• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.102-111
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• 1997

For rational agricultural land use planning, it is quite necessary to get hold of land suitability precisely and to make decision on land use patterns accordingly. In the methodological viewpoint, objective and scientific evaluation techniques for land suitability classification should be supported for the systematic land use planning. As one of technical development approaches to rational land use planning, this study tried to frame a land suitability evaluation system for agricultural purposes. Evaluation unit is defined as a tract of land bounded by road, other land units and topographical features. And quantification theory was applied in the determination works of evaluation criteria. The administrative area of Namsa-myon(district), Yongin-si(city), Kyunggi-do(province) was selected for the case study. In order to check the feasibility of the evaluation system developed in the study, field check team, consisting of 2 government officers and 2 representative farmers, carried out evaluation works by observation on 148 sample land units, 10% of total 1,480 ones. Between estimated and observed results, there showed very good relationship of its multiple correlation coefficient, R=0.9467.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to improve the quality of fundamental nursing practice course. Methods: Participants were 132 students who took the fundamental nursing practice course at D university in N city. The study included processes of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program and qualitative data were evaluated through content analysis. Results: The 12-step designing college courses model by Fink was applied in the planning. In the acting stage, the course was conducted according to the instruction in designing the course, students wrote reflective journals and the professor gave feedback to the reflective journal and the class observation journal was used for lessons. In the observation stage, the course evaluation was surveyed and analyzed, evaluations were positive with 47.1% of students positively evaluating the teaching strategy. In the reflecting stage, outcomes in course improvement were reflected on and, the number of students at the lower level-of-achievement decreased. Conclusion: Action research was a useful research method that could capture the quality improvement process in college courses. Expression of effort and passion to improve quality of education through action research in various ways and to share quality improvement strategies for nursing education are important.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.35-46
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• 1999

The most of elementary school science textbook contents are composed of observation and experiment activities. When students study natural phenomena, observation and experiment are st rongly emphasized to improve understanding of scientific concepts and inquiry abilities. The purpose of this study is deep understanding about experimental science classes. This ethnographic study is conducted by observations of experimental science classes in natural setting and interviews of teachers, students of the 5th grade. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, the general process of the elementary science experimental classes is 'identifying learning purposes -1 planning experiments -1 predicting the results -1 experimenting-t summarizing the results.' The experiments are conducted by group activities and the teachers conceived that the me st difficult step considered by students is 'planning experiments'. Second, students like hands-on activities, but they feel difficulty on less guided experiments. Students perform results oriented-activities. Third, in group activities, students prefer to work with the same gender or collaborative peers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.16-26
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• 2008

This study investigates the results of planning high school facility in accordance with the scope of the 7th educational curriculum by employing user satisfaction methodology. A high school in On-Yang, built recently to fulfill the objective of the curriculum was investigated in detail. Structured interview survey on both students and teachers were done while observation of the entire facility was carried out at the same time. Based on analysis of the interview and the observation, questions were developed, and subsequently questionnaire surveys, focused on how satisfied the students were regarding the school facility and what improvements could be made, were completed. The findings suggest that the degree of variation in planning class room should be employed considerably, as well as the efficiency of route among the facility blocks. Aspects of the other planning factors such as storey height, location of doors and windows, and equipments regarding the purpose of class room are additionally discussed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2011

This study is a part of the architectural planning to meet the military healthcare development project according to the Korea national defense reform 2020. At this time, it is intended to identify the overall issues and to set the improvement directions of military hospital planning. Literature reviews, such as military healthcare development project, Korea national defense reform 2020, etc., and case studies for the advanced foreign military hospitals and several Korean private hospitals is analyzed. And also, field surveys, such as questionnaire collections for patients and workers, interviews with surgeons and department officials, and observation survey were conducted in order to be realistic improvement suggestions for military hospital planning issues.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.59.2-59.2
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• 2021

On March 6 2021, Apophis made a close approach to the Earth with a minimum distance of 0.11 AU when the apparent magnitude reached up to V~16. This was the most favorable condition to observe this asteroid until its 2029 encounter. The observations during this apparition were extremely important to determine major physical properties, such as size, rotational state, 3D shape model, surface mineral properties. So, we organized the observation campaign during the 2021 apparition. The main goals of our campaign are to refine the spin state and 3D shape model and check the surface composition variations. The campaign involved dozens of countries and included ground-based photometry and spectroscopy, and spacecraft observations. Our timely observation campaign will provide essential data in planning the operation scenario for the space mission. In this presentation, we will report the preliminary result of the Apophis observation campaign during the 2021 apparition.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.689-698
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• 2019

Air pollution in urban areas has become a serious problem in the recent years. Especially, high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) cause negative effects on human health. Several studies suggest urban forest as a tool for improving air quality because of the capability of forests in reducing PM concentrations through deposition and adsorption using leaf area. For this reason, the National Institute of Forest Science plans to install in-situ observation stations for PM and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on a national scale to verify the net effect of forests on urban air pollution. To measure the quantitative change of PM concentrations due to the urban forest, stations should be located within and outside the forest area with respect to atmospheric circulation. In this study, we analyze the wind direction at the potential measurement sites to assess suitable locations for detecting the effect of urban forests on air quality in five cities (i.e. Gwangju, Daegu, Busan, Incheon, and Ilsan). This technical note suggests effective locations of in-situ measurements by considering main wind direction in the five cities of this study. A measurement station network created in the future based on the selected locations will allow quantitative measurements of PM concentration and BVOCs emitted from the urban forest and help provide a comprehensive understanding of the forest capabilities of reducing air pollution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2009

Community facilities in most rural villages have many problems in the aspect of their size or functions as well as they are generally too superannuated to support diverse community activities; which results in a low degree of inhabitants' satisfaction with community facilities, and inconvenience for using them. Therefore, it may carefully be said that it's time to need the established studies that are necessary with consider to community facilities which can reflect inhabitants' diverse activities. In this study, 5 places which the most common events among the major monthly events of total 25 rural villages were held were selected as the subject place for survey; and then investigated, by means of the participant observation method, the using behavior of inhabitants who used community facilities. Focusing on size, factors, and layout that were being faced by community facilities in most rural villages, This study investigated the number of users, the characteristics of traffic line and behavior, and the using behavior by group; through considering their correlation with the physical setting of community space, it deduced the problems of use; and it proposed the direction of improvement on the basis thereof. Therefore, this study will serve in the future as useful basic materials for designing a rural village's community facilities in consideration of size, factors and layout which can appropriately support inhabitants' community activities.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.109-116
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• 2003

The space planning and interior layout of recovery unit should be determined carefully for patient's nursing and observation which is considered to prevent infection and to cope quickly with emergency situation after surgical operation. Recently, the recovery unit in medical facilities is planned and managed without consideration of operating system, sanitary facilities and prior condition of space. Therefore, there is required to the logical criterion of architectural planning for patient's recovery unit which is concerned about opinion of medical team, anesthetist, sanitarian, architect and patient as a user. As the result, this study would apply to design guideline for the architectural planning of patient's recovery unit.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.196-202
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• 2024

The ability to understand given environments and plan a sequence of actions leading to goal state is crucial for personal service robots. With recent advancements in deep learning, numerous studies have proposed methods for state representation in planning. However, previous works lack explicit information about relationships between objects when the state observation is converted to a single visual embedding containing all state information. In this paper, we introduce graph-based state representation that incorporates both object and relationship features. To leverage these advantages in addressing the task planning problem, we propose a Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based subgoal prediction model. This model can extract rich information about object and their interconnected relationships from given state graph. Moreover, a search-based algorithm is integrated with pre-trained subgoal prediction model and state transition module to explore diverse states and find proper sequence of subgoals. The proposed method is trained with synthetic task dataset collected in simulation environment, demonstrating a higher success rate with fewer additional searches compared to baseline methods.