• Membrane Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.86-95
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• 1996

Rotary disc ultrafiltration module(RDM) was developed for the separation of oil e$$\mu$sions. This module was devised to reduce the gel polarization phenomenon by decoupling the operation pressure and the surface velocity of solution in ultrafiltration(UF) processes. The rotary disc membrane consists of 3mm-thick ABS plate covered with UF membrane (UOP, U.S.A.). When the angular velocity($\omega$) was increased, the pure water flux was slightly decreased due to pressure drop caused by centrifugal force and slip flow at the surface of membrane. The pressure drop was proportional to the square of linear velocity(${\omega}r$). When the angular velocity was changed from 52.36rad/s to 2.62rad/s, the flux decline for 5% cutting oil in one-shaft RDM at $25^{\circ}C$ and 0.1MPa was 30.16%. In the lower concentrations, angular velocity tends to give less effect on the flux. Flux(J; $kg/m^{2} \cdot s$) in a rotating disc module is mainly a function of the bulk concentration($C_{B}$; %), the linear velocity(${\omega}r$; m/s) and the effective transmembrane pressure($\Delta P_{T}$ ; Pa). Using a modified resistance-in-series model, the flux data of cutting oil experiments were fitted to give the following equation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.679-684
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• 2005

The objective of this study was investigate the characteristic of biosurfactant produced from the iso-lated strain. The strain was isolated from soli samples of Duck-Yu Mountain and it was identified as Bacillus atrophaeus DYL-130 by 16S rDNA and gyrA gene nucleotide sequence analysis. The surface ten-sion of culture filtrate of Bacillus atrophaeus DYL-130 decreased to 28 mN/m and its biosurfactant con-centration was determined by diluting the culture filtrate until the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The emulsifying activity and stability of crude biosurfactant was measured by using water-immiscible hydrocarbons and oils as substrate. The biosurfactant was purified by affinity chromatography and the surface activity of purified biosurfactant was measured by drop-collapsing method and it could be effectively emulsify toluene.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2010

Oil contamination soil has been one of the most environmental social issues for decades in the inside and outside of country. The law of soil environmental preservation was carried out in the 1990s and the government controlled not only soil environment management and the remediation of contaminated soil but also promoted the development of remedial technology and cleanup business of contaminated soil by national policy. In addition to agriculture areas, the main oil contaminated sites are a gas station, oil reservoir, petro-chemical complex, site of railway carriage base and military camp. The contamination-frequency of agriculture area and effect sites are low but it has significantly important area on account of producing food for human beings. Therefore, we should be concerned about oil contamination damage of agriculture area. The oil contamination damage of agriculture area influenced drop of birth and breeding since the oil directly adheres to seeds and farm products even diffusion of contaminated soil to cultivation area. The studies of the crops and the food vegetation has not enough detailed data caused by the incident of oil contamination. This study investigated the effect of oil in germination and growth of selected plant seeds. In this study, we try to verify whether the oil contamination by accidents on farmland influenced the damage of farm produce and the mutual relation both oil contaminated soil or the vegetation of crops. The impact of oil on plant development was followed by phytotoxicity assessments. The plants exhibited visual symptoms of stress, growth reduction and perturbations in developmental parameters. The increase of the degree of pollution induced more marked effects in plants, likely because of the physical effects of oil. The relationships between the phytotoxicity contents of plants and growth reduction suggest a chemical toxicity of fuel oil. In addition, while cleaned up the contaminated soil under the standard of contaminated soil we examined it was suitable for region standard and it may have practical possibility for fill material of construction of afforestation and molding soil of landfill.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.623-627
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• 2014

Emulsions are a class of disperse systems consisting of two immiscible liquids. Emulsions are affected by the size of oil drop, the type of continuous and disperse phase, the ratio of continuous and disperse phase, the type of emulsifies and emulsification devices. This study is to observe the viscosity of emulsions with oil polarities and interpret the results by organic conceptual diagram. The emulsions were made with hydrocarbon, ester and silicone oils and then the viscosity of emulsions was measured. As the oil polarity was increased, the viscosity of emulsion was decreased by reducing the amount of emulsifies and emulsion stabilizers arranged at interface. Organic conceptual diagram was used to compare the polarities among oils numerically. The interpretation of organic conceptual diagram and the results of experimental measurement were corresponded except emulsion made with silicone oil.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 1996

Rotary disc ultrafiltration module(RDM) was developed for the separation of oil emulsions. This module was devised to reduce the gel polarization phenomenon by alecoupling the operation pressure and the surface velocity of solution in ultrafiltration(UF) processes. Two-shaft engaged disc type RDM having 20 rotary disc membcanes(UOP, USA) was operated under 85kPa vacuum at $25^{\circ}$C. The pressure drop due to slip flow in the two-shaft RDM was found to be proportional to $(2.5{\omega}r)^{2}$. The pure water flux of two-shaft RDM decreased by 9.95% at the angular velocity of 41.89rad/s compared to the decrease of 3.01% for one-shaft RDM at the same velocity. When the angular velocity was changed from 31.42rad/s to 2.62rad/s, the flux decline for 1% cutting oil in two-shaft RDM was 30.16% that is similar to that of one-shaft RDM. Disc gap of 3mm and 7mm did not show any significant differences in the flux for 1% cutting oil solution. A modified model for two-shaft RDM showed good agreement with the experimental results for the cutting oil solution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.536-540
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• 2018

As the performance of engines improves, the temperature of engines is increasing, resulting in a high piston temperature. An excessively high piston temperature may result in torque drop or engine failure. An oil jet is used to reduce the piston temperature. In this study, to monitor the effect of oil jet, a templug was used to measure the piston temperature. A templug is a kind of sensor and the hardness of the templug changes according to the piston temperature. Using a templug, the maximum temperature of the piston was measured with and without an oil jet. The piston temperature was lowered using the oil jet. The highest temperature region changed from the center crown to the front/rear area. In addition, the temperature difference between the highest and lowest regions became smaller.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2004

This study experimented dividing compaction load by dynamic compaction test and an oil pressure hammer compaction test for consolidation strength characteristics experimental feedback about soil change aspect of waste landfill ground and revelation of compaction effect as underground research about consolidation behavior of waste landfill ground by compaction load, foot weight and percussion number of times were adapted differently each other with uniformity drop head when dynamic compaction test, and hammer scale and percussion number of times were adapted differently also when oil pressure hammer compaction test.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 1986

The information on the heat transfer characteristics, flow pattern and pressure drop, are very important for the desing of general heat exchanger, refrigerating system, air conditioning system and energy recovery system. In these systems, water or lubricating oil contained in working fluid affects greatly the flow and heat transfer condition and this phenomena must be considered in the practical design. An experiment has been performed for studying the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the forced convective horizontal flow of R-113 under the range of the liquid single phase state to the boiling flow state. Basic experimental results are obtained in the case that water or lubricating oil does not contaminate in the test fluid. Experimental results are as follows; (1) The local heat transfer coefficients in the nucleate boiling region and transition boiling region are almostly ten times as large as that of liquid single phase flow. (2) The measured heat transfer coefficient in the present experimental range is relatively agreed well with the predicted value from the various experimental results for the boiling flow.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.1812-1817
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• 2008

A cooling system for microelectronics is becoming more important as its surface heat density is projected to reach that of the sun surface. The existing technologies using natural and forced convection are limited to solve the problems. Recently, an electrohydrodynamic driven flow is studied as one of the means to cope with this problems. A new method, utilizing a needle-centered nozzle electrode, has been proposed and investigated. The I-V characteristics of the nozzle electrode for deionized water and silicone oil were significantly different from that of without liquid, which might be due to the liquid drop covered on the nozzle tip by the EHD force acting near the needle tip. Results showed that the liquid pumping rate and flow efficiency of the nozzle electrode were very high, especially for the silicone oil. Theoretical analysis also showed the effectiveness of the needle electrode centered in the ceramic nozzle, which, however, can be a means as a liquid pump.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.50-55
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• 2017

This study is about the distributions of flow in an air conditioning duct used for marine and oil drilling ships. Three-dimensional steady state turbulence was assumed as a governing equation for describing the flow in the air conditioning duct in this study. We compared the flow field with the pressure distribution according to the inlet velocity for two types of air conditioning duct, and stress and safe factors were simulated using ANSYS W/B. The result of fluid analysis showed an increased pressure drop in the duct according to the inlet velocity. Furthermore, secondary flow and complicated flow characteristics occurred at the bellows zone.