• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.593-598
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• 2002

Routinely, strength method for the determination of the nominal moment of reinforced concrete beam is assumed to also be suitable for strengthening beams with carbon fiber sheets since typically strengthening beams compromise 98% by volume of reinforced concrete. Flexural capacity of strengthening beam is absolutely dependent upon the type of reinforcement materials, amount of reinforcement, anchoring system, adhesion capacity between reinforcement material and concrete. Therefore, it might be incorrect to use strength method for analysis and design of strengthening beam without considering the differences in the load-deflection curves, mechanism of failure, state of stress distribution, failure strain of the reinforcement. An flexural analysis based on force equilibrium and strain comparability has been developed for strengthening beam. Systematic experimental investigations are compared with analytical results. Then, the adaptation of strength method for strengthening beam have also been discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.333-350
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• 2005

This paper presents results of an experimental study to evaluate a new retrofit technique for strengthening shear deficient short concrete beams and columns. In this technique a mortar jacket reinforced with expanded steel meshes is used for retrofitting. Twelve short reinforced concrete specimens, including eight retrofitted ones, were tested. Six specimens were tested under a constant compressive axial force of 15% of column axial load capacity based on original concrete gross section, $A_g$, and the concrete compressive strength, ${f_c}^{\prime}$. Main variables were the spacing of ties in original specimens and the volume fraction of expanded metal in jackets. Original specimens failed before reaching their nominal calculated flexural strength, $M_n$, and had very poor ductility. Strengthened specimens reached their nominal flexural strength and had a ductility capacity factor of up to 8 for the beams and up to 5.5 for the columns. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that expanded steel meshes can be used effectively to strengthen shear deficient concrete members.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

축방향 인장응력이 작용하는 두께 20-80mm의 SM520-TMC강 맞대기 용접부를 대상으로 피로시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과를 통계 분석하여 두께의 변화 및 용접방법에 따른 피로 강도를 검토하였다. 공칭응력을 기준으로 한 피로강도는 국내외의 기존 기준을 만족한다. 두께가 작은 경우에는 시험체의 제작오차에 따른 휨응력이 상당히 큰 것으로 나타났다. 측정값을 기준으로 한 피로강도는 공칭응력을 기준으로 한 경우보다 두께가 작은 20mm 경우 크게 증가하였다. 피로강도의 감소는 Gurney의 제안식과 유사한 것으로 나타났다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1999

Recently, many strengthening methods are developed to repair damaged structures, especially, steel plate or carbon fiber sheet bonding methods are widely used. For the bonding methods, the strengthening materials are bonded when the original structure is under loading, with causes the difference of initial stresses between original member and bonded material. However, current design method or theory, which mostly depends on ultimately strength design, cannot account the difference of initial stresses between members, and it disregards the reduction of nominal strength. In this study, a new strengthening design theory and program which can account the difference of initial stresses are developed, and applied to the case when a structure in service is repaired. In order to verify the validity of the theory and the program, a test result is referred and compare with the results and it is showed that the calculated values are almost same as the referred data and finally proved that the program is reliable. The results showed that the amount of strengthening material depends on the status of damages of structure, and the nominal strength is reduced depending on the degree of damages.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1999

Recently, many strengthening methods are developed to repair damaged structures, especially, steel plate or carbon fiber sheet bonding methods are widely used. For the bonding methods, the strengthening materials are bonded when the original structure is under loading, which causes difference of initial stresses between original member and bonded material. However, current design method or theory, which mostly depends on ultimately strength design, cannot account the difference of initial stresses between members, and it disregards the reduction of nominal strength. In this study, a new strengthening design theory and program which can account the difference of initial stresses are developed, and applied to the case when a structure in service is repaired. In order to verify the validity of the theory and the program, a test result is referred and compared with the results and it is showed that the calculated values are almost same as the referred data and finally proved that the program is reliable. The results showed that the amount of strengthening material depends on the status of damages of structure, and the nominal strength is reduced depending on the degree of damages.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.175-186
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• 2006

FRP 시스템으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 단면 대부분이 철근콘크리트로 구성되어 있어 휨해석 및 휨설계를 직사각응력블록을 이용한 강도설계법에 의존하는 경향이 있다. 그러나, 보강단면의 인장철근 및 FRP시스템에 의한 인장력이 부족한 단면의 FRP 시스템의 변형률이 인장파단변형률을 초과하면 강도설계법을 적용할 수 없는 해석상 모순에 빠져든다. 인장철근과 탄소섬유시트에 의한 인장력이 낮은 탄소섬유시트 보강보 실험에서 콘크리트 최대압축변형률이 0.003보다 낮은 것으로 측정되었을 뿐 아니라 최대휨모멘트는 강도설계법으로 산정된 공칭휨모멘트보다 작은 것으로 측정되어, FRP 시스템 보강단면의 공칭휨모멘트 산정에 강도설계법의 적용한계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 2003

It has been well known that the ductile cracking of steel would be accelerated by triaxial stress state. Recently, the characteristics of critical crack initiation of steels are quantitatively estimated using the two-parameters, that is, equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality, criterion. This study is paid to the fundamental clarification of the effect of geometrical heterogeneity and strength mismatching, which can elevate plastic constraint due to heterogeneous plastic straining, and loading rate on ductile crack initiation behavior. Also, the ductile crack initiation testing were conducted under static and dynamic loading using round bar specimens with circumferential notch and strength mis-matching. The result showed that the nominal strain at ductile crack initiation of circumferential notch specimens small then the round bar specimens for effect of geometrical discontinuity. Also, the nominal strain at ductile crack initiation was decreased with decrease of notch root radius of curvature.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2012

최근 고성능, 고강도 강재가 개발되어 강구조물에 많이 사용되고 있다. 새로 개발된 고강도 구조용 강재는 일반적인 강도의 강재에 비하여 인성, 용접성, 항복강도비 등이 다르므로 필릿용접부에 대해 기존 설계기준의 적용 타당성을 검토할 필요가 있다. 국내외의 설계기준에 따른 필릿용접부의 공칭강도 값을 비교한 결과 상당한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 필릿용접부 강도시험 결과를 수집 분석하였다. 필릿용접의 강도를 결정하는 주요변수로 모재의 항복강도와 인장강도, 그리고 용접금속의 인장강도를 각각 선택하여 강도 추정식을 도출하였다. 공칭강도 추정식을 사용하여 각 강종별로 구한 계산 값은, 선택한 주요변수의 종류와 관계없이 거의 동일한 것으로 나타났다. 필릿용접부의 거동특성과 설계의 실용성을 고려하여 모재의 인장강도를 기준으로 공칭강도를 산정하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단된다. 제안된 공칭강도와 비교한 결과 기존의 설계기준에 따른 필릿용접부의 공칭강도는 낮은 강도의 강재에 대해서는 비경제적이고, 고강도 강재의 경우에는 적절한 안전성을 확보하지 못할 우려가 있다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.497-516
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• 2014

The ultimate carrying capacity of axially loaded welded square box section members made of medium and high strength steels (nominal yield stresses varying from 345 MPa to 460 MPa), with large width-to-thickness ratios ranging from 35 to 70, is analyzed by finite element method (FEM). At the same time, the numerical results are compared with the predicted results using Direct Strength Method (DSM), modified DSM and Effective Yield Strength Method (EYSM). It shows that curve a, rather than curve b recommended in Code for design of steel structures GB50017-2003, should be used to check the local-overall interaction buckling strength of welded square section columns fabricated from medium and high strength steels when using DSM, modified DSM and EYSM. Despite all this, EYSM is conservative. Compared to EYSM and modified DSM, DSM provides a better prediction of the ultimate capacities of welded square box compression members with large width-thickness ratios over a wide range of width-thickness ratios, slenderness ratios and steel grades. However, for high strength steels (nominal yield strength greater than 460 MPa), the numerical and existent experimental results indicate that DSM overestimates the load-carrying capacities of the columns with width-thickness ratio smaller than 45 and slenderness ratio less than 80. Further, for the purpose of making it suitable for a wider scope, DSM has been modified (called proposed modified DSM). The proposed modified DSM is in excellent agreement with the numerical and existing experimental results.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.35-51
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• 1999

Fatigue strength assessment procedures have been implemented in the ship design rules by many classification societies. However, a large variation tin the details of the different approaches exists in practically all aspects influding load history assessment, stress evaluation and fatigue strength assessment. In order to assess the influences of thesd variations on the prediction of fatigue lives. a comparative study is organized by the ISSC Committee III.2 Fatigue and Fracture. A pad detail on the top of longitudinal hatch coaming of a panamax container vessel is selected for fatigue calculation. The work described in this paper is one set of results of this comparative study in which the ABS dynamics approach is applied. Through this analysis the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) With the original ABS approach, the fatigue life of this pad detail is very low, only 2.398 years. (2) The treatment of the stillwater bending moment in the ABS approach might be a source of conservatism. If the influence of stillwater bending moment is ignored, then the fatigue life for this pad detail is 7.036 years. (3) The difference between the nominal stress approach and the hot spot stress approach for this pad detail is about 26%.