• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.19-39
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• 2016

The present study examined differences in children's behavior problems and peer interaction, and parental factors including self-esteem, depression and childrearing stress between atopic dermatitis(AD) and normal(non-AD) children in each gender, and analyzed the effects of the parental factors on the two variables of AD children. 165 AD and 1176 non-AD children of age 5 were selected from the 6th year data of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The results from t-test and multiple regression are as follows. First, only AD boys showed a higher level of behavior problems than non-AD boys, but peer interaction showed no difference between AD and non-AD groups. Compared with non-AD children's parents, mothers of AD children showed a higher stress level and mothers of AD boys had a higher depression level. But there were no differences in maternal self-esteem and paternal factors between the groups. Second, AD boys' behavior problems were related to maternal factors and paternal stress, and some characteristics of AD girls' behavior problems were related with some parental variables. But peer interaction of AD children had no relation with parental factors. Third, behavior problems were influenced by maternal stress in AD boys and influenced by maternal depression and parental self-esteem in AD girls.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.8 s.227
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• pp.902-909
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• 2004

A steady-state Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulation was conducted to investigate the distribution of the Reynolds stress tensor inside tip leakage vortex of a linear compressor cascade. Two different inlet flow angles ${\beta}=29.3^{\circ}$(design condition) and $36.5^{\circ}$(off-design condition) at a constant tip clearance size of $1\%$ blade span were considered. Classical methods of solid mechanics, applied to view the Reynolds stress tensor in the principal direction system, clearly showed that the high anisotropic feature of turbulent flow field was dominant at the outer part of tip leakage vortex near the suction side of the blade and endwall flow separation region, whereas a nearly isotropic turbulence was found at the center of tip leakage vortex. There was no significant difference in the anisotropy of the Reynolds normal stresses inside tip leakage vortex between the design and off-design condition.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-17
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine effects of aromatherapy on the activity and balance of autonomic nervous system and on physical resistance to stress. Methods: This research is a primitive experimental design which attempts to analyze aromatherapy EKG monitoring on real-time basis. Lavender & Chamomile, each 30 drops, were blended with 100ml Sweet Almond oil. Subjects was laid relaxed, and had insides of his wrists and ankles attached with electrodes for EKG. Right after applied with essential oil onto his philtrum and parotid, started on EKG monitoring. Results: The activities of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve were changed as time elapsed, with significant differences(p=.000). In multiple comparison, the value was significantly different(p<.05).The balance of autonomic nerve was changed, becoming close to the normal level in accord with applicable international standards(1.5)(p=.011). In multiple comparison, the value showed a significant difference(p<.05). Physical resistance to stress increased with the passage of time, but not statistically significant. Conclusions: This suggests that aromatherapy can be used as a nursing intervention which aims at alleviating symptoms related to the imbalance of autonomic nerve system such as headache, hot flashes, irregular heartbeat, nervousness, depression and anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to assess the structural integrity of piping penetrations for nuclear power plants. A piping qualification analysis describes loads due to deadweight, pressure difference acts normal to the plate, thermal transients, and earthquakes, among other events, on piping penetrations that have been modeled as an anchor. Amodel was analyzed using a commercial finite element program. Apiping penetration analysis model was constructed with an assembly of pipe, head fittings and sleeves. Normally, the design load, thus obtained, will consist of three moments and three forces, referred to a Cartesian coordinate system. When comparing the stress analysis results from each required cutting position, the general membrane stress intensities and local membrane plus bending stress intensities during a structural evaluation cannot exceed the allowable amount of stress for the design loads. Therefore, the piping penetration design satisfies the code requirements.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2002

We have utilized the PCR-RFLP method to detect the ryanodine receptor(RYR1) gene mutation and to estimate the genotype frequencies of the RYR1 gene in commercial crossbred pig population. The exon region(659bp) including point mutation(C ${\rightarrow}$T; Arg ${\rightarrow}$Cys) in the porcine ryanodine receptor gene, which is a causal mutation for PSS, was amplified by PCR and digested with Cfo I restriction enzyme. The RYR1 gene was classified into three genotypes by agarose gel electrophoresis. The normal homozygous(NN) individuals showed two DNA fragments consisted of 493 and 166bp. The mutant homozygous(nn) individuals showed only one DNA fragment of 659bp. Also, all three fragments(659, 493 and 166bp) were showed in heterozygous(Nn) carrier animals. The proportions of normal, carrier and PSS pigs within crossbred population of pigs were 81%, 15% and 4%, respectively. According to the results of analysis of variance for the association of genotypes of RYR1 of pigs at 30kg, day age at 90kg and average daily gains, the RYR1 nn genotype was very higher than RYR1 NN genotype for day age at 30kg with 5% level of significant difference, but no significant difference for association of any other genotypes with day age at 90kg and average daily gain in crossbred pigs. Therefore, DNA diagnosis by using PCR-RFLP analysis for the PSS gene was useful for large-scale screening of commercial pigs in the swine industry.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2010

This study was performed to develop an LRFD (Load Resistance Factored Design) Code for Domestic Larch. To accomplish his, we evaluated bending, compression, tension and shear strength. The results of the strength evaluation were utilized to verify the distribution and code conversion. For bending, tension and compressive strength, the Weibull distribution was well-fitted, but for shear strength we observed a normal distribution. For evaluating the bending and compressive strength, a full-sized specimen was used. A small clear specimen was used to test tension and shear strength. Compressive strength in particular was found to be affected by tight knots, although there was little difference between grades. In the code conversion, the design value of the LRFD was larger than the existing allowable stress value in the Korean Building Code. However, the allowable stress in this study was about two times higher than the value listed in the Korean Building Code. This result induced the difference between the soft and hard conversions. For greater reliability, the accumulation of additional data is necessary and further studies should be performed

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 1997

비상용성 고분자는 그 계면의 특성에 의해서 복잡한 유변학적 거동을 갖는데 그러 한 거동을 해석하기 위해서 최근에 제안된 구성방정식을 토대로 소폭 진동 전단 흐름장에서 의 유변학적 물성과 몰폴로지 전개를 예측한 바 있다. Takahashi[2]등은 이런 흐름하에서의 계면은 거의 변하지 않음을 보여주었고 따라서 이경우는 상대적으로 쉬운편이었다. 본연구 에서는 정상전단흐름장하에서의 몰폴로지 전개에 대한 구성방정식을 간단한 형태로 표현함 으로써 실제 산업계에서 이용될수 있도록 하였다. 그러한 해석을 통하여 원래의 모델에서 제시되었던 3개의 실험변수를 2개로 줄일수 있었으며 계면의 특성을 잘 나타내 주는 새로운 변수($textsc{k}$)를 도입하였다. 계면의 특성을 잘 나타내 주는 이새로운 변수를 통하여 그 계면의 영향을 예측할수 있었다. 한편 분산상의 파괴, 변형, 합체 메카니즘을 모델에 제시되었던 변 수값들을 통하여 해석하였고 이를 실험적인 데이터와 비교해 보았다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.609-614
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• 2000

This paper is an experimental study of the normal strength concrete beam and high strength concrete beam for the analysis of bending and shear behavior. In building structure, the story height can be minimized by providing openings in beams which serves for the utility equipments passing through. The dead space in false ceiling increase construction cost, the good ceiling system such as beam with opening give to economical merits because of a substantial reduction in materials and construction cost. For the analysis on the mechanical behavior of the reinforced high strength and normal strength concrete beams with circular opening in the web, the stress concentration of the circular opening, crack pattern and reinforcing methods were studied. Twenty test pieces with different reinforcing methods and difference concrete strength were tested and their resisting forces and load deflection curves were defined in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.95-101
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• 2009

Constructing large-scale mat foundation mass concrete is increasing for the stability of building structure, because a lot of high rise building are being built in order to make full use of limited space. However, It is of increasing concerns that because limited placing equipments, available job-site and systems for mass concete placement in construction field do not allow to place great quantity of concrete at the same time in large scale mat foundation, consistency between placement lift can not be secured. And also, it is likely to crack due to stress caused by the difference of hydration heat generation time. To find out the solution against above problems, this study is to reconfirm the performance of normal concrete designed by mix proportion and super retarding concrete. The Fundamental test shows what happens if low heat proportioning and control method of setting time are applied at the job-site of newly constructed high rise building. The test result show that slump flow of concrete has been somewhat increased as the target retarding time gets longer, while the air content has been slightly decreased but this is no great difference from normal concrete. The setting time shows to be retarded as target retarding time gets longer, the range of retarding time increases. It is necessary to increase the amount of mix of super retarding agent in the proportion ration by setting curing temperature high since outdoor curing is about 6 hours faster than standard curing, which means the temperature of the concrete will be higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment, due to its high hydration heat when applying in a construction site. The compressive strength of super retarding concrete appears to be lower than normal concrete due to the retarding action in the early stage. However, as the time goes by, the compressive strength gets higher, and by the 28th day the strength becomes the same or higher than normal concrete.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.391-400
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine depression in order to identify and improve health care policies promoting health among Korean women. Method: There were 329 participants, all older than 18 years old, and staying in Kyungki-Do, city. The data was collected from July to September 1999. The instrument used for this study was the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) to evaluate depression. The collected data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, $\chi$2-test and Multiple logistic Analysis. Result: The result of this study are as follows: 1. Among the participants, 90.6% had normal to mild depression and 9.4% had severe depression. 2. For general characteristics, there were significant difference in the degree of depression according to age(P=0.0001), and marital status(P=0.0001). As for health related characteristics, the depression scores were affected by health perception(P= 0.0001), menopause(P=0.0005), stress (P= 0.0001) and sexual activity(P=0.0001). 3. There was a significant relationship between marital status and stress. Conclusion: This study suggests that a replicate study is needed. The results are also is useful in developing various nursing intervention programs.