• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2002

침엽수 잎으로부터 정유를 생산하고 남는 폐잔사의 이용도를 구명하고자 소나무, 잣나무, 편백 및 화백을 이용하여 음식물찌거기와 혼합하여 퇴비화 및 조사료화를 시도하였다. 폐유기물인 음식물찌거기를 효율적으로 발효시키기 위하여 미생물균주원을 탐색하여 돈분퇴비 등으로부터 고온호기성 박테리아 및 방선균을 선발하여 혼합균주를 대량배양 하였다. 이를 음식물찌거기, 정유 잔사와 혼합하여 부숙과정을 거쳐 퇴비화를 시도하였으며 작물이용시험에 의한 양질 퇴비 여부를 판단하였다. 또한 발효 후 남는 잔사에 대한 조사료로서 이용 가능성 여부를 타진하기 위하여 영양성 평가 및 소화율을 분석하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

Recently, various efforts for the extended utilization of woody biomass has been attempted due to the fact that global warming, energy and environmental problems are urgent ones to be solved. Development of new energy sources at our national security level is desperately needed as we depend on almost all of energies supplied from other countries, let alone the economic crisis caused by oil price hike. Woody biomass can be converted to energy by means of thermochemical, biological, or direct combustion processes. Many processes are available for producing bioenergy, such as bioethanol, wood pellet, wood chip, combined heat, and power system. Political support and R&D investment should be provided that can boost the utilization of the wood biomass, the eco-environment, and recyclable and alternative energy resources for national power security. In addition, a long-term strategy that can utilize unused and low efficient woody biomass resources, and systematically collect and manage them in a national level should be set up. Even though the possibility in total exchange of fossil oil with woody biomass is quite low, technology developments of woody biomass for the solution to global warming and environmental problem through its commercialization are expected to grow steadily.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1995

This study showed that models of energy utilization(EU) developed for grazing cattle in oil palm plantations is valid as the simulated results shows an agreement with actual data of calves and cows body weight changes collected from Brahman x Kedah-Kelantan herd on Pengeli Timor Plantation. Simulation runs on EU models demonstrated that the growth pattern of male and female calves and the weight changes of cows are similar and showed slight variation from the actual data but with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Parameter values such as metabolizability (q), dry matter digestibility(DMD) of herbage and voluntary intake of grazing cattle (VIG) and faecal output/body weight ratio (F) of the animals which were collected from the field are essential in bearing the pattern of body weight changes of the calves and cows in relation to increase in time, physiological status and quality of herbage grazed by these animals in the production system. The EU models is suitable for determining the metabolizable energy requirements and to predict the production of grazing cattle according to quality of the feed on offer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.176-184
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• 1998

A total of 125 pigs (5.8 kg of BW) were allotted in a completely randomized block design. Treatments were coconut oil, corn oil, soybean oil, tallow and tallow+lecithin. Each treatment had 5 replicates with 5 pigs per replicate. From d 0 to 7, pigs fed vegetable oil supported greater average daily gain (ADG) and improved feed/gain (F/G) compared to pigs fed the animal fat. Addition of lecithin to tallow increased ADG by 7.2%. Feed intake were similar for all treatment groups. From d 8 to 14, pigs fed coconut oil and soy oil showed better ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than any of the others. From d 15 to 21, pigs fed the tallow diets had lower gains (p < 0.05) than those fed diets that contained vegetable oil and tallow with added lecithin. The effect of different fat sources on gain became smaller with age. Feed intakes were similar between the vegetable oil and lecithin supplemented diets each week postweaning except for pigs fed tallow (p < 0.05). Feed : gain ratios were superior during the initial 2 weeks postweaning period when pigs were provided vegetable oil diet compared with pigs fed tallow. All pig groups had similar feed : gain ratios during 3 weeks. Combinations of tallow with lecithin tended to have intermediate feed/gain ratio. It was found that vegetable oils were much better in improving growth rate of the piglets. Lecithin significantly improved growth rate and feed efficiency of the pigs through the whole experimental period compared to tallow. Coconut oil was the most effective in improving growth of pigs during the first two weeks postweaning. Corn oil had equal value with soy oil in improving growth performance of weaned pigs. When vegetable oil was added, the digestibilities of nutrients except for minerals were higher than when the tallow was fed. Nutrients digestibility was similar among vegetable oils. The addition of lecithin to tallow increased digestibility of gross energy, dry matter, ether extract and crude protein. Crude ash and phosphorus digestibility were not affected by the treatments. Dry matter excretion was not different among treatments except for tallow which showed significantly higher dry matter excretion (p < 0.05), while nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased in pigs fed vegetable oil sources. However, Phosphorus excretion was not affected by the different fat sources.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2016

본 연구는 전나무 정유의 Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum과 같은 피부사상균에 대한 항진균 활성을 구명하고 피부염 치료제로서의 전나무 정유의 잠재력을 평가하고자 하였다. 전나무 정유와 분획물, 유효성분의 표준시약을 이용하여 한천희석법, paper disc 확산법, TEM을 이용한 세포 변화 관찰 등을 통해 항진균 활성을 평가하였고, 주성분은 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 유효성분들의 시너지효과는 체커보드법을 통해 평가하였다. 그 결과, 가장 높은 활성을 나타낸 물질은 ${\alpha}$-bisabolol을 함유하고 있는 분획 G4였으며 다른 분획 보다 뛰어나게 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 체커보드법을 통해 ${\alpha}$-bisabolol과 bornyl acetate를 병용시 뛰어난시너지 효과를 나타냈고 세포 변화 관찰을 통해 분획 G4에 노출된 E. floccosum과 T. rubrum 균사는 정상세포와 달리 세포막과 세포소기관이 파괴됨이 관찰되었다. 따라서 전나무 정유와 그 구성성분들은 높은 항진균 효과를 가지고 있기 때문에 피부염 치료제의 원료로 이용이 가능할 것이라 기대되며, 특히 ${\alpha}$-bisabolol의 우수한 항진균 활성에 주목할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2012

The antifungal activities of the essential oils from Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Abies holophylla, Larix kaempferi, Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa against Aspergillus fumigatus were evaluated. Essential oils were extracted from each conifer leaves for 8 h using water distillation method. The essential oil from A. holophylla appeared the strongest antifungal activity among the six oils with MIC value 0.125 mg/$m{\ell}$. The composition of the A. holophylla oil was analysed by GC/MS and then MIC was determined for main constituents of the oil. As the results, borneol and ${\alpha}$-bisabolol, which have a hydroxyl group, showed effective antifungal activities against A. fumigatus (0.25 mg/$m{\ell}$). In addition, the synergistic antifungal effects were observed in the combination of borneol and ${\alpha}$-bisabolol.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권2호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2012

본 연구는 허베이 스피리트호 유류유출사고 이후 일반 국민의 환경의식과 환경보호를 위한 실천행동수준 분석을 통해 보호지역 관리정책 수립을 위한 기초자료를 도출하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2011년 5월부터 6월까지 5대 광역시(서울, 부산, 대구, 대전, 광주)에서 일반 국민 987명을 대상으로 현지조사를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 태안해안국립공원을 유류유출사고로 인한 피해복구지역으로 인지하거나, 자원봉사활동, 환경보호 및 보존 단체 및 교육프로그램에 참여한 경험 등과 같은 환경적 관심이 있을수록 환경에 대한 긍정적이고 적극적인 태도를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 생물학적 보전과 이용의 균형을 고려한 보호지역 관리에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2016

Omega-3 rich fish oils are extremely labile, thus requiring control of oxidation and off flavor development. A recently proposed emulsification method, layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition, was found to be a plausible method to enhance the characteristics of bioactive ingredients, especially lipids. The present work was designed to test the possibility of enhancing the uptake and utilization of omega-3 fatty acids present in fish oil. The bioavailability of nano-emulsified fish oil was monitored in terms of intestinal absorption as well as skin permeability by using the everted intestinal sac model and Franz cell model. The skin permeability and intestinal absorption characteristics was significantly improved by LbL emulsification with lecithin/chitosan/low methoxypectin. Multilayer encapsulation along with nano-emulsification can be a useful method to deliver biologically active lipids and related components, such as fish oil. The protective effect of this tool from lipid oxidation still needs to be verified.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.522-528
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• 2020

To achieve the clean and efficient utilization of low-rank coal, the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of chars from low-temperature and fast pyrolysis in a horizontal tube furnace were investigated in a TG-MS analyzer. According to the results, the combustion characteristic of chars was poorer than its parent coals. The temperature range of gaseous product release had a good agreement with that of TGA weight loss. Gaseous products of samples with high content of volatile were released earlier. The NO and NO₂ emissions of chars were lower than their parent coals. Coals of high rank (anthracite and sub-bituminous) released more NO and NO₂ than low rank coals of lignite, so were chars from coals of different ranks. SO₂ emissions of char samples were lower than parent coals and did not show obvious relationship with coal ranks.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.597-603
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• 2020

Red ginseng marc (RGM) has been used on primary industries using fertilizer or forage, and it mostly has been dumped. To improve utilization of RGM, the biological activities of RGM were examined. RGM was extracted and fractionated using various solvents and their biological activities were compared. The hexane fraction from the methanol extract of RGM (RGMMH) showed strong anti-cancer activity (58.56 ± 6.04% at 100 ㎍/mL) and anti-inflammatory effect (65.72 ± 1.33% at 100 ㎍/mL). But, oil extract of RGM extracted with hexane (RGMH) showed low activities (anti-cancer: 16.42 ± 3.33%, at 100 ㎍/mL, anti-inflammatory activity: 29.46 ± 2.10%, at 100 ㎍/mL). Their metabolites were analyzed using HPLC. Panaxydol known as anti-cancer compound of RGM was one of major compounds in RGMMH. Meanwhile, panaxydol was detected in trace amount in red ginseng marc oil (RGMH). In addition, RGMMH and RGMH showed big differences in HPLC profiling. This research suggests optimal extraction method of RGM oil.