• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2016

수학적 창의성을 함양하는 것은 최근 개정된 수학과 교육과정들에서 계속 강조해온 목표중의 하나이다. 그러나 일반 학생들을 대상으로 수학적 창의성을 함양하는 것에 관련된 연구는 아직 충분하지 않은 실정이다. 창의적인 인간의 육성을 표방하는 현실적 수학교육 이론은 일반 학생들을 대상으로 하는 수학적 창의성 교육에 시사점을 제공할 수 있음에도, 이에 대한 구체적인 논의가 이루어지지 않았다. 이 글에서는 수학적 창의성 교육의 관점에서 현실적 수학교육 이론을 재음미하여 공교육을 통한 수학적 창의성 교육의 방안을 모색하는 것에 목표를 둔다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수학화를 통해 수학적 창조를 경험하도록 할 수 있으며, 이 때 확실성을 추구하고 확실성을 창조하도록 기회를 제공할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 학생들이 상상에 의하여 현실이라고 느끼는 맥락에서 출발해야 수학적 창조의 기회를 제공할 수 있다. 셋째, 학생들이 모델링에 의하여 현실 맥락과 결합된 수학을 창조하도록 할 수 있다. 넷째, 모델링은 주어진 모델이 왜 모델인가를 이해하는 것, 곧 주어진 모델의 의미를 창조하는 것에서 출발한다. 다섯째, 사고실험에 의하여 국소적인 교수이론을 개발하고, 이를 적용한 후 개선하는 것이 수학적 창의성 교육의 연구방법으로 적합하다. 결론적으로, 수학적 창의성의 함양을 보통의 수학수업에서 일반 학생들을 대상으로 구현하는 데에 현실적 수학교육 이론에서 제안하는 모델은 적절하고 유용한 방안이 될 수 있다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제2호
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• pp.49-74
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• 2004

It has been frequently pointed out that the established art history with the stylistic and iconographic interpretations and monographic analysis is fallen behind the currency of modern art. Among those who claimed the crisis in the discipline of art history, there is a suggestion that the art historical study should be fostered by other factors in the fields of the humanities. The so called New Art History or 'visual Culture Studies' insists that art history has to be restructured to integrate the broader study of culture and society, and by now, such an opinion is not a novelty at all. One of the most significant yet overlooked elements that induced the new currency of art history is properties of contemporary art that conflict the traditional claim of art historians. Although the idea that art is not purely aesthetic but that it has many other functions has been brought up by the art historians, it was the artists that provoked such a perception. When Arthur C. Danto and Hans Belting proclaimed the End of Art and Art History in the 1980s, the concept of art has been changed radically through the avant-garde tendency of Modernism and a new pluralism of Postmodernism. One dominant concern that strikes art historians is to find a new approach to art, since the traditional method and goal of analysis for past art and past art history seem unavailable. The perplexity arising from the situation is intensified in the field of teaching art, especially for those who teach art history in art school. Basically art history is a pursuit of learning of art in history, and its purpose is to reconcile the present with the past and the future as well. Since Modernism, as it is confusing sometimes because it implies the present state, somehow art became considered 'tradition-less'. It does not mean that a work of art stands aloof from the past attainments, hut modern art imposed itself on a task seeking after the new for its own sake, turning its back on the tradition. And now in the era of Postmodernism, an historians face the requirement to revaluate the whole history of art including modernism. The necessity of art history in art education is indisputable, but methods and contents in the academic courses should he reexamined now. Because artists' concept of history and past art has been altered, and art history as a humanistic discipline can only maintain its identity through incorporation with art itself. Academics teaching art history, or, strictly speaking, past works of art and history, to the student in art school, confront with the need to rethink the object of art history and its meaning to the artists.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.351-360
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• 2011

1. Objective: This study was designed to analyze the characteristics of each Sasang constitutional type using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). 2. Methods: A total of 135 healthy subjects (age 19-30) participated in this study, consisting of 35 Soyang-type, 66 Taeeum-type, 30 Soeum-type, and 4 Taeyang-type subjects. A Sasang Constitutional Medicine specialist determined each subject's Sasang constitutional type based on the Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis (TS-QSCD) and comprehensive constitutional assessment. The subjects were also asked to complete the TCI. 3. Results: Among the four temperament dimensions, the Soyang- and Taeeum-type subjects showed significantly higher scores than the Soeum-type subjects in Novelty Seeking (NS). The Soeum-type subjects showed significantly higher scores than the Taeum- and Soyang-type subjects in Harm Avoidance (HA) (Soeum type > Taeeum type > Soyang type). The Soyang-type subjects showed significantly higher scores than the Soeum-type subjects in Reward Dependence (RD). The Soyang- and Taeeum-type subjects showed significantly higher scores than the Soeum-type subjects in Persistence (P). Among the three character dimensions, the Soyang-type subjects showed significantly higher score than the Taeeumand Soeum-type subjects in Self-Directedness (SD) (Soyang type > Taeeum type > Soeum type). The Soyang-type showed significantly higher scores than the Taeeum-type in Cooperativeness (C). 4. Conclusions: Differences in temperament and character were discovered across the Sasang constitutional types. The Sasang constitutional characteristics should be investigated in larger studies in the future. Similar studies could add to the growing knowledge of Sasang constitutional typology and contribute to a more accurate Sasang constitutional diagnosis.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Korean ADHD patients and the l/s polymorphism of serotonin transporter(5-HTTLPR). Methods : The study sample consisted of 189 Korean ADHD children diagnosed by Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version-Korean Version(K-SADS-PL), both parents of ADHD children, and 150 normal children. DNA were extracted from the blood of all samples, and genotyping was done. Based on the allele and genotype information, not only the case-control analysis between ADHD and normal children but also the family-based association test among ADHD children and their parents. Transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) were performed for family-based associated test(number of trio=113). The results of the clinical rating and neuropsychological tests were compared according to the l/s genotype of ADHD children. Results : In case-control analysis, there were no statistically significant difference of l/s gene polymorphism between ADHD and normal children in various kinds of analysis condition. In family-based association study, TDT failed to detect linkage disequilibrium between l/s gene polymorphism and ADHD in whole ADHD families. However, in the families of ADHD inattentive type only(number of trio=23), I allele was transmitted more preferentially in the proband with ADHD even if the number of families was small(${\chi}^2$=4.57, p=.032). In the analysis of the results from the clinical scales and neuropsychological tests in ADHD children, the score of the Novelty- Seeking of ADHD children with l/l genotype was significantly lower than with the other genotypes(F=3.15, p=.047), and that of Self Transcendence was significantly higher(F=4.25, p=.017). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest there were no significant genetic association between the 5- HTTLPR gene polymorphism and Korean ADHD.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.48-62
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• 2009

1. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical and psychological characteristics of each Sasang type groups which were classified by Sasang medicine specialist. 2. Methods: The subjects were 115 (85.2% of male) university students with $26.8\pm5.4$ yrs. of age and $12.9\pm1.7$ yrs. of education. We can get 30 of Soyang type, 39 of Taeeum type, 46 of Soeum type after the Sasang type classification. Their physical characteristics were measured with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (Inbody 720, Biospace, Seoul), and psychological characteristics with Temperament and Character Inventory (Maumsarang, Seoul). The general linear model (SPSS 12.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago) were used for the analysis with gender and age as covariance. 3. Results and Conclusions: Taeeum type group ($75.64\pm13.01$, $26.12\pm4.16$, $15.74\pm2.42$, $11.30\pm1.80$, $3.93\pm0.62$, $18.43\pm7.70$) showed significantly bigger weight, intra-cellular water, extra-cellular water, protein, mineral, body fat mass than Soeum type group ($61.32\pm8.56$, $22.54\pm3.87$, $13.70\pm2.15$, $9.74\pm1.68$, $3.35\pm0.51$, $10.79\pm3.97$). In obesity degree such as Body Mass Index and Waist-hip ratio, and circumference measures in chest, waist and hip, we found significant differences in the order of Taeeum>Soyang>Soeum. As a psychological perspectives Soyang type group ($41.90\pm13.32$) has higher NS (Novelty-Seeking) score than Soeum type group ($35.22\pm11.22$) with marginal significance (p=0.052). In sub-scale measurements Soeum type group ($10.61\pm3.69$) has significantly lower value than other two groups in P3 (Ambition). The results of present study showed that Taeeum type by specialist has same physical characteristics as previously reported QSCC II based studies. Temperament profile of each Sasang type group will serve as an important evidence for further study showing that the Sasang typology has biological basis.

• 정보화정책
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.46-62
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• 2012

본 연구는 개인 수준에서는 심리적 요인(성격, 자존감, 혁신성향, 이용 동기 등)을 중심으로 사회적 수준에서는 미디어 영향 및 준거집단의 영향, 사회적 이미지 등을 중심으로 SNS 이용 집단을 판별할 수 있는 가를 살펴본 것이다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이용 집단과 비이용 집단을 구분짓는데 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령 집단, 준거집단 영향, 자기효능감, 스마트폰 이용 여부 순으로 나타났다. SNS 이용자 집단은 연령대가 낮고, 자기효능감이 높으며, 스마트폰을 이용하는 집단으로 준거집단의 영향을 받아 이를 이용하고 있다. 둘째, 단독적으로 SNS를 이용하는 이용자 집단은 내향적 성향을 지녔고, 두 개 이상의 사이트를 이용하는 이용자 집단에 비해 '전문적 지식 검색 및 표현'의 동기가 낮고, 혁신 추구 성향과 자기효능감 등 개인의 혁신 성향이 낮았다. 셋째, 페이스북이나 트위터를 이용하는 집단은 싸이월드만을 이용하는 집단에 비해 혁신 추구 성향 및 자기효능감 등의 개인의 혁신성향이 높게 나타났고, '전문적 지식 검색 및 의견 표현' 동기가 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 싸이월드만을 이용하는 집단의 특징을 종합적으로 살펴보면 '친교 및 관계유지'의 동기가 높다는 것을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 여러 가지 SNS를 이용하게 되는 이유는 개인 성격이나 혁신 성향과 연계되어 있으며 싸이월드와 같은 국내 SNS 이용은 기존 관계 유지 차원에서 이루어지는 것을 살펴보았다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

1. Objective There has been a few trials to diagnose Sasang Constitution by using EEG, but has not been studied intensively. For the purpose of practical diagnosis, the characteristics of EEG for each constitution should be studied first. Recently it has been shown that Sasang Constitution might be related to harm avoidance and novelty seeking in temperament and character profiles. Based on this finding, we propose a visual stimulation method to evoke a EEG response which may discriminate difference between constitutional groups. Through the experiment with this method, we tried to reveal the characteristics of EEG of each constitutional groups by the method of event-related potentials. 2. Methods: We used facial visual stimulation to verify the characteristics of EEG for each constitutional groups. To reveal characteristic in sensitivity and latency of response, we added several levels of noise to facial images. 6 male subjects(2 Taeeumin, 2 Soyangin, 2 Soeumin) participated in this study. All subjects are healthy 20's. To remove artifacts and slow modulation, we removed EOG contaminated data and renormalization is applied. To extract stimulation related components, normalized event-related potential method was used. 3. Results: From Oz channels, it is verified that facial image processing components are extracted. For lower level noise, components related to the visual stimulation were clearly shown in Oz, Pz, and Cz channels. Pz and Cz channels show differences among 3 constitutional groups in maximum around 200 msec. Especially moderate level of noise looks appropriate for diagnosis. 4. Conclusion: We verified that the visual stimulation with facial emotion might be a good candidate to evoke the differences between constitutional groups in EEG response. The differences shown in the experiment may imply that the process of emotion has distinct tendencies in latencies and sensitivity for each consitutional group. And this distinction might be related to the temperament profile of consitutional groups.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.89-107
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• 2013

기업영재에 대한 연구는 최근 새롭게 떠오른 분야로 날로 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업영재의 선천적 특성과 후천적 성격을 구분하여 측정함으로써 청소년 기업영재의 기질 및 성격 표준형을 제안하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 2010년과 2011년 두 해에 걸쳐 특허청 및 한국발명진흥회에서 선발 육성하는 '지식재산기반 차세대영재기업인'으로 선발된 중학생과 고등학생 총 246명의 JTCI 수치를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 기업영재는 모든 기질 및 성격 척도에서 동일 학교급의 일반 청소년집단과 구분되었으며, 그 특성은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 기업영재의 표준적 특성으로 기질적 낙천성과 성격적 성숙함을 확인하였다. 둘째, 기업영재는 기질적인 단점을 보완하고 장점을 강화하는 등 적응적인 측면에서도 일반 청소년들보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 기업영재는 과학영재집단 및 성적우수집단, 그리고 고지능집단과도 차별화됨으로써 하나의 독특한 영재집단으로 구분될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 논의에서는 이 연구가 기업영재 및 창의적 인재 개발 분야에서 갖는 함의와 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.167-184
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• 2021

Objectives: Operational definition and its validated measure of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) are pivotal for research studies and reliable clinics. There have been ten years of clinical studies on Eum-Yang (Yin-Yang) and Sasang typology using Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) of integrative biopsychology. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review on the use of SPQ to provide insights and foundation for its further studies and clinical application. Methods: Clinical studies on SPQ were searched using five domestic and foreign research databases. Attained research articles were then subjected to predefined systematic reviews. Demographic characteristics of participants and research topics of articles were described. Psychological and physical features of SPQ and its subscales were reviewed and compiled to reveal biopsychological characteristics. Results: There were 33 articles with 15,085 participants on Eum-Yang (n=19) and Sasang typology (n=14). The SPQ-total score was in an increasing order of So-Eum, Tae-Eum, and So-Yang. Eum-Yang groups were categorized at a 3:4:3 ratio using %ile score of SPQ-total. The SPQ-total showed a significant positive correlation with Novelty-Seeking and a negative correlation with Harm-Avoidance in psychological perspective, while it was not significantly correlated with Body Mass Index or Ponderal Index in physical perspective. The SPQ-total and subscales explained psychopathological characteristics of stress recognition, negative emotion, problem behavior, and depression. Conclusions: The SPQ was found to be an objective biopsychological measure of TKM for Sasang typology and psychopathology. It would provide foundation for 'Korean Psychology' and multidisciplinary studies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.439-452
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 확률형 아이템과 게임 과몰입과의 관련성을 살펴보기 위해, 확률형 아이템을 성능 확률형과 치장 확률형, 그리고 비확률형 아이템을 사용하는 세 집단으로 구분 후, 집단간 게임 과몰입을 포함한 변인들의 차이를 살펴보고, 게임 과몰입에 영향을 미치는 인구통계학적, 심리사회적 변인이 무엇인지 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 게임 이용률이 가장 높은 20대를 대상(N=413)으로 인구통계학적 변인(연령, 성별), 게임 과몰입, 게임시간, 게임이용비용, 확률형아이템이용비용(이하 확률형이용비용)을 측정하고, 심리사회적 변인은 기질 및 성격, 인지정서조절, 스트레스를 Cloninger의 기질 및 성격 검사, 인지적 정서조절전략 척도, 일상생활 스트레스 척도를 사용하여 각각 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 게이머의 2/3가 확률형 아이템 게임을 즐기는 것으로 나타났으며, 여자의 비율이 남자의 비율보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아이템 유형에 따라 구분한 세 집단 간에는 게임 과몰입, 게임시간, 게임이용비용, 확률형이용비용에서 유의미한 차이가 관찰되었다. 셋째, 게임 과몰입에 영향을 미치는 변인은 게임이용비용, 게임시간, 부적응적 인지정서조절, 스트레스, 자극추구 기질과 연대감 성격으로 나타났다. 게임 과몰입을 위한 적절한 개입으로서, 게임시간, 지출비용, 정서조절과 스트레스 관리의 중요성을 확인하였고, 본 연구 결과의 일반화를 위한 후속 연구에 대해 논의하였다.