• 대한수학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1449-1460
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• 2021

In this paper, we consider the following nonlocal fractional Laplacian equation with a singular nonlinearity (-∆)^su(x) = λu^β (x) + a₀u^-γ (x), x ∈ ℝⁿ, where 0 < s < 1, γ > 0, $1<{\beta}{\leq}\frac{n+2s}{n-2s}$, λ > 0 are constants and a₀ ≥ 0. We use a direct method of moving planes which introduced by Chen-Li-Li to prove that positive solutions u(x) must be radially symmetric and monotone increasing about some point in ℝⁿ.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.3-24
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• 2001

All human being can't exist by oneself. That is, all human being depend on intimate attachment for their survival. Physical and psychological powers and control functions are prerequisites for one's survival and these serve important functions in interpersonal relationships. There are two kinds of powers and controls. One is positive power which helps one survive effectively. Another one is negative power which disturbs one's effective survival. Introspection is one of the positive power and most important process in understanding oneself and others. Thus, the purpose of this study is to elucidate the physical and psychological meaning of the characteristics of water and based on this meaning, to suggest one way of introspection. The authors reviewed the precept of water which is described in Bible and oriental classical books such as 'the Analects of Confuicus(論語)', 'Tao Te Ching(道德經)', 'Mencius(맹자)', 'Chronicle(史記)', 'The Doctrine of the Mean(中庸)', 'University(大學)'. The author also reviewed 'The History of Three Countries(삼국사기, 삼국유사)', 'The Precept of Religion', and 'the modern poems' which includes the symbolic meaning of water. The results are summarized as follows：1) The flow of water itself is the expression of introspection. Because, water does not flow without filling a puddle. 2) Water is the symbol of 'Immortality'. 3) Water symbolizes 'Modesty and Trust'. 4) Water is the symbol of 'Freedom from Greed'. 5) Water symbolizes 'Goodness and Beauty'. 6) Water symbolizes 'Naturality and Love'. Immortality, Modesty and Trust, Freedom from Greed, Goodness and Beauty, and Naturality and Love are eternal, universal values which all human should seek and achieve. By the process of introspection through the symbolic meaning of water, we can achieve these positive aspects of human mind and spirit.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.400-407
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• 2002

2차원 공간 고립파는 비선형 굴절률이 빛의 세기에 따라 일정한 값에 수렴하는 포화 매질에서 안정적으로 전파될 수 있다. 그러나 빛의 세기가 크지 않은 경우, 5차 비선형 굴절률이 음수인 매질은 포화 매질의 특성을 가지므로 2차원 공간 고립파가 전파될 수 있다. 2차원 비선형 슈뢰딩거 방정식의 전산 시늉을 통하여 빛의 세기가 크지 않은 경우 가우시안 빛살이 5차 비선형 매질을 전파하는 과정을 조사하였다. 그 결과 자체 포획 일률로 입사시킬 때 가장 안정적으로 2차원 공간 고립파가 전파한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 위상차가 180$^{\circ}$인 두 공간 고립파를 0.05$^{\circ}$의 충돌각으로 충돌시키면서 한 쪽 고립파의 입사 일률을 조절한다면 출력단에서 두 공간 고립파의 완전 광 스위칭이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 이베로아메리카
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.83-114
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• 2019

베네수엘라는 현재 우리나라에서 가장 주목받고 있는 라틴아메리카 국가이다. 불행하게도 민중의 생존권이 위험한 상황이며 뉴스의 대부분이 부정적이다. 국내 일부에서는 모든 것이 미 제국주의에 의한 침략의 결과라고 주장하고 다른 일부에서는 과도한 포퓰리즘에 인한 국가부도 상황이라고 한다. 또 다른 일부에서는 신냉전적 국제질서에 의한 강대국들의 파워 게임으로 설명하기도 한다. 이 과정에서 소외되는 것은 바로 생존권 위기의 베네수엘라 민중들이다. 베네수엘라의 위기는 대내적/대외적 요인이 모두 작용한 것으로 보이나 대내적 요인이 더 컸던 것으로 보인다. 대내적 요인은 라틴아메리카적인 원인이라 할 수 있는 정실 자본주의, 족벌세력의 독재와 부정부패에 의한 것이다. 차베스는 과두세력을 비판하며 정권을 잡았지만 역설적으로 차베스주의자 혹은 현 집권 세력은 또 다른 과두세력이 된 것이다. 불행하게도 미국과 EU 등 서구세력과 베네수엘라의 현 집권 세력은 극단적인 대립 중이며 서로 벼랑 끝 전술을 사용하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 가장 좋은 해법은 자유롭고 평화로운 대통령 선거이나 2019년 10월 현재 상황은 악화되고만 있다. 족장의 가을과 겨울이 지나가고 어떤 봄이 올지는 베네수엘라 민중이 결정해야 할 것이다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.124-133
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• 2018

We tried to investigate the changes in cortical activities according to emotional valence states during watching video clips. We examined the neural basis of two emotional states (positive and negative) using spectral power analysis and brain functional connectivity analysis of cortical current density time-series reconstructed from high-density electroencephalograms (EEGs). Fifteen healthy participants viewed a series of thirty-two 2 min emotional video clips. Sixty-four channel EEGs were recorded. Distributed cortical sources were reconstructed using weighted minimum norm estimation. The temporal and spatial characteristics of spectral source powers showing significant differences between positive and negative emotion were examined. Also, correlations between gamma-band activities and affective valence ratings were determined. We observed the changes of cortical current density time-series according to emotional states modulated by video clip. Gamma-band activities showed significant difference between emotional states for thirty seconds at the middle and the latter half of the video clip, mainly in prefrontal area. It was also significantly anti-correlated with the self-ratings of emotional valence. In addition, the gamma-band activities in frontal and temporal areas were strongly phase-synchronized, more strongly for negative emotional states. Cortical activities in frontal and temporal areas showed high spectral power and inter-regional phase synchronization in gamma-band during negative emotional states. It is inferred that the higher amygdala activation induced by negative stimuli resulted in strong emotional effects and caused strong local and global synchronization of neural activities in gamma-band in frontal and temporal areas.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1101-1110
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• 2003

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the stage of change of smoking cessation behavior and investigate factors associated with the stage of smoking cessation behavior according to the transtheoretical model. Methods. The participants, 297 smokers & quitters were selected by a stratified random sampling from 127 high school sophomore students in B city. Data were collected from April 6th to 16th, in 2002 using the structured self-report questionnaire. Results. The subjects were distributed in each stage of change of smoking cessation behavior: there were 46 subjects (15.5%) in precontemplation, 73 subjects (24.6%) in contemplation, 67 subjects(22.3%) in preparation, 56 subjects (18.5%) in action, 55 subjects (18.5%) in maintenance. Compared to the precontemplation and contemplation, people in preparation tended to smoke daily more and smoked for a shorter time, and as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance, past 1 year smoking cessation frequency increased and friends smoking decreased. Smoking onset age was the earliest in preparation, and the latest in maintenance. Helping relationships and self relationships are used a lot in precontemplation and also in contemplation. In preparation, self liberation and helping relationships are used a lot, in action, self liberation and helping relationships, and in maintenance, self liberation and environmental reevaluation. At each stage, the score of negative affect situation was the highest, but the one of negative affect situation, positive social situation, habitual strength, weight control decreased as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance. While the score of social pros and coping pros decreased with increasing stage, the one of cons tended to increase. Through stepwise discriminant analysis, it was found that social pros, smoking onset age, delf-libration were the most influencing powers among factors associated with the stages of smoking cessation behavior. Conclusions. This study suggested that, in developing an effective smoking cessation intervention for adolescents, all the stage of a client's cessation had to be assessed prior to applying intervention programs. In addition, the results of this study will become a pillar of smoking cessation program planning and application.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.179-200
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• 2002

The purposes of this study are as follows: (1) how are marital relationships classified by wives' perception of marital conflict and intimacy? (2) how do these types differ in terms of demographic variables (age, income, educational level, and employment status), individual psychological variables (self-esteem, differentiation) and interaction-related variables (affective self-disclosure, conflict resolution styles)?, and what are the relative discriminant powers of these variables in explaining marriage types? The data for this study were collected from 944 married women in Dajeon, who had one or more children, using the structured questionnaire. Classification using median and discriminant analysis were used with SPSS-PC for windows program. The major findings are as follows: The characteristics of each type are as follows: (1) The 'devitalized couples' consist of 18.2% of the whole sample. The levels of positive self-concept and positive interaction are the lowest. (2) The 'intimate couples' consist of 32.6% of the sample. They tend to be found most frequently in the population which is high in the educational level and income level and low in age. While the levels of positive self-concept and positive interaction are the highest, the levels of negative conflict resolution styles are the lowest. (3) The 'intimacy-persuaded couples' take 17.3% of the sample. The levels of positive self-concept and interaction are similar to the 'intimate couples'. (4) The 'conflict-habituated couples' take 31.9% of the sample. Whereas the levels of negative conflict resolution styles are the highest, the levels of positive self-concept and positive interaction are the lowest. The results of this study suggest several implications for the family-life education. It needs to apply different approaches to improve marital quality for each type of marriage.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.272-285
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• 2004

The losses at off-design points from a compressor cascade occur due to the deviation from a design incidence angle at the inlet of the cascade. The self-noise from the blade cascade at off-design points comes from a separated boundary layer and vortex sheddings. If the incidence angle to the cascade increases, stalling in blades may occur and the noise level increases significantly. This study applied Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) using deductive and deductive dynamic SGS models to low Mach-number, turbulent flow with each incidence angle to the cascade ranging from -40$^{\circ}$ to +20$^{\circ}$ and compared numerical predictions with measured data. It was observed that the oscillating separation bubbles attached to the suction surface do not modify wake flows dynamically for cases of negative incidence angles. However, an incidence angle greater than 8$^{\circ}$ caused a separated vortex near the leading edge to be shed downstream and created stalling. The computed performance parameters such as drag coefficient and total pressure loss coefficient showed good agreement with experimental results. Noise from the cascade of the compressor is summarized as sound generated by a structure interacting with unsteady, turbulent flows. The hybrid method using acoustic analogy was observed to closely predict the measured overall sound powers and directivity patterns at design and off-design points of blade cascade.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2003

$0^{\circ}C$에서 5$0^{\circ}C$까지 온도를 변화시켜 가며 100 GHz의 채널 간격으로 L-band 40채널을 운용했을 때, 온도에 따른 L-band EDFA의 출력 스펙트럼 변화와 이득 변동폭을 측정하였다. 이득 포화 영역에서의 이득의 변화로 인한 출력 스펙트럼의 변화는 온도에 따른 출력 스펙트럼의 변화와 상반되는 점을 이용하여 1단과 2단 사이에 삽입한 가변 감쇄기를 조절하여 온도에 따른 이득 변동을 보상하였다. 그 결과, $0^{\circ}C$에서 최대 3 dB까지 차이를 보이던 이득 변동 폭은 가변 감쇄기를 이용한 온도 보상으로 1 dB 이내로 줄어듦을 볼 수 있었다.

• 트랜스-
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• 제10권
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

가상 현실이 미디어들 전반에 걸쳐 잘 알려져 있다면, 몇 가지 시각적 개념이 분명 VR과 관련이 있는 것 같다. 본 논문에서 우리는 이런 시각적 개념과 VR 기술의 철학에 대해서 소개하고자 한다. 미디어 기술력의 홍보 캠페인에서 우리는 VR 테크닉을 보여주는 영역 기술들과 영화에서 VR 표현을 살펴본다. 이를 통해 우리는 부정적 이미지 -전체주의적 미래에 대한 오웰적 비전과 관련된- 가 상당히 일반적으로 나타남을 확인한다. 논문의 두 번째 파트에서는 VR 영화들, 특히 이나리투 감독과 비글로우 감독의 작품들을 살펴보고, '고개돌림'과 '걸어다님'의 영화들의 한계를 논한다. 마지막으로 VR이 영화를 상영하는 새로운 공간 혹은 인터넷과 연결된 플랫폼이 되고 있음을 논의한다.