• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2001

Cyclic variability limits the range of operating conditions of spark ignition engines, especially under lean and highly diluted operation conditions. The cyclic combustion variations can be characterized by pressure parameters, combustion related parameters, and flame-front related parameters. The coefficient of variation (COV) in indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) defines the cyclic variability in indicated work per cycle.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.473-492
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• 2017

Sharp radius constants for certain classes of normalized analytic functions with fixed second coefficient, to be in the classes of starlike functions of positive order, parabolic starlike functions, and Sokół-Stankiewicz starlike functions are obtained. Our results extend several earlier works.

• 지질공학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.395-432
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• 2021

지하수함양은 시공간적으로 다양하여 직접적으로 측정하기 어렵기 때문에 함양추정을 위해 수치모델이 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 지하수함양을 추정하기 위한 방법으로 기계학습법의 하나인 분류회귀트리(CART)모형을 적용하기 위해 수정된 수직식생지수(mPVI), 정규식생지수(NDVI), 정규경작지수(NDTI), 정규나지지수(NDRI) 같은 토양-식생관련 지수와 강우, 지형인자(고도, 경사, 경사방향)를 입력하고 김천지역 SWAT-MODFLOW의 함양량 결과를 추출 및 학습하여 함양량을 예측하였다. SWAT-MODFLOW의 함양량 분포에 대한 CART모형의 예측값의 전반적인 정확도는 0.5~0.7, 카파계수는 0.3~0.6으로 나타나 위성영상자료를 통해 토양-식생에 따른 함양량 변화를 합리적으로 예측할 수 있었다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.903-911
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• 1999

This study is discussed about the heat transfer coefficient and the fin efficiency of the heat exchanger having plate fins. A new definition for the fin efficiency of the heat exchanger is proposed. More than one hundred cases were tested numerically for the plate fins having uniform and non-uniform heat transfer coefficient. The previous models for the fin efficiency and the pure heat transfer coefficient were applicable to the heat exchanger only when the NTU is very small. It was found that the fin efficiency of the heat exchanger was nearly the same as the normalized fin temperature. The present model could estimate the pure heat transfer coefficient within a few percent in the present test range of 0＜NTU＜2.5.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1986

Through the paper, we consider functions f analytic in the unit disk D={z:vertical bar z vertical bar <1} normalized by f(0)=0 and f'(0)=1. Following Rogosinski [5], we let T denote the class of all typically-real functions f which preserve half-plane in the following sense.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2012

도심지의 빌딩들은 시간이 갈수록 형태가 다양해지고, 식생이나 도로와 같은 객체들과 유사한 분광 특성을 나타냄으로써 광학 영상만을 이용하여 추출하기가 어려워지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 항공 Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR) 자료와 항공 사진의 융합을 통해 항공 사진상에서의 빌딩과 그 경계를 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 항공 사진에 Adaptive dynamic range linear stretching 방사 강조 기법을 적용하고, 에디슨 에지 디텍터를 이용하여 이진 경계 지도를 생성하였다. 동시에 항공 LiDAR 자료로부터 normalized Digital Surface Model을 생성하고, 빌딩 영역을 추출하여 이진 경계 지도와의 중첩을 통해 임시 빌딩 영역을 추출하였다. 마지막으로 항공 LiDAR 자료와 항공 사진 간의 위치 오차를 고려하여 경계 강화 과정을 수행함으로써 최종 빌딩 경계를 추출하였다. 제안 방법의 검증을 위해 두 개의 실험 지역을 선정하여 제안 방법을 적용하였고, 정량적인 정확도평가에서 F-measure, Jaccard coefficient, Yule coefficient, Overall accuracy의 값이 모두 0.85 이상의 정확도를 보여주었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.277-297
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• 2014

Since the isolation bearings undergo large displacements in base-isolated structures, impact with adjacent structures is inevitable. Therefore, in this investigation, the effect of impact on seismic response of isolated structures mounted on double concave friction pendulum (DCFP) bearings subjected to near field ground motions is considered. A non-linear viscoelastic model of collision is used to simulate structural pounding more accurately. 2-, 4- and 8-story base-isolated buildings adjacent to fixed-base structures are modeled and the coupled differential equations of motion related to these isolated systems are solved in the MATLAB environment using the SIMULINK toolbox. The variation of seismic responses such as base shear, displacement in the isolation system and superstructure (top floor) is computed to study the impact condition. Also, the effects of variation of system parameters: isolation period, superstructure period, size of seismic gap between two structures, radius of curvature of the sliding surface and friction coefficient of isolator are contemplated in this study. It is concluded that the normalized base shear, bearing and top floor displacement increase due to impact with adjacent structure. When the distance between two structures decreases, the base shear and displacement increase comparing to no impact condition. Besides, the increase in friction coefficient difference also causes the normalized base shear and displacement in isolation system and superstructure increase in comparison with bi-linear hysteretic behavior of base isolation system. Totally, the comparison of results indicates that the changes in values of friction coefficient have more significant effects on 2-story building than 4- and 8-story buildings.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.179-190
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• 2024

This study aims to compare supervised classification methods with phenology-based approaches, specifically pixel-based and segment-based methods, for accurate crop mapping in agricultural landscapes. We utilized Sentinel-2A imagery, which provides multispectral data for accurate crop mapping. 31 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images were calculated from the Sentinel-2A data. Next, we employed phenology-based approaches to extract valuable information from the NDVI time series. A set of 10 phenology metrics was extracted from the NDVI data. For the supervised classification, we employed the maximum likelihood (MaxLike) algorithm. For the phenology-based approaches, we implemented both pixel-based and segment-based methods. The results indicate that phenology-based approaches outperformed the MaxLike algorithm in regions with frequent rainfall and cloudy conditions. The segment-based phenology approach demonstrated the highest kappa coefficient of 0.85, indicating a high level of agreement with the ground truth data. The pixel-based phenology approach also achieved a commendable kappa coefficient of 0.81, indicating its effectiveness in accurately classifying the crop types. On the other hand, the supervised classification method (MaxLike) yielded a lower kappa coefficient of 0.74. Our study suggests that segment-based phenology mapping is a suitable approach for regions like South Korea, where continuous cloud-free satellite images are scarce. However, establishing precise classification thresholds remains challenging due to the lack of adequately sampled NDVI data. Despite this limitation, the phenology-based approach demonstrates its potential in crop classification, particularly in regions with varying weather patterns.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.451-464
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• 2019

In the present paper, we find the sharp bound for the fourth coefficient of starlike functions f which are normalized by f(0) = 0 = f'(0) - 1 and satisfy the following two-sided inequality: $$1+{\frac{{\gamma}-{\pi}}{2\;{\sin}\;{\gamma}}}\;<\;{\Re}\{{\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}}\}\;<\;1+{\frac{{\gamma}}{2\;{\sin}\;{\gamma}}},\;z{\in}{\mathbb{D}}$$, where ${\mathbb{D}}:=\{z{\in}{\mathbb{C}}:{\left|z\right|}<1\}$ is the unit disk and ${\gamma}$ is a real number such that ${\pi}/2{\leq}{\gamma}<{\pi}$. Moreover, the sharp bound for the fifth coefficient of f defined above with ${\gamma}$ in a subset of [${\pi}/2,{\pi}$) also will be found.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 V
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• pp.2919-2922
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a new methodology to analyze the characteristics of artery by using 4 channels photophethysmography. The proposed parameter is a time difference of pulse transit time (PTT) between pulse waves at finger site and at toe site. As the results of experiments, the change of parameter was found according to ages. The result of regression analysis about relationships between the parameter and ages for n=51, the coefficient of correlation of non-normalized data has -0.79770 in left side and -0.80599 in right side and the coefficient of correlation of normalized data by height has -0.81345 in left side and -0.81605 in right side.