• 한국농공학회지
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• 제37권3_4호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1995

The recycled concrete, average compressive strength of which was 2l0kg/cm$^2$ or higher with slump range of 14~18cm, was prepared by replacing 25% and 50% by weight of coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate from waste concrete. Mix design method for crushed aggregates was used and all specimens were cured by normal moisture curing method. A plasticiser and a fly ash were added to the mix to improve performance of recycled concrete. Flexural strength, stress- strain relationship and fracture toughness were evaluated by comparing with those of normal concretes. Recycled concrete showed, in general, lower flexural strength and fracture toughness, and higher strain under the same stress level. Fly ash in the concrete had an effect of reducing the strength and fracture toughness on both normal and recycled concretes. Since fly ash is known to improve many properties of concrete, while reducing strength properties, decision for using fly ash should be made carefully depending on the intended usage of the recycled concrete.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2016

Utilization of mineral and chemical admixtures in concrete technology has led to changes in the formulation and mix design in recent decades, which has, in turn, made the concrete stronger and more durable. Lightweight concrete is an excellent solution in terms of decreasing the dead load of the structure, while self-compacting concrete eases the pouring and removes the construction problems. Combining the advantages of lightweight concrete and self-compacting concrete is a new and interesting research topic. Considering its light weight of structure and ease of placement, self-compacting lightweight concrete may be the answer to the increasing construction requirements of slender and more heavily reinforced structural elements. Twenty one laboratory experimental investigations published on the mix proportion, density and mechanical properties of lightweight self-compacting concrete from the last 12 years are analyzed in this study. The collected information is used to investigate the mix proportions including the chemical and mineral admixtures, light weight and normal weight aggregates, fillers, cement and water. Analyzed results are presented in terms of statistical expressions. It is very helpful for future research to choose the proper components with different ratios and curing conditions to attain the desired concrete grade according to the planned application.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.181-182
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• 2016

We developed eco-friendly lightweight concrete in order to apply eco-friendly lightweight concrete into structural wall or slab of shallow depth urban railway system. However, since lightweight aggregate has different structural feature of porous and it has been overvalued at current KS standard when applied, we did compare the characteristics of freezing and thawing of normal weight aggregate concrete by comparative test method(KS, ASTM). According to test method, there was a big difference of dynamic elastic modulus in lightweight concrete rather than in normal weight aggregate concrete. The big absorption factor in lightweight aggregate is main reason for that. For more detail, in KS law in which only 14 days water curing is carried out, the big amount of moisture in lightweight aggregate is frozen and high heaving pressure occurs and finally that lead to destruction of lightweight concrete. Therefore, it is considered that in case of lightweight concrete, resistibility against freezing and thawing has been undervalued in domestic KS law compared to ASTM law, which is overseas standard. So, a variety of examination about testing criteria and rule would be necessary for exact assessment of lightweight concrete.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 순수 휨을 받는 중공 원형강관, 내부에 경량기포콘크리트 및 보통콘크리트를 충전한 원형강관 부재에 대하여 강재의 압축부에 대한 좌굴특성을 고려하고, 충전된 콘크리트의 삼축압축응력 발생에 따른 강도증가 현상을 고려하여 모멘트-곡률 관계를 계산하였다. 경량기포콘크리트를 충전하더라도 해석적으로 간편하게 모멘트-곡률 관계를 계산할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 보통콘크리트를 충전한 경우에는 해석값이 실험값에 근접한 결과를 추정함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 기존의 실험결과를 이용하여 본 연구에서 개발된 모멘트-곡률 관계 해석방법의 유효성을 검증하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1991년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.99-104
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• 1991

It is necessary to generalize the use for structural ALA Concrete in our country, as increasing in the need for the development of ALA and the use of ALA Concrete which is related with the diminution of the self load and foundation section of structure responding to the realistic requirement against the decrease of natural aggregate and the high-rising and large-sizing of structures. This little study, therefore intended to help in the mixing design of concrete by considering the fundamental properties of ALA Concrete used with expanded clay, which is considered by acopting the experimental factors such as unit cement content, water cement ratio and the rate of fine aggregate. By considering the results of this experiment, it has difficulty in getting expected slump with the unit water content of normal concrete because of the large absorption of lightweight aggregate, and because the weight of unit volume and specific gravity ALA Concrete are small it appears that the strength and Elastic Modulus of that are small too and that it is more ductile than normal concrete.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2011

This paper describes the effects of fly ash replacement on the sulfate resistance of antiwashout underwater concrete which was replaced cement by fly ash from 0% to 50%. and the experimental works were performed on sulfate acceleration test of 5%$Na_2SO_4$ solution to find out the variance of length and weight of specimens. The experimental result shows that the length of specimens of antiwashout underwater concrete age at 180day was highly increased compare with normal concrete by acceleration test. but the mixture which was replaced 50% of fly ash shows reduction of the expansion, weight various, compare with normal concrete specimen. accordingly by using fly ash as admixture in antiwashout underwater concrete in sea environment, it will makes more durable for the attacks of sulfate by sea water.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2008

A new plastic-damage constitutive model applicable to lightweight concrete (LWC) and normal weight concrete (NWC) is proposed in this paper based on both continuum damage mechanics and plasticity theories. Two damage variables are used to represent tensile and compressive damage independently. The effective stress is computed in the Drucker-Prager multi-surface plasticity framework. The stress is then computed by multiplication of the damaged part and the effective part. The proposed model is coded as a user material subroutine and incorporated in a finite element analysis software. The constitutive integration algorithm is implemented by adopting the operator split involving elastic predictor, plastic corrector and damage corrector. The numerical study shows that the algorithm is efficient and robust in the finite element analysis. Experimental investigation is conducted to verify the proposed model involving both static and dynamic tests. The very good agreement between the numerical results and experimental results demonstrates the capability of the proposed model to capture the behaviors of LWC and NWC structures for static and impact loading.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 경량 콘크리트에 대한 361개, 보통중량 콘크리트에 대한 1,335개 및 고중량 콘크리트에 대한 221개의 데이터를 이용하여 콘크리트의 인장강도 (직접인장강도, 쪼갬인장강도 및 파괴계수)에 대한 설계기준과 기존 연구자들의 제안모델의 안정성을 평가하였다. 콘크리트 인장강도 예측을 위한 대부분의 제안 식들은 보통중량 콘크리트의 실험결과를 이용하여 압축강도의 함수로서 제시되었다. 하지만 데이터베이스의 분석은 콘크리트 인장강도는 기건 단위질량에 의해서도 중요한 영향을 받음을 보여준다. 이에 따라, 콘크리트 인장강도에 대한 기준 및 제안모델들은 기건 단위질량 2,100 $kg/m^3$ 이하, 압축강도 50 MPa 이상에서는 실험결과와의 불일치가 증가하였다. 한편, 본 연구에서 콘크리트 기건 단위질량을 고려하여 제시된 콘크리트 인장강도 예측 모델들은 실험결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2023

Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) has various advantages, but it has limitations in ensuring sufficient ductility as structural members such as reinforced concrete (RC) columns due to its low confinement effect of core concrete. In particular, the confinement effect significantly decreases as the axial load increases, but studies on evaluating the ductility of RC columns at high axial loads are very limited. Therefore, this study examined the effects of concrete unit weight on the seismic performance of RC columns subjected to constant axial loads applied with different values for each specimen. The column specimens were classified into all-lightweight aggregate concrete (ALWAC), sand-lightweight aggregate concrete (SLWAC), and normal-weight concrete (NWC). The amount of transverse reinforcement was specified for all the columns to satisfy twice the minimum amount specified in the ACI 318-19 provision. Test results showed that the normalized moment capacity of the columns decreased slightly with the concrete unit weight, whereas the moment capacity of LWAC columns could be conservatively estimated based on the procedure stipulated in ACI 318-19 using an equivalent rectangular stress block. Additionally, by applying the section lamina method, the axial load level corresponding to the balanced failure decreased with the concrete unit weight. The ductility of the columns also decreased with the concrete unit weight, indicating a higher level of decline under a higher axial load level. Thus, the LWAC columns required more transverse reinforcement than their counterpart NWC columns to achieve the same ductility level. Ultimately, in order to achieve high ductility in LWAC columns subjected to an axial load of 0.5, it is recommended to design the transverse reinforcement with twice the minimum amount specified in the ACI 318-19 provision.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.393-400
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• 1997

It is possible to reduce dead load and cross section of structural members by use of lightweight concrete, and also reduce the cost of construction. The mechanical properties of lightweight concrete are lower than that of normal weight concrete having the same compressive strength, then it is necessary to make higher strength of lightweight concrete for structural use, and the objective of this paper is to development and application the highstrength lightweight concrete with lower than 2.0t/$\textrm{m}^3$ of unit weight and over than 350kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ of compressive strength.