Abstract
To breed high quality and yield peanut variety according to select the short flowering duration, fifteen germplasms (1 virginia,7 spanish,6 valencia types and var, Daekwang) were investigated the flowering habit and agronomic characteristics from 1998 to 1999. Emergence date of the selected short flowering duration germplasms (SPFGs) was earlier 1-3 days and middle or small seed than that of var, Daekwang. Main stem length was longer 57cm but the number of branches, pods, 100-seed weight, and pod weight per plant was reduced 25%, 23%, 42%, 46%, respectively, in SPFCs comparing to var, Daekwang. The flowering date in SPFGs was similar but the flowering duration was earlier 5-16 days than that of var, Daekwang (52 days). Varieties that flowered shorter duration than 50 days were 18.8% among the SPFGs. The number of total flowers in SPFGs was fewer 50% than that of var, Daekwang. The rate of flowering inhibition were 50-52% than that of var Daekwang. The frequencies of flowering duration (under 50 days) were 7.7% in virginia, 46.2% in spanish, 53.9% in valencia. The effect of shading treatment on rate of flowering inhibition were 11%, but number of branches and pods were reduced by 27-31% in valencia type compared to non-shade. Correlation coefficient was significant positively ($r=0.9314^*$ virginia, $r=0.9551^*$ spanish, $r=0.9551^*$ valencia) between the air temperature and flower number, The frequency of peg and pod number on 1st to 2nd nodes in SPFGs were more 3-12%, 21-26% than that of var. Daekwang. The rate of mature pods at 80 days after flowering were higher 12-17% than that of var, Daekwang (68%). Correlation coefficient was high significant negatively between date of first flower and flowering date, the ratio of mature pod.
선발된 단기개화성 유전자원의 개화 특성 및 농업적 형질을 구명하여 협실의 균일도 향상에 의한 상품가치가 높은 땅콩을 육성하고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 단기개화성 계통들의 출현기는 대광땅콩에 비하여 1-3일 빨랐으며, 개화기는 비슷하였으나, 개화기간은 대광땅콩이 52일인데 비하여 단기개화 계통들은 36-47일로써 5-16일이 짧았으며, 초형별로는 valencia type이 가장 짧았다. 2. 초형별 개화수는 virginia ＞ spanish ＞ valencia 순으로 적었으며, 40일 이하의 극단기개화 계통은 valencia type이 23%로 가장 많았다. 3. 초형별 차광에 따른 개화억제율은 대광땅콩의 63%에 비하여 valencia 43% ＞ virginia 35% ＞ spanish 10%순 이었으며, 농업적 형질별로 감소율은 valencia type이 가장 적었다. 4. 개화와 기상요인 상관정도는 온도와는 각 초형 공히 고도의 정의상관의 유의성이 있었으나, 일조시수와는 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 5. 초형에 따른 절위별 자방병 분포비율은 저위절(제1절과 2절)에서 virginia 97%, spanish 88%, ㅍ미두챰 93%로 대광땅콩의 85%에 비하여 3-l2% 높았으며, 절위별 착협 분포비율은 저위절(제1절과 2절)에서 virginia 100%, spanish 95%, valencia 96%로 대광땅콩의 74%에 비하여 21-26%높았다. 6. 개화 후 일수에 따른 성숙협 비율은 대광땅콩에 비하여 단기개화 계통들이 평균 12-17% 높았으며, 단기개화 계통들의 각 형질과의 상관은 개화시와 개화일수, 개화일수와 성숙협 비율과는 고도의 부 상관이었다.