• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 1984

The peanut, unlike other plants, has three distinct steps in the reproductive process. These are the flowers, the peg and the fruit. This research was designed in the field to determine the difference of fruiting habit for each of plant types of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in peanut culture limiting region. Eight cultivars representing four plant types, i.e., Virginia, Spanish, Valencia and Shinpung types. Number of pegs per plant produced in order of Spanish, Valencia, Virginia, Shinpung, Virginia type. The Virginia small seed type produced the most pods per plant. The shinpung type showed more percentage of matured pod than other types and early pot-set habit. Distribution of mature pods for each of branch positions to total mature pods occupied 63% on two cotyledonary branchs, 34% on 3rd to 5th branchs, 3% on over 6th branchs. Shinpung type was considered more favorable plant type than other types for breeding of early maturing high yielding variety because of early pot-set and high percentage of mature pod.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-temperature during the reproductive growth period on the soybean growth and yield. Two soybean cultivars, Hwangkeumkong (HKK) and Pungsannamulkong (PSNK) were used in this study. By high-temperature treatment, plant height was increased in the two soybean cultivars, however, leaf area and dry weight were greatly reduced. Number of pod per plant was not changed by high-temperature treatment. However, number of seeds and 100 seed weight were reduced in two soybean cultivars. As compared with control, yield were decreased by 45% in both HKK and PSNK. It was also appeared that nitrogen contents in leaf, stem, and root of the HKK and PSNK were decreased by high-temperature treatment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 1970

1. Four soybean varieties in pure stand and mixtures were grown in 20 competition treatments of genotypes at within-row spacings of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 cm and were investigated in 10 characters for different genotypes. 2. Yield, weight of 100 seeds, height, number of branches, pods per plant, and seeds per pod were highly significant for within-row spacing treatment. 3. There was no spacing treatment effect for number of nodes and days to flower. Maturity did not respond equally in four varieties for spacing effect. 4. Fruiting period was influenced by spacing treatment. Height and number of branches were increased as within-row spacings were increased. Seed yield per area was increased oppositely. 5. Difference between fertilizing and non-fertilizing treatment was not significant in this experiment. At 80 cm spacing no competition effect occurred for yield. 6. In the competition effect, Kumkang Daerip was strong competitor ani Chungbuck Back and Shelby were weak competitors. 7. The within-row spacing of uniformity in roder to increase yield per area was proved as 20 cm in this study. 8. Oil percent was increased as spacings were increased and protein percent was as spacings were decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2022

Food productivity in North Korea is about 50% lower than in South Korea. In order to increase the productivity of major crops, it is necessary to develop early maturing, disease resistance, and high-yielding varieties and apply them early. Since the late 1990s, North Korea has been actively developing potatoes, rice and com as major food crops, and soybeans are considered important as a protein-supplying crop. Domestic cultivated varieties, which are expected to be most adaptable eco-climatologically, are mainly selected from soil with high nutrient soil. It is necessary to test separately for adaptability in low organic soil. So it is very necessary to apply technology to improve soil improvement through rotational crop selection in the middle and long-term. Therefore, this study was conducted to test the adaptability to low organic soils of domestic cultivars and to select varieties. In 2021 there are twenty two (22) varieties of soybeans were grown in low organic soil at the field of Chungbuk National University. This year twenty two (22) varieties of soybeans were also grown in low organic soil at the field of Chungbuk National University. Sowing was done on June 10, the planting distance was 70cm × 15cm, after opening the cotyledons fully, the soybeans were thinned and leaving two plants per hole. In addition, various types of growth characteristics and quantitative components were investigated to evaluate the adaptability to low organic soil of domestic varieties. This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics and quantitative components of soybean varieties grown in low organic soil. The flowering period of 22 varieties of soybeans was about 14 days from July 22 to August 4. The flowers of the beans were white, purple, light purple and the pubescence color was gray and brown where most of them were gray. The highest plant height was up to 130.4 cm and lowest was 20.3 cm, highest stem length was up to 119.5 cm and lowest was 15.3 cm. Highest first pod height (FPH) was up to 34.0 cm and lowest was 3.0 cm. Highest stem diameter was up to 15.76mm and lowest was 1.76 mm. Number of main stem nodes was up to 19 and at least 1. Number of branch was up to 10 and at least 0. The number of pod per plant was up to 121. Bacterial pustule has been spread in soybean field.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 1996

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro flowering and micropropagation of Gentiana scabra Bunge which had been used the cut flower, pot flower ornamental and medicinal plants. Flower bud formation was affected by GA$_{3}$ and kinetin. The optimum concentrations for flower bud formation was observed at 0.5 mg/l kinetin and GA$_{3}$ , while kinetin was favorable. More flowerings result from the interaction of GA$_{3}$ and kinetin at in a combination of 0.1 mg/l kinetin + o.1 mg/l GA$_{3}$, but the optimum concentration of GA$_{3}$ and kinetin was decreased. All concentrations of kinetin with 0.1 mg/l GA$_{3}$ or O mg/l GA$_{3}$ + 0.5 mg/l kientin reduced t (weeks needed for 50% plantlets). The plantlet growth was affected by GA$_{3}$ and kinetin during plantlet culture. More lateral shots and better shoot length per plantlet were obtained as GA$_{3}$ and kinetin concentration were increased up to 1.0 mg/l. The number of per plantlet was greater increased in MS medium containing GA$_{3}$ than kinetin. Interaction was exhibited at lower concentration with 0.5mg/l GA$_{3}$ and kinetin, but not in higher concentration with 1.0 mg/l GA$_{3}$ and kinetin. Higher pod diameter increased seed germination, while lower pod diameter was obtained from abnormal plantlet. MA medium containing 0.5 mg/l GA$_{3}$ significantly increased germination without regard to pod diameter.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2003

Agronomic characters of the 361 Korean adzuki beans(Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) collected in Korea were examined. Korean adzuki beans had predominantly up right growth habit types, followed by the intermediate types (15.3%) and the climbing types (6.9%). Round leaf type was the majority among the collections and followed by elliptical and xiphoid leaf type. Adzuki beans with yellow, light yellow and dark yellow flowers were 89.5％, 9.4％ and 1.1％, respectively. The 60.6% of the collections had red seeds and 26.9% had gray seeds. And collections with green seeds, white seeds mixed with gray spot, brown spots on red seeds, black spots on red seeds and dark gray spots on black seeds were also observed. Korean adzuki beans whose number of days from planting to flowering were 69∼75 days were the majority among 361 Korean adzuki beans. The number of days from flowering to majority were 41∼50 days and the number of days from planting to maturity were 111-120days. Adzuki beans having the stem length of 41-60 cm, the pod number per plant of 16-20 and the 100 seed weight of 8∼10 g were 50.2％, 40.2% and 30.5％ of collections, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.542-554
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• 2021

In this study, we cultivated 115 Soritae and 86 Yakkong black soybean landraces collected from ten different locations in Korea. Then, the variations of three yield components (one-hundred seeds weight (HSW), number of seeds per pod (SPP), and yield per plant (YPP)) and three anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C-3-O-G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D-3-O-G) and petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Pt-3-O-G)) were investigated according to landrace type and collection area. Both yield components and anthocyanin contents significantly varied between the soybeans demonstrating genetic differences. Soritae landraces had the highest average HSW and TAC, whereas Yakkong landraces displayed the highest average SPP irrespective of collection area. Relatively, Yakkong landraces from Gyeongsangnam-do (1697.29 mg/100 g) and Soritae landraces from Gyeonggi-do (2340.94 mg/100 g) had the highest average TAC. Principal component analysis clearly separated Soritae and Yakkong landraces. Moreover, TAC and C-3-O-G showed positive and significant associations in both Soritae (r = 0.972) and Yakkong (r = 0.885) landraces, while yield components showed negative or weak correlations with each other. Overall, ten landraces were identified as important resources owing to their high yield (>150 g/plant) and high level of TAC (>2300 mg/100g). This study could lay foundations to molecular level investigations and reinforce the use of Yakkong and Soritae landraces during cultivar development.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.218-221
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• 2011

A mungbean cultivar 'Juhyeon' (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) was derived from the cross between Keumseong and VC1834-4-B-2-B-3B-B at Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services (JARES) in 2009. 'Juhyeon' has an erect growth habit, heart leaflet, green hypocotyl, black and straight pod when matured, and dull green seed surface. The pod number per plant was 26, which was 8 more than check cultivar 'Owool'. The plant height and thousand seed weight were 66 cm and 47 g, respectively. This cultivar has field resistance to mungbean mottle virus, cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew, and lodging. The sprout yield was up to 18% more than that of the check cultivar. The average yield was 1.84 MT/ha, which was 6% more than the check cultivar.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.437-442
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• 2002

To breed high quality and yield peanut variety according to select the short flowering duration, fifteen germplasms (1 virginia,7 spanish,6 valencia types and var, Daekwang) were investigated the flowering habit and agronomic characteristics from 1998 to 1999. Emergence date of the selected short flowering duration germplasms (SPFGs) was earlier 1-3 days and middle or small seed than that of var, Daekwang. Main stem length was longer 57cm but the number of branches, pods, 100-seed weight, and pod weight per plant was reduced 25%, 23%, 42%, 46%, respectively, in SPFCs comparing to var, Daekwang. The flowering date in SPFGs was similar but the flowering duration was earlier 5-16 days than that of var, Daekwang (52 days). Varieties that flowered shorter duration than 50 days were 18.8% among the SPFGs. The number of total flowers in SPFGs was fewer 50% than that of var, Daekwang. The rate of flowering inhibition were 50-52% than that of var Daekwang. The frequencies of flowering duration (under 50 days) were 7.7% in virginia, 46.2% in spanish, 53.9% in valencia. The effect of shading treatment on rate of flowering inhibition were 11%, but number of branches and pods were reduced by 27-31% in valencia type compared to non-shade. Correlation coefficient was significant positively ($r=0.9314^*$ virginia, $r=0.9551^*$ spanish, $r=0.9551^*$ valencia) between the air temperature and flower number, The frequency of peg and pod number on 1st to 2nd nodes in SPFGs were more 3-12%, 21-26% than that of var. Daekwang. The rate of mature pods at 80 days after flowering were higher 12-17% than that of var, Daekwang (68%). Correlation coefficient was high significant negatively between date of first flower and flowering date, the ratio of mature pod.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 2015

Morphology and characteristics of floral organ in highbush blueberry cultivars were studied to select suitable cultivars of highbush blueberry for domestic cultivation. The stamen consists an anther and a tape-like hairy filament with well-developed trichomes. When the anther was opened, the wall of anther was not dehiscent, and pollen grains were discharged into two tubes. Pollen was mature tetrad type without being separated after meiosis (Late March). The number of pollen granules per anther was 400~1,300, the germination rate was higher in the cultivars having many pollen grains. Pistil was composed of five carpels and a shipper without separate part. The number of ovules per ovary was 39~67, therefore, the coefficient of ranged from 11.6 to 31.0%. The seed pod formation by combination of ‘Bluejay’ and ‘Sharpblue’ was higher in the cross-pollination than in the self-pollination.