• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.111-123
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• 2023

In this study, quantitative analysis is attempted on data collected from Chilgapsan Observatory Star Park in Cheongyang-gun, Chungcheongnam-do. The aim of this experimental study in which quantitative analysis of the Astronomical Science Museum in Korea is conducted is to investigate its current situation and secure basic data. As of July 31, 2023, it has had 283,931 cumulative visitors in total. It had the largest number of visitors when it opened (2009 year), after which their number reduced steadily until the pandemic (COVID-19, 2020-2022). Recently, however, the number of visitors has increased. Generally, the number of visitors is highest in August (20.8%) and least in April (4.1%). The visit rate is higher on weekends (Saturday and Sunday) than on weekdays (Monday-Friday), and groups comprise only about 5.3% of the total number of visitors. Moreover, it can be confirmed that the number of visitors increases sharply during events. Finally, it was confirmed that the visit rate was unaffected by weather conditions. Considering these results, we propose the following strategies: 1) Establish a special program that reflects "the weekend effect." 2) Prepare a plan to attract group visitors during the weekdays using "the event effect." 3) Arrange alternative programs (e.g., experiential activities) that can be conducted indoors regardless of weather conditions. We think that our findings will help establish a roadmap for the direction the Astronomical Science Museum should take and aid in preparing a strategic foundation to preemptively respond to unexpected situations (e.g., pandemics).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.81-89
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• 2016

This study aims to understand the relationship between visitors and the degradation of natural resources in Bukhansan national park. We analyzed the trend of the number of visitors, destruction of natural resources and decrease of biodiversity per year. We further compared three types of trails, heavily-used trails and rarely-used trails and a trail with limited access, regarding the degree of destruction in the National Park through a field survey. Our result showed that increasing number of visitors had direct and indirect impact on the destruction of natural resources in the National Park. The direct impact came from visitors' excessive use of trails. Naturally, increasing number of visitors caused an immoderate use of natural resources. Physical degradation such as exposure of tree root, poor drainage of trails, trail erosion was more severe than other types of trails. Decreasing biodiversity or mild disturbance around trails is the indirect impact such as broken bough, worn-bark in rarely-used trails. Destruction scale greatly increased as the number of visitors increased. Real-named reservation system helped to prevent trails from degradation. Our result calls for the need of controlling the number of visitors to Bukhansan National Park to mitigate the degradation. We recommend dispersing visitors from the heavily-used trails to other trails and implementing real-named reservation system in the rarely-used trails for the effective management of the national park.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.266-274
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of visitors to the top of Seoseokdae in Mudeungsan National Park, in which visitors are concentrated, and their visiting patterns, thereby suggesting measures to manage the visitors. The number of annual visitors and the numbers of regional and seasonal visitors to Mudeungsan National Park, which affect the concentration of visits to Seoseokdae were analyzed using the data produced by an automatic digitizing device. A field study was conducted to examine the number of seasonal and periodic visitors to Seoseokdae and their visiting patterns. In 2015, the number of visitors was 2,563,651 and 83.9% of the visitors visited via the Jeungsimsa and Wonhyosa area that is near Gwangju City. This area is close to the Seoseokdae area and it is easy to hike between the areas. Therefore, there was an influx of most visitors to Seoseokdae into the Jeungsimsa and Wonhyosa area. In terms of seasonal visitors, the largest number of visitors came in the fall, followed by the summer, spring, and winter in order. However, the seasonal differences were not notable. There was no statistically significant correlation between the number of visitors and meteorological factors. This result may have been because Gwangju citizens frequently visit Mudeungsan regardless of period and weather. Visitors can get to Seoseokdae via the trails into Wonhyosa and Jangbuljae. A slightly larger number of visitors used the trail into Jangbuljae in the fall and winter, whereas a larger number of visitors used the trail into Wonhyosa in the summer. In general, there is a large influx of visitors into Jangbuljae, a strategic visiting point. However, a slightly larger number of visitors may have chosen the trail into Wonhyosa in the summer because they could hike under the shade of trees. In the summer, visitors stayed in Seoseokdae for a short time with a low level of crowdedness. On the other hand, in the fall and winter, visitors stayed in the area longer because they had lunch and rested. During the time, the number of momentary maximum visitors peaked, causing extreme crowdedness. Therefore, some visitors showed the visiting pattern of entering the grassland outside the designate zone. Because this behavior can damage the grassland on the top of Seoseokdae, which can lead to soil erosion, intensive visitor management may be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.581-597
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• 2017

In this study, we conducted a statistical analysis to see how visitors were satisfied through experiences at the Goseong Dinosaur Museum, which is a representative natural history museum in the Republic of Korea. As a result, during the last 10 years (2005-2014) the total number of visitors to the Goseong Dinosaur Museum was more than 3,410,000 persons. The maximum- and minimum number of visitors per year was more than 440,000 and 300,000 persons, respectively. The annual average number was more than ca. 340,000 persons. Among the visitors, the number of individual visitors was more than 2,800,000 persons (82.0%) and the number of group visitors was about 610,000 persons (18.0%). As a result of the monthly visitor analysis, the maximum number of visitors was about 530,000 persons in August while the minimum number of visitors was about 140,000 persons in February. The visiting patterns of the individual and group visitors were different. There were the largest number of the individual visitors in August and the smallest number of them in December, whereas the largest number of the group visitors in October and the smallest number of them in February. The visitor's residence was generally proportional to the geographical accessibility and the number of people in their residence. The results showed that the degree of visitor's satisfaction using Likert scale was relatively high with the score of 4.1. However, the visitors recommended that some facilities should be improved. Regarding the number of visits and the intention of revisit, 102 persons (53.1%) of 192 made a visit to the museum more than two times, and 178 persons (89.9%) of 198 visitors would like to visit the museum again. It is recommended that the results of this study be used in developing a long term-plan or for the Goseong Dinosaur Museum.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.227-234
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• 2011

The number of visitors and moving pattern were surveyed in Mudeungsan Provincial Park at all seasons from summer in 2008 to spring in 2009 at 16 points in 3 areas (Jeungsimsa district, Wonhyosa district and Jungmeorijae) for three days at each survey point. The estimated number of annual visitors to Mudeungsan Provincial Park was 2,789,924. The estimated number of visitors for entering the park through survey points was 1,864,623, the people just passing through the park by a vehicle was 832,070 and visitors using others than survey points was 93,231. There was a 2.8 times of difference in the number of visitors with a ratio of 74% of total visitors in Jeungsimsa district and 26% of that in Wonhyosa district. The result showed that the ratio of visitors who were headed for Jungmeorijae from Jeungsimsa district or Wonhyosa district was 34.1% of total visitors and 30.3% of these visitors were heading for the summit. The ratio of visitors who were heading for the summit such as Jangbuljae, Ipseokdae, Seoseokdae, Gyubong, etc. of Mudeungsan Provincial Park was 21.1% of total visitors.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.446-453
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• 2020

This study built a model to predict the daily number of visitors to 18 trails in the Taebaeksan National Park using the auto-counter system data to analyze the factors affecting the daily number of visitors to each trail and classified the trails by visitors' behaviors. Results of the multiple regression models with the daily number of visitors of the 18 trails indicated that the events, such as the National Foundation Day celebration of Snow Festival, affected the number of visitors of all of the 18 trails and were the most critical factor that determined the daily number of visitors to the Taebaeksan National Park. The long-holidays of three days or longer and other national holidays also affected the daily number of visitors to the trails. Precipitation had a negative impact on the number of visitors of trails where the intention of most visitors was for sightseeing or camping instead of hiking, whereas had no significant impacts on the number of visitors of trails where many visitors intended for hiking. It indicated that visitors who intended for hiking went ahead hiking even if the weather was poor. The effects of temperature had a positive effect on the number of visitors who intended for hiking but a negative effect on the number of visitor to the trails near Danggol Plaza where the Snow Festival was held in each winter, suggesting that the impact of the Snow Festival was the deterministic factor for trail management. Results of K-mean clustering showed that the 18 trails of the Taekbaeksan National Park could be classified into three types: those affected by the Snow Festival (type 1), those that have sightseeing points and so were visited mostly by non-hikers (type 2), and those visited mostly by hikers (type 3). Since visitor behaviors and illegal actions differ according to the trail type, this study's results can be used to prepare a trail management plan based on the trail characteristics.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.35-52
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• 2020

Purpose Local governments in each region actively hold local festivals for the purpose of promoting the region and revitalizing the local economy. Existing studies related to local festivals have been actively conducted in tourism and related academic fields. Empirical studies to understand the effects of latent variables on local festivals and studies to analyze the regional economic impacts of festivals occupy a large proportion. Despite of practical need, since few researches have been conducted to predict the number of visitors, one of the criteria for evaluating the performance of local festivals, this study developed a model for predicting the number of visitors through various observed variables using a machine learning algorithm and derived its implications. Design/methodology/approach For a total of 593 festivals held in 2018, 6 variables related to the region considering population size, administrative division, and accessibility, and 15 variables related to the festival such as the degree of publicity and word of mouth, invitation singer, weather and budget were set for the training data in machine learning algorithm. Since the number of visitors is a continuous numerical data, random forest, Adaboost, and linear regression that can perform regression analysis among the machine learning algorithms were used. Findings This study confirmed that a prediction of the number of visitors to local festivals is possible using a machine learning algorithm, and the possibility of using machine learning in research in the tourism and related academic fields, including the study of local festivals, was captured. From a practical point of view, the model developed in this study is used to predict the number of visitors to the festival to be held in the future, so that the festival can be evaluated in advance and the demand for related facilities, etc. can be utilized. In addition, the RReliefF rank result can be used. Considering this, it will be possible to improve the existing local festivals or refer to the planning of a new festival.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2020

With the increase in industrialization and urbanization, scarcity of space for leisure life has become an important issue. Opportunities such as natural scenery and ecological experiences provided by waterfront spaces around streams are fundamental factors in the development of the community and creation of a hydrophilic park. In the past, on-site surveys have been conducted using human resources to quantify the number of river visitors, but the accuracy of the results was not sufficient owing to limitations in expenses, manpower, space, and time. In this study, to overcome this problem, we estimated the number of visitors using the location information related to hydrophilic parks. The study areas were Samrak Ecological Park and Daejeo Ecological Park located downstream of the Nakdong River. We compared and analyzed the pattern of the visitors by using the large communication data and the visiting pattern based on GPS location information. The GPS location information is based on Google Popular Times and Kakao visitor data. When the GPS location data were used, the pattern for weekday and weekend visitors was clearer than when the large communication data were used. Therefore, it is expected to be similar to the result of GPS location information if the number of visitors is extracted under the condition of precision of pCELL size and residence time of 30 minutes or more when using future communication big data. In addition, if revisions such as the Personal Information Protection Act are made to extract more accurate data, by estimating the number of visitors based on GPS data, more accurate indicators of the number of visitors can be derived.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 1999

To analyze in detail the cognitive factors in the sense of place in Korea traditional temples and their occurrence and significance, the questionaring was conducted about the actual condition of visitor's using of and preference for Pulkuksa Temple as an object of the investigation. The result from the analysis of the visitors' sense of respective factors forming the image of the temple is as follows: 1. While the male visitors for outnumbered the female, the female visitors are more satisfied with the senses of the temple than male. The younger visitors are larger in number while the older visitors have the more satisfaction. It took the largest number of the visitors at least three hours to come to the temple. The most numerous are the visitors who came to the temple. The most numerous are the visitors who came to the temple by their own cars. The visitors are coming not only from the Kyunsang Provinces but from all over the country and they made a family trip to the temple. 2. 86 people among the questionees replied that the Tower stands best for Pulkuksa temple. The second largest number of the questionees replied that the main sanctuary does. The third largest number of the questionees replied that the natural environment does. 3. The visitors who came to the temple for sightseeing showed their highest preferences for each of the main sanctuary and the tower. The buddhist visitors also showed the same tendency as non Buddhist ones in their preference. 4. On the whole, the space factors such as buildings and scenes which represent Pulkuksa Temple are the towers such as Sukka Tower and Tabo Tower, the sanctuary buildings such as main sanctuary, the natural scenery such as Toham Mountain, and the steps such as Chungwun-Kyo and Paekwun-Kyo. 5. The potential factors to explain the structural characteristics of the scenery in Pulkuksa Temple are revealed to be a factor of overall valuation, of orderliness, of individuality and of comfortableness, through hypothetical. T.V was 54.1% and the orderliness of Sukkatap was highly evaluated in factor score analysis.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.255-264
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• 2006

This study started from the premise that the satisfaction of visitors in large-scaled design-related fair has co-relation with the environmental and contextual factors such as contents, lighting, the number and location of rest area, crowdedness, ventilation and circulation. The research was made in Seoul Living Design Fair 2005. 102 samples from 132 who answered to the questionnaire with likert-scaled and open questions were selected for the data, which were statistically analyzed through SPSS 12.0 program to explore the co-relation between the environmental factors and the satisfaction level of visitors. The findings showed that overall satisfaction level was in the middle of the scale, which means satisfied nor unsatisfied. The visitors showed relatively high satisfaction in the two factors-the contents of the fair and lighting system compared to the other factors such as the number and location of rest area, sign system, ventilation crowdedness and circulation. Even though the visitors had difficulties in circulation and showed various types in circulation, it did not seem to have a significant influence on the overall satisfaction level because it might be offset by the contents of the fair. Also, the visitors showed similar satisfaction level regardless of the type of circulation. It can be concluded that the main factors mentioned above should be considered to achieve higher satisfaction level and provide better environment in the large-scaled fair.