• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.854-862
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• 2010

One-way delay variation (OWDV) has become increasingly of interest to researchers as a way to evaluate network state and service quality, especially for real-time and streaming services such as voice-over-Internet-protocol (VoIP) and video. Many schemes for OWDV measurement require clock synchronization through the global-positioning system (GPS) or network time protocol. In clock-synchronized approaches, the accuracy of OWDV measurement depends on the accuracy of the clock synchronization. GPS provides highly accurate clock synchronization. However, the deployment of GPS on legacy network equipment might be slow and costly. This paper proposes a method for measuring OWDV that dispenses with clock synchronization. The clock synchronization problem is mainly caused by clock skew. The proposed approach is based on the measurement of inter-packet delay and accumulated OWDV. This paper shows the performance of the proposed scheme via simulations and through experiments in a VoIP network. The presented simulation and measurement results indicate that clock skew can be efficiently measured and removed and that OWDV can be measured without requiring clock synchronization.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.545-553
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• 2017

This paper investigates a synchronization algorithm for a distributed network which does not have a centralized infrastructure. In order to operate a distributed network, synchronization across distributed terminals should be acquired in advance, and hence, a plenty of distributed synchronization algorithms have been studied extensively in the past. However, most of the previous studies focus on the synchronization only in fault-free networks. Thus, if there are some malfunctioning terminals in the network, the synchronization can not be guaranteed with conventional distributed synchronization methods. In this paper, we propose a reliability-based adaptive consensus algorithm which can effectively acquire the synchronization across distributed terminals and confirm performance of the proposed algorithm by conducting numerical simulations.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.138-144
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• 2007

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of a lot of light-weight sensor nodes with the capability of wireless communication. Studies have been done to improve stability and fault-tolerancy of WSN because the sensor nodes are basically vulnerable to the harsh environment. Specially, the time synchronization among sensor nodes becomes a challenging issue in WSN. All the local times should always keep the same with each other in the sensor field to perform data aggregation and energy-aware communication in WSN. In this paper, a new time synchronization technique is proposed to operate efficiently irrespective of the number of sensor nodes and the number of hops needed to cover all sensor nodes for synchronization. Simulation results show that the proposed technique has the lowest amount of packet traffic among the several time synchronization techniques.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.3C
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• pp.251-258
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel method of multi-node frequency synchronization for distributed networks. The proposed method synchronizes carrier frequencies of all nodes in the network and this enables new entry node to synchronize immediately. Moreover, when several groups exist in the network, inter-group synchronization method is proposed. The proposed distributed frequency synchronization method is expected to be very useful for the military operation scenario that new node entry is in a state of flux and group merging and splitting frequently happen.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2014

This paper presents a IEEE1588 based clock synchronization technique for a sRIO (Serial RapidIO) network which is applied to a submarine system. Clock synchronization plays a key role in the success of a networked embedded system. Recently, the IEEE1588 algorithm making use of dedicated chipset has been widely used for the synchronization of various industrial applications. However, there is no chipset available for the sRIO network that can offer many advantages, such as low latency and jitter. In this paper, the IEEE1588 algorithm for a sRIO network is implemented using only software without any dedicated chipset. The proposed approach is verified with experimental setup.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.35 no.3_4
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• pp.387-397
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• 2017

In order to react the dynamic behavior of the system more actually, it is necessary to solve the first problem of synchronization for Markovian jump complex network system in practical engineering problem. In this paper, the problem of local stochastic synchronization for Markovian nonlinear coupled neural network system is investigated, including nonlinear coupling terms and mode-dependent delays, that is less restriction to other system. By designing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and applying less conservative inequality, we get a new criterion to ensure local synchronization in mean square for Markovian nonlinear coupled neural network system. The criterion introduced some free matrix variables, which are less conservative. The simulation confirmed the validity of the conclusion.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.13-19
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• 2008

Time synchronization of nodes in sensor network synchronizes sensor nodes to one time clock. This is very essential in sensor networks so that the information collected and reported from the sensor nodes becomes meaningful. If sensor nodes are not synchronized, disaster report with time information can be wrong analyzed and this may lead to big calamity. With the limitation of battery and computing power, time synchronization algorithm imported in sensor nodes has to be as simple as it doesn't need big complexity, nor generates many synchronization messages. To reduce the synchronization error, hop count should be kept small between reference node to initiate synchronization and sensor nodes to be synchronized. Therefore, multiple reference nodes are used instead of single reference node. The use of multiple reference nodes introduce the requirement of synchronization among reference nodes in the network. Several algorithms have been proposed till now, but the synchronization among reference nodes are not well considered. This paper proposes improved time synchronization for sensor networks by synchronizing multiple reference nodes inside the network. Through simulation, we validated the effects of new algorithm.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2009

In this paper, we describe a method for synchronization protocol method used in control system based on network and IEEE 1599 synchronization method which used for implementation of synchronization technology of advanced industrial Ethernet. We also implement and perform the experiment for synchronization technology of EtherCAT communication which is one of the industrial Ethernet technology used IEEE 1599 synchronization technology based on time. And we describe an evaluation for experiment result, improve the problem and future plan.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1288-1296
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• 2018

PBS(Pairwise Broadcast Synchronization) is a well-known synchronization scheme for WSN(Wireless Sensor Networks). As PBS needs the set of node-pairs for network-wide synchronization by over-hearing, GPA(Group-Wise Pair Selection Algorithm) was also proposed after PBS. However, GPA is complex and requires too many message transmissions, leading to much power consumption. Besides, GPA is not appropriate to topology change or mobile wireless sensor networks. So, we propose a new and energy-efficient pair-node selection algorithm for PBS. The proposed scheme's performance has been evaluated and compared with GPA by simulation. The results are shown to be better than GPA.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.65-73
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• 2014

Since Time synchronization is also critical in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) like other networks, a time synchronization protocol for WSN called IBS(Indirect-Broadcast Synchronization) has been already proposed in 2012. As IBS operates in cluster tree topology, network lifetime may be mainly shortened by cluster head node[s], which usually consumes more power than cluster member (i.e. non-cluster head) nodes. In this paper, I propose enhanced version of IBS (called EIBS) which saves overall energy and prolongs network lifetime by re-constructing partial cluster tree locally. Compared with other tree construction approaches, this tree reconstruction algorithm is not only simpler, but also more efficient in the light of overall power consumption and network lifetime.