in the lowest quintile vs 80.9 mmHg in the highest quintile for DBP, P for trend = 0.0003). Among women, these relations were not found. CONCLUSION: Fruits and/or non-pickled vegetables may be inversely, but sodium, sodium to potassium, and Kimchies may be positively related to blood pressure among men.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.354-365
• /
• 2000

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the factors that change exercise behave. This study will also classify and identify the characteristics of excercise stages to which the elderly belong Also, to identify the processes of change which influence on the changes in exercise performed by the elderly. Methods: Convenient samples of 198 subjects over the age 60 in Seoul Korea(mean age=70) were selected from elderly communities and were all mentally conpetant older adults. The data were collected from April 1,1999 to May 30, 1999. The research instruments were measured the change in exercise (Marcus et al., 1992b), such as Stage of Change measure(Marcus et al,1992a). The data were analyzed by SAS Program. Results: 1. According to the measure of change without missing data, 191 subjects were distributed each stage of change for exercise: 50 subjects (26.1%), 7 subjects (3.6%), 52 subjects (27.2%), 4 subjects (2%), and 78 (40.8%) belonged to the precontemplation stage, the contemplation stage, the preparation stage, the action stage and the maintenace stage. 2. According to the factor analysis, 6 factors of change were identified as appropriate processes of change and were named by the researchers. The names were; 'Supportive helping relationship', 'Self cognitive determination', 'Environmental reinforcement', Consciousness raising', Reinforcement of negative condition and 'Conversion of negative condition'. 3. According to the stage of change, there were significant mean differences in the 'Supportive helping relationship(F=22.04, p=.0001)', 'Self cognitive determination (F=50.87, p=.0001)', 'Reinforcement of negative condition(F=7.84,p=.0006)'. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that Self cognitive determination is the most influential variable as one of the processes of change which can discrimiate the three stages of change (precontemplation, preparation, and maintenance). Also the next significant variable was Reinforcement of negative condition. Conclusion: The process of the dey change is one of concepts of The transtheoretical model known as strategies and the techniques people use as they go through the different stages of change. Even though this study is cross- sectional not longitudinal study, the finding of this study gives useful information for exercise intervention, by using this strategy of exercise for elderly in different stages of change in exercise.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.466-472
• /
• 2011

Hazardous chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals, are known as being harmful to human health were included in oils released by the Herbei Spirit Oil Spill accident in December 2007. To investigate changes of eating habits by the exposure to harmful substances, we conducted 5 focus group interviews for residents at Taean coast areas, who had experienced the oil spill accident. Participants included 46 women (mean age: $57.2{\pm}10.9$) who were mainly responsible for preparing family meals. Focus group discussions were audio-taped, transcribed and categorized by themes. Participants expressed more frequent illness symptoms such as dizziness, vomiting, visual loss, and skin diseases after the accident. They mentioned that their worries about economic hardship and worsened health status since the accident induced mental problems, such as depression about their children. Regarding eating habits, participants reported less intakes of fishes and meats and relatively more intakes of vegetables and kimchi due to the lack of household incomes after the accident. Although the participants had been used to collecting or catching fish or shellfish for their consumption previously, they mainly purchased these foods from local markets after the accident. Changes of eating habits induced by the accident included drinking boiled water and having steamed or fried seafood rather than raw seafood. Changes of food intakes occurred less frequently in older adults due to their longterm fixed eating habits, although they felt uncomfortable for having raw fish. The findings of this study clearly present that the exposure of hazardous substances by the oil spill accident had a significant impact on changes in eating habits besides economic, physical, and mental problems among the residents in Taean. Continuous health and nutrition monitoring and support are needed.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2007

The gait instability in the elderly has been associated with age-related deterioration in physical strength and reducing the potential for elderly falls requires regular exercise. In 2005, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control(NCIPC) reported that most elderly falls occur during activities in daily living(ADL). To better reveal biomechanic mechanisms underlying age-related degeneration in gait stability, and to enhance the assessment of falls risk, an accurate quantification of a person's balance maintenance during locomotion is needed. Instantaneous orientation of the line connecting COP and COM can characterize whole body position with respect to the supporting foot during gait and the angle between this line and the vertical line passing through the COP known as a good assessment to detect the elderly gait instability. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate a 6-month walking exercise effects in reducing elderly fall risk factors by using COP-COM inclination angles. Twenty-two community-dwelling elderly participated this study. The participants performed a walking exercise(3 times/week, 1 hour/visit) for 6 months. Laboratory kinematics during walking was assessed at months 0, 3 and 6. Significant increased in gait velocity was found among periods(p=.011, $1.25{\pm}.03$, $1.32{\pm}.03$, and $1.39{\pm}.04\;m/s$ in 0-, 3-, and 6-month, respectively). Also, significant differences in anterior and posteriror inclination angles were found among the periods(p<.05; posterior inclination angles: $12.8{\pm}2.2$, $11.0{\pm}2.9$, & $10.9{\pm}1.9$; anterior inclination angles: $13.7{\pm}1.7$, $14.6{\pm}3.2$, & $1.46{\pm}.21$ in 0month, 3month, & 6month, respectively). These findings provide evidence of significant reduced fall risk factors of community-living older adults associated with a systematic walking program.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.190-197
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Trauma is one of the major cause of death in Korea. This study focused on the survival rate and the neurologic outcome for patients with traumatic cardiac arrest (CA) at one emergency center. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with traumatic CA who were seen at a regional emergency medical center from January 2010 to December 2011. From among major trauma patients at that medical center, adults older than 18 years of age who had CA were included in this study. CA included out-of-hospital CA with arrival at the Emergency Department (ED) within three hours and in-hospital CA. We checked the survival rate and the neurologic outcome. Results: A total of 61 patients were analyzed: 32 patients had return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), 6 patients survived to discharge (survival rate: 9.84%), and 4 were still alive 90 days after discharge. The Cerebral performance category (CPC) scores at 6 months after discharge showed 1 good and 5 poor in neurologic outcomes. Factors such as initial rhythm of CA, part with major injury, Revised Trauma Score (RTS) and pH, were significant for ROSC, survival, and neurologic outcome in patients with traumatic CA. Conclusion: In this study, patients who had traumatic CA showed a 9.84% survival rate and a 1.64% good neurologic outcome. The results are poorer than those for CA caused by disease. Multi-center, prospective studies are needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.56-68
• /
• 2000

Objectives : To describe health behaviors related to hypertension in rural population of Korea and focused to identify inappropriate awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Methods : We surveyed 5,517 adults (2,288 males, 3,229 females) older than 30 years in 58 rural areas, purposely sampled nationwide from December 1996 to February 1997. Blood Pressure was checked twice af the time of the first visit. For those who showed high blood pressure using the JNC-6 criteria at their initial visit, we followed up their blood pressure one week later. Also information on the health behavior related to hypertension was collected through the person-to-person interview using structured questionnaire at the first visit. Results : For the past one year, females had more experiences of checking their blood pressure than males (77.3% versus 69.5%, p=0.001). Through the results of consecutively checked blood pressure, only 51.7% of the hypertensives were aware of their condition. Of the hypertensives who aware of their condition, 44.4% did not receive any medication and/or recommendation. And 50.4% of the hypertensives who had anti-hypertensive medication were classified as still having hypertensive blood pressure by 160/95 mmHg criteria. Of the medicated, 54.8% were found to take medication regularly for the past six months. Among the medicated, only 11.4% knew the name of anti-hypertensive drug they had. Conclusions : 'Rule of halves', which works in the situation of no special efforts for hypertension control, was identified. This study showed that much efforts to control hypertension would be required in the rural population of Korea.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.344-351
• /
• 2007

The purposes of this study were to analyze the consumer inclination to convenience towards HMR in order to verify the structural correlation of the actual state of consumption, and to analyze consequently, the direct or indirect effects among 'frequency of using,' 'preference', 'satisfaction', and 'intention to repurchase'. The subjects were adults in their twenties or older who had used HMRs and lived in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in Korea. Random sampling of 550 subjects, who were distributed a questionnaire from March 12 to 30, 2005. A total of 451 questionnaires were returned (the return rates were 82%). The main results of this study were as follows : Regarding the types of HMR, 'Ready to eat' had higher preference (3.31), satisfaction (3.33) and 'intention to purchase it again' (3.38) than those of 'Ready to heat' and 'Ready to end-cook.' Consumer inclination to convenience towards HMR was analyzed in order to verify the structural correlation of the actual state of consumption, and consequently, the direct or indirect effects among 'frequency of using,' 'preference', 'satisfaction', and 'intention to repurchase' were analyzed. The gross effect of 'frequency of using' on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.435, the gross effect of preference on 'intention to purchase it again' was 0.659, and the gross effect of satisfaction on 'intention to purchase it again' was 0.772 for 'Ready to eat.' The gross effect of 'frequency of using' on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.448, the gross effect of preference on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.556, and the gross effect of satisfaction on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.654 for 'Ready to heat.' The gross effect of 'frequency of using' on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.432, the gross effect of preference on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.494, and the gross effect of satisfaction on 'intention to repurchase' was 0.608 for 'Ready to end-cook.' To summerize the above results, there was a difference of the structural correlation among component concepts of the actual state of consuming according to the criteria of HMR. Thus, it implied that differentiated sales strategies were needed according to the criteria of HMR.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.20-32
• /
• 2013

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 사전의료의향서 사용 집단을 대상으로 초안에서 도출된 한국형 사전의료의향서 콘텐츠의 구성 요소를 바탕으로 실제 사용자 집단에서 인지적, 심리적 및 사회적으로 수용 가능한 문장과 문항으로 구성된 문서를 구축하여 한국형 사전의료의향서 모델을 제시하는 것이다. 방법: 실제 사용자인 일반 성인의 보건의료정보 문해력과 정서적 수용성 및 작성 과정을 고려하여 초안을 작성하였으며 초안을 바탕으로 인지면담(Cognitive Interviewing) 방법을 통한 문항 개발 과정을 수행하였다. 대상자는 9명의 65세 이상 노인을 포함한 16명의 인지면담에 장애가 없는 성인이었다. 결과: 총 2회기에 걸친 인지면담 결과를 분석한 후 최종적으로 3개 속성(가치관, 의료지시[9문항] 대리인 지정)을 중심으로 총 430개 단어로 구성되는 모델을 확정 제안하였다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 한국형 사전의료의향서 문서를 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 방법으로 인지면담을 사용하였으며 그 가능성을 검증하였다. 한국형 사전의료의향서 최종 모델을 위해서는 대규모 양적 연구를 통해 가용성을 검증하며, 신뢰도와 타당도를 확보하여 모델을 확정하는 과정이 포함된 추후연구가 필요할 것이다.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제66권4호
• /
• pp.5-23
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 한림고령화패널(Hallym Aging Study, HAS)과, 고령화연구패널(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, KLoSA)을 이용하여 규칙적 운동 여부가 우울증에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 경향성 점수를 이용한 분석을 통해 두 패널 데이터를 분석하여 규칙적 운동이 우울증에 미치는 효과를 측정하였다. 또한 규칙적 운동이 어떻게 우울증에 영향을 미치는 지의 이론적 설명을 검증하기 위해 5가지 간접효과 모형의 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 두 표본에서 규칙적으로 운동하는 노인들이 규칙적으로 운동하지 않는 노인에 비해 우울증 수준이 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 5개의 간접효과 모형의 분석 결과는 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 일상생활수행능력과 악력 등의 변수를 이용해 규칙적 운동이 우울에 미치는 영향을 분석한 심리생리학적 모형들과 사회활동관련 변수들을 이용해 규칙적 운동의 효과를 설명한 심리사회적 모형들이 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 우울증 경감을 위한 운동 프로그램의 적용에 관해 논의하였다.