• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.502-512
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• 2000

A survey was conducted on 222 students in two elementary schools in rural areas, one was a rural small city and the other was in the countryside. By measuring their skin-foldness in 4 spots by caliper, the body fatness of 5 grades(BFGr) of the subjects was resulted as follows ; 28.0% of boys and 6.7% of girls were classified as obese the and 34.1% of boys and 31.1% of girls as overweight. Comparing by region, children in the small city seemed to be fatter than the ones in the countryside(21.7% vs. 17.2% as obesity). Comparing by gender, boys were fatter than girls(28.0% vs. 6.7% as obesity). When recategorizing body fatness from 5 grades(BFGr) into 3 groups(BFGp) as overweight group(obesity+overweight), normal and underweight group(underweight+severe-underweight), we observed no significant difference in childrens dietary habits and food intake frequencies by BFGp. Overweight and underweight groups enjoyed snacking before dinner more frequently than the normal group(42.1-59.3% vs. 31.5%). The subjects showed poor nutrition knowledge score with relatively high attitude score about weight control and dietary behavior score was a little lower than the attitude score. Nutrition education programs, like camps, should stress on childrens nutrition knowledge. BFGp related to obesity attitude positive, a very low level and the latter related to diet, exercise and fasting attitudes at positive levels. Therefore overweight children seemed to be motivated easily. Also the higher the in exercise-value score, the more increased was shown in exercise attitude at positive, very low level. Emphasizing exercise-value in camp programs might make childrens exercise attitude more positive. As strategies for a rural obesity camp program are being developed by obese and non-obese children. The camp would be held over summer vacation for 3 days(2 nights) at the participants expence not exceeding 50,000 won. Contents of the program cover nutrition knowledge, and exercise-value as well as cooking lessons, exercise practice, and self-esteem enhencement.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.77-94
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the children obesity prevention program and to analyze how this program has an effect on students' degree of knowledge, attitude for obesity prevention. Methods: The study design was Compromise Experience Group Pre-Post Design. 238 students in the 4th and 5th grade of 4 elementary schools in Seoul were nonrandomly assigned to the study group(n=115) or the control group(n=113). The Program was applied for 3 times and surveys were conducted 2 times as pre-test and post-test. Results: 1. The obesity prevention CD-ROM was developed by analyzing of learners and educational facilities, selecting the study object and contents and producing educational methods and materials. The study contents were included definition, types, factors and side-effects of obesity, and It was contained dietary habit, exercise and life style for obesity prevention and healthy life. 2. Demographic characteristics were not significantly different between study group and control group. Among the subjects investigated, 27.8% of the study group and 38.1% of the control group stated that they had experienced in the obesity prevention program in past. 3. The obesity knowledge and attitude score after this obesity prevention program were improved significantly than before the program(P<0.001). Conclusion: The CD-ROM developed in this study for the children obesity prevention program was proven to be effective in improving obesity knowledge, attitude for the obesity prevention.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.215-227
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a 12-week web-based obesity management program for elementary school students and to evaluate the appropriateness of the developed program from experts and users. Methods: The development of a web-based obesity management program proceeded through the stages of analysis, design, development, and evaluation. After the application of the web-based obesity management program, the evaluation of appropriateness were conducted for knowledge of obesity, obesity control behavior and satisfaction of the program. Collected data has been analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Results: The name of the program developed by this study is healthful weight management and its URL is http://ihealth.or.kr. There were 6 major menus and 18 sub menus including diet, exercise and behavior modification in this program. This study showed that this web-based obesity management program had high satisfaction for a system and increase knowledge of obesity and obesity control behavior for obese children. Conclusion: We expect the web-based obesity management program for elementary school students developed by this study will be able to lead the practice and participation of obese children and decrease the degree of obesity.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.312-319
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• 1999

This study was carried out to examine obesity and nutrition knowledge in male employees who had high educational background. The subjects in this study were 213 persons aged 20 to 40(52.6% among them were 20s) Ninety six percent of them graduated university. Most of them took exercise regularly and showed less smoking tends but drank frequently. Twenty two point one percent of the subjects had diseases specially gastrointestinal disease. anthropometric results were height:172.1cm; weight :70.5kg;BMI:23.8;fat mass:16.1kg; fat percentage :21.3% ;LBM :55.4kg ; and TBW : 40.9kg BMI and fat percent were used for screening obesity. According to BMI the normal group (20∼25) was 64.6% the oberweight group (25∼27) was 18.4% the underweight group (<20) was 9.9% and the obese group (>27) was 7.1% Based on fat percentage, the normal group (14%∼23%) was 58.5% the obese group(>23%) was 36.0% and the underweight group(<14%) was 6.5%. There was significant relationship be-tween age or marriage and BMI or fat percentage. But the rest of socio-dmographic and health-related factors didn't affect signifincantly. There was no difference in nutrition knowledge of subjects by obesity rate however obese group was more sensitive to the foods related to weight gain.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2008

Purpose: The objective of this study was to study the effect of the obesity control program to the extent of the overweight children's knowledge about obesity, physical exercise, dietary habits and the extent of obesity. Methods: A total of 61 elementary school children between the age of 9-12 were chosen for this study: 31 overweight children whose extent of obesity exceeded over 20% when measured using Broca index and other 30 overweight children of the same category for the comparison as a control group. The obesity control program made up of regular physical exercise for five days per week and a weekly diet education and consultation was implemented for the period of 8 weeks. Results: The knowledge about obesity, regular physical exercise, and diet habits were significantly improved after implementing the obesity control program, as compared to the control group. But the extent of obesity was not significantly decreased. Conclusion: These results suggest that the studies are needed to define factors of effective program and develop the effective program for decreasing the extent of obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.316-324
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behavior and nutritional knowledge related to sodium intake in high school students. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 400 high school students (200 boys) in Incheon, Korea. Survey data were analyzed according to gender and degree of obesity. The distribution of the degree of obesity was the highest in 231 normal weight individuals (57.8%), followed by 89 underweight (22.3%), 41 overweight (10.3%), and 39 obese (9.8%). The sodium-related undesirable dietary behavior score was 2.9 points out of 5 points. The detailed dietary behavior scores of 'I eat kimchi when I eat instant noodles or noodles' and 'I like dried fish with salt' were significantly higher in boys than in girls (p<0.05). It was found that boys consumed more frequently high sodium foods, such as pizza, hamburger, and hotdog than girls. According to the degree of obesity, the underweight group consumed more kimchi fried rice and potato chips frequently than the other groups (p<0.05). Preference for salty taste was not significantly different among the groups by gender and degree of obesity. Sodium-related nutritional knowledge score was 5.3 points out of 10 and which was significantly higher in girls or normal weight group than in boys or obesity group. These results suggest that nutritional education on sodium intake is needed because the nutritional knowledge of adolescents is relatively low. Moreover, intensive nutritional guidance is required, especially in boys or adolescents with undesirable degree of obesity.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of an obesity control program including rhythmical dance exercise, on body composition, knowledge about obesity, life habits and self-esteem among obese elementary school children. This program included obesity related health education and counseling based on behavior modification once a week, 1 hour-rhythmical dance class once a week and 40-minute jump rope classes twice a week for 8 weeks. Method: There were 29 students with obesity in the experimental and 28 in the control group. Participated was voluntary. The data were collected from April 16 to July 6 2007. $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test and t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Students in the experimental group showed significantly lower fat mass (t=-2.16, p=.036) and percent body fat (t=-2.93, p=.005) and significantly higher muscle mass (t=2.05, p=.045) and lean body mass (t=2.71, p=.009) than those in the control group. Knowledge of obesity increased significantly and eating habits changed significantly. But difference in exercise habits and self-esteem were not significant. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that an 8 week-obesity control program including rhythmical dance exercise is effective in decreasing body fat, increasing muscle mass and increasing knowledge of obesity in children who are obese.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.501-510
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary attitudes, nutrition knowledge, nutrient intake, eating-related characteristics of dancing major and non-major female university students. The survey was conducted from October 1 to November 10, 2003 by questionnaires and data analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: 25.5% of the underweight group, 53.6% of the normal weight group, 12.5% of the overweight group and 66.7% of the obese group had correct perception about their body image. Eighty-one point three percent of the dancing majors and 77.2% of the non-majors were concerned about weight control, and 71.3% of the dancing majors and 64.5% of the non-majors had weight control experiences. There were no significant differences in nutrition knowledge scores and dietary attitude scores between dancing majors and non-majors. There were no significant differences in ‘predisposition to obesity scores’ between dancing majors and non-majors, and the scores were low. ‘Predisposition to anorexia’ scores and ‘uncontrollable urges to eat’ scores were significantly higher in the dancing majors compared to the non-majors. Intakes of the nutrients were lower than those of the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), except vitamin C in the dancing majors. Intakes of calories, calcium and iron were lower than those of the RDAs in the non-majors. Dietary attitude was positively correlated with nutrition knowledge but was negatively correlated with ‘uncont-rollable urges to eat’. In the dancing majors, ‘predisposition to obesity’ showed significantly positive correlation with obesity rate and ‘uncontrollable urges to eat’ and was negatively correlated with nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude. In the non-majors, obesity rate showed positive correlation with ‘predisposition to obesity’ and ‘uncontrollable urges to eat’. Therefore proper nutritional education program and recommended dietary allowances are required for dancing majors to improve their nutritional status.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.759-768
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine differences in perception of weight management, balanced food intake, knowledge of obesity, and nutrition knowledge in university students. The average weight and height of male subjects were $175.0{\pm}5.7cm$ and $69.1{\pm}11.8kg$, whereas those of female subjects were $161.7{\pm}5.0cm$ and $51.7{\pm}6.9kg$, respectively. Average scores for balanced food intake were not significantly different between male and female students. The total number of correct answers for obesity knowledge was not significantly different according to gender, but four responses related with losing weight showed higher perception scores in females compared to males (p<0.05). The total number of correct answers for nutrition knowledge was not significantly different between males and females. The average BMI of male and female subjects were $22.5{\pm}3.44$ and $19.7{\pm}2.21$, respectively, ranged in normality. Self-evaluation of body shape was mostly in the normal or standard range in both males and females, but females showed a higher perception rate of chubby or fat than males. The percentages of interest in weight management was 36.0% in males and 50.8% in females, with higher interest in female subjects (p<0.01).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1491-1496
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the level of obesity awareness and to help to prevent and to treat obesity by examining the relationship between knowledge of obesity and life style. Methods : Of the students who were surveyed, 1514 answered seriously and were accepted as subjects for the study. The questionaire was anonymous and was filled in by the students themselves. Body mass index was used to compare and analyze the subjects according to gender and age, with 85 percentiles or lower as group one, 86-94 percentiles as group two, and 95 percentiles or higher as group three. Results : Among the boys, level of obesity-awareness was significantly higher(P<0.01) in the obese group than in the normal-weight group. Among the girls, there was no difference in the level of obesity-awareness among the groups(P=0.332). The knowledge of obesity between the groups was not significantly different in either boys or girls. As for the relationship between healthy eating habits and knowledge of obesity, there were no significant differences in either boys or girls. There was no significant difference between the habit of regular exercise and the knowledge level of obesity in either boys or girls. Conclusion : Although this was a localized study and the students were aware of the seriousness of obesity to a certain extent, there was no difference in knowledge of obesity between normal-weight students and obese students. Also, there was no relationship between knowledge of obesity and healthy eating habits or the presence/absence of regular exercises.