• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.534-544
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the fast food consumption patterns classified by age in Busan. The survey was conducted from October 15 to November 15, 2006 by questionnaires and data analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: Forty one point five percent of the elementary group, 40.5% of the high school group, 24.1% of the 30's, 35.0% of the 40's and 18.1% of the 50's took fast foods over once a week. Seventy two point five percent of the elementary group, 61.5% of the high school group, 16.8% of the 30's group, 10.0% of the 40's, and 14.6% of the 50's preferred fast foods. There was a significant difference in the basis for selecting menus among the groups. The most important basis for selecting menus was 'price' in the elementary group and the high school group, but was 'preference' in the adult groups. As their age increased, they spend more money for fast food. Forty six percent of the elementary group and 49.5% of the high school group, 32.1% of the 30's, 36.5% of the 40's, 34.7% of the 50's thought that fast food can substitute for a meal. The age affected significantly the substitutability for the meal of the fast food (p < 0.001). In the high school group, the ratio of skipping breakfast is higher than in the other age groups. Dietary attitude has direct effects on the preference of the fast foods. Nutrition knowledge, degree of unbalanced diet and obesity rate have direct and indirect effects which were mediated by dietary attitude. Nutrition knowledge showed the greatest total causal effect in relation to the preference of the fast foods. Therefore, nutrition education for the subjects is needed to encourage them to choose more nutritious food and have healthier dietary pattern.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2015

Objectives: Shape of face has relations with body shape and body weight in the Korean medicine. We investigated a correlation between a body mass index (BMI) and Dam-Bangkwang Body of Hyung-Sang medicine. Methods: The subjects were 244 adults aged from 45 to 64. A facial shape diagnostic equipment was used to classify Bangkwang Body or Dam Body. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS program to compare the correlation of BMI in each group. Results: We measured BMIs of the subjects who have Dam Body or Bangkwang Body which ranges were $22.53{\pm}2.83$ and $24.43{\pm}2.90$, respectively. The BMIs of Dam body subjects were significantly higher than those of Bangkwang Body subjects statistically (P<0.001). In order to verify our hypothesis, we also speculated BMIs of the obese with a BMI over 25. The BMIs of Bangkwang Body subjects were also higher than those of Dam Body subjects (P=0.001). With the width of the face of all subjects, we found that Bangkwang Body subjects whose the width of the face was relatively long had higher levels of BMI and obesity than Dam Body subjects whose height of the face was relatively long. Conclusions: The BMI of the Bangkwang Body is statistically higher than the Dam Body.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.306-313
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• 2012

남녀 대학생의 스트레스 정도와 식생활관리조사(I)에서는 조사대상자의 일반적 특성, 체중, 신장, BMI, 조사대상자의 성별에 따른 BMI에 의한 비만도, 스트레스를 받는 정도와 지속성, 스트레스를 받는 경우 음식섭취에 관한 사항, 스트레스의 원인과 해소방법에 대해 조사하였다. 연구 (I)에 이어 본 연구에서는 조사대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 스트레스 시 선호하는 음식 맛과의 관계, 스트레스 해소를 위해 음식 섭취 후 느낌과의 관계, 스트레스와 생활 습관의 관계, 스트레스와 성격과의 관계, 스트레스와 비만도(BMI)의 관계에 대해 조사하였다. 스트레스 시 선호하는 맛은 매운 맛과 단맛이며 스트레스 해소를 위해 음식 섭취 후 느낌은 조사대상자의 연령, 전공, 한 달간 사용 용돈에 따라서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수면과 건강상태가 나쁠수록 스트레스가 심하고 운동량, 흡연량, 음주량, 평소 건강에 대한 관심에 따른 스트레스 정도에도 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 성격이 급할수록 스트레스 정도가 심하며 비만도에 따른 스트레스 정도에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 대학생들의 스트레스 관리를 위한 올바른 식생활과 생활태도 실천에 대한 영양교육이 요구된다.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2011

This study surveys the state of 'children's snacks' sold within the Green Food Zone and that of High Calorie Foods with Low Nutrition Value (HCFLNV). The main purposes are the analyses of foods in accordance to KFDA Program for HCFLNV and an analysis of differences in HCFLNV that are dependent on relevant factors such as food types, school types, origins, the scale of manufacturing company, area and price. Based on the analyses, educational and political implications have been sought that will form nutritious dietary habits, contribute to the prevention of obesity, and improve health in child consumers. The methodologies of this study are literature studies and surveys. The results of this study can be summarized as following. First, the number of children's snacks is 517 items of total 645 gathered within 150 Green Food Zones. Candies are the most popular item, next are cookies, chocolates, and breads. Second, in the real state survey there are 186 HCFLNV (36.0%) among children's snacks sold within Green Food Zone. Based on the survey results, the marking of HCFLNV on the package of children's snacks and the extension of the ban of HCFLNV sales to all stores within the Green Food Zone are strongly suggested. This provides preliminary data related to children's snacks and food safety. With enforcement of the Special Act on the Safety Management of Children's Dietary Life, the rate of HCFLNV has decreased and the child snack product environment in stores has improved. However, it is necessary to supervise low-priced snacks and promote an awareness of HCFLNV along with the child consumer education of food safety is needed.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2013

본 증례에서는 절식치료 중인 환자에 있어 글리세린 관장을 실시한 직후 발생한 허혈성 대장염 1례에 대해 고찰하여, 관장으로 인한 장관 내압 상승, 상온의 체온보다 낮은 관장액으로 인한 혈관 경련, 선택적 세로토닌 재흡수 억제제에 의한 출혈 경향 증가 및 글리세린 용액의 화학적 삼투작용으로 인한 점막 손상 가능성 등을 제시하였다. 관장으로 인한 이와 같은 부작용을 예방하기 위하여 임상의들의 주의가 요구된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2013

This study was conducted to obtain data and offer advice regarding dietary intake at kindergarten and to recommend dietary habits to prevent childhood obesity. The study was conducted in 85 children aged 4 to 5 years. Body weight and height, dietary intakes of lunch served at Kindergarten and questionnaires for dietary behaviors in Kyeongnam area were studied. All subjects were classified by their weight-length index (WLI). According to the standard WLI values, 41.2% of the children were within the normal value ($90{\leq}$WLI<110), 23.5% of the children were overweight ($110{\leq}$WLI<120), and 35.3% of the children were obese ($WLI{\geq}120$). The mean energy intake at lunch for kindergarteners was $287.1{\pm}13.4$ kcal in the normal group, $307.6{\pm}10.2$ kcal in the overweight group and $323.7{\pm}8.6$ kcal in the obese group. The percent energy of estimated energy requirement (EER) was 21.8%. The intake of protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, and pyridoxine were significantly different by WLI (P<0.05). A comparison of nutrients in the lunch menu provided with those of 1/3 recommended intake (RI) showed that preschoolers took in fewer calories, calcium, and vitamin $B_2$, and that their deficiency rates were high (81.2%, 76.5% and 70.6% of recommended levels, respectively). There was a significant difference in the preference of fruits and milk and dairy products by WLI. Therefore, a nutritional education program and new guidance in the proper nutrition management for kindergarteners should be developed to enhance nutritional status during childhood.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2011

People with obesity or over-weight need nutritional intervention to reduce their weight, because weight loss reduces the incidence rate of chronic diseases such as hypertension, type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer in obese people. This study was to develop a system for individualized weight control program available both for wired and wireless internet users. This system is especially useful to users carrying wireless internet mobile device. If they input their physical information (height, weight and waist circumference) and mineral levels measured by hair tissue mineral analysis, the system provides evaluation of their health status and metabolic related functions such as endocrine and carbohydrate tolerance. Based on these evaluations, food menus are then offered to them to manage their health status and to improve their metabolic related physiological functions in a personalized way. The system also provides more information for recommended foods, such as nutritional information, food ingredients, recipes, and videos related to cooking. Bibimbap was selected as an example dish for customized contents for mobile web. Bibimbap is one of the most well-known Korean traditional dishes prepared with various kinds of ingredients including several different kinds of vegetables, meat, and egg so that it is a low calorie dish as well as a well-balanced diet. Therefore, this system developed in this study allows the mobile users to access web site through wired wireless internet everywhere and provides a customized content to the users to manage their weight and finally to achieve a desirable weight.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.500-511
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the anthropometric data, bone density, serum profiles, nutrient intakes and diet quality of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. For the study, we obtained data for analysis from the combined 2008~2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The height and weight were 157.8 cm and 58.7 kg in premenopausal women and 155.5 cm and 58.3 kg in postmenopausal women, respectively. The obesity rate was 27.49% in premenopausal women and 34.98% in postmenopausal women (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase in postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women (p<0.001). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 0.0~0.89% in premenopausal women and 0.48~13.22% in postmenopausal women (p<0.001). In postmenopausal women, rates of hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, depression, and diabetes were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women. Water, fat. ash, sodium, retinol, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin intakes in premenopausal women were significantly higher than those in postmenopausal women. Water, fiber, Ca, and, K intakes were below KDRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans) in both groups. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of premenopausal women was higher than that of postmenopausal women (p<0.001). The index of nutritional quality (INQ) in premenopausal women was also higher than that of postmenopausal women except iron and vitamin C. Therefore dietary guidelines and an education program should be developed for desirable improvement of health, bone density, nutrient status and dietary quality of postmenopausal women.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.219-231
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to collect basic data on the prevention of and education about diabetes mellitus for the nutritional management of a diabetes mellitus risk group. The study which took place in Kangbukgu, Seoul, involved a diabetes mellitus risk group (DMR $\geq$ 110 mg/dL, 61), of males and females, aged 36 to 68 years, and a group of healthy people as a control group ( < 110 mg/dL, 183), using luting blood sugar (FBS) levels. The proportion of people in the abnormal range was higher in the DMR than that of control group for total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C), total protein, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and creatinine. Particularly with respect to serum protein the proportion in the DMR in abnormal range (p < 0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control group. The proportion in the DMR with a family history of disease was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). Using body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and relative body weight (RBW), the obesity indices in the DMR was higher than that of the control group. Comparing the DMR and the control group with respect to dietary habits, it seems that the DMR had more undesirable dietary habits than the control group. When the intake of each nutrient for the DMR and the control group was compared to the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDA), the proportion of excess intake and deficient intake in the DMR was higher than that of the control group. The DMR showed a greater undesirable dietary intake pattern as compared to that of the control group, based on the RDA. With respect to the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) for quality estimation of the overall flood intake, the DMR showed a feater undesirable pattern than the control group. According to the above results, the DMR tended to have more undesirable eating habits when compared to the control group. Therefore, to provide a more efficient nutritional education program for the DMR we must conduct lurker studies on eating habits, so as to provide systematic nutritional management based on theme differences between the DMR and the control group.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.171-187
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of modified fasting therapy on body composition, blood cell count and blood chemistry in inpatients. Methods : The modified fasting therapy program consists of three phases, a period of reducing food intakes, fasting and refeeding. Body weight, body composition, and the degree of obesity were estimated in before fasting therapy and after refeeding. Blood cell count and blood chemistry were estimated in before fasting therapy, before refeeding and after refeeding. Results : After modified fasting therapy, body weight, body fat mass, percent body fat, body mass index(BMI), body matabolic rate(BMR) and muscle mass was decreased significantly. WBC count and platelet count decreased significantly, RBC count and hemoglobin increased significantly and hematocrit was not changed significantly but within normal limit. AST and ALT increased significantly, especially patients group over BMI 25 within normal liver function. This study was not founded correlation between decreased muscle mass and increased liver function test. ALP, BUN, Total-cholesterol, and triglyceride decreased significantly. Creatinine increased significantly, but within normal limit. Sodium was not changed significantly, potassium decreased significantly but within normal limit. Conclusions : These results suggest that modified fasting therapy will be beneficial if several measures complement.