• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.349-368
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify parental factors associated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2009 to June 2019 were identified through systematic search in 10 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, Web of Science, NDSL, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, and RISS). Standardized effect sizes were calculated to quantify the associations of parental factors with smartphone overuse in preschoolers using meta-analysis. Results: A total of 30 cross-sectional studies involving 7,943 participants met the inclusion criteria. The following were negatively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers: mother's parenting self-efficacy (r=-.35), mother-child attachment (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting behavior (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting attitude (r=-.25), and father's parenting involvement (r=-.15). Further, maternal factors such as smartphone addiction tendency (r=.41), parenting stress (r=.40), negative parenting behavior (r=.35), negative parenting attitude (r=.14), smartphone usage time (r=.26), employment status (r=.18), and age (r=.12) were positively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Conclusion: Several parental factors influence smartphone overuse in preschoolers. These findings emphasize the need to assess and enhance the parental factors identified in this study to prevent smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Accordingly, we recommend the development of preventive interventions to strengthen parent-related protective factors and mitigate risk factors.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.161-173
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• 2020

This study tries to examine the effects of multicultural adolescent's ego-resilience, biculture acceptance, bullying, and parenting attitude on their intention of school dropout. To do this, the subjects(n=1,347) extracted from the 5^th year of the Multicultural Adolescent Panel Survey were analyzed by using hierarchical regression analysis. The founded results are as follows. First, multicultural adolescent's strong ego-resilience, biculture acceptance and positive parenting attitude decreased their intention of school dropout. Second, multicultural adolescent's bullying had no effect on it. Third, negative parenting attitude increased multicultural adolescent's intention of school dropout, playing the most significant role in the change of their intention of school dropout. On the based of findings, the study suggested various the programs to prevent multicultural adolescent's intention of school dropout which can be practiced in the field service.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.86-94
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• 2019

This study investigated the differences of perceived parenting attitude and academic stress on smartphone addiction according to the classification of addiction-risk group among middle school students. A descriptive research design was used. The subjects were 358 middle school students from five middle school in Daegu. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS 18.0. Smartphone addiction-risk group was 97(27.0%) and general group was 261(72.9%). Smartphone addiction-risk group was more negatively perceived parenting attitude and higher academic stress than the general group. The most influential factors on addiction-risk group was using time in a day(${\beta}=.29.4$, p=.003) and general group was academic stress(${\beta}=.298$, p=.000). It is important to develop an intervention program to prevention the smartphone addiction according to the classification of addiction-risk group.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.543-550
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• 2021

This study is a descriptive investigative research study to understand the relationship between perceived parental parenting attitude, grit, and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students. The subjects of the study were 195 nursing students located in G city, data were collected from April to October 2019. The data analysis used the SPSS 24.0 program and descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. As a result of the study, the father's parenting attitude was 41.84±7.55 points, the mother's parenting attitude was 42.97±8.74 points, grit was 103.43±12.74 points, and career decision-making self-efficacy was 76.99±10 points. Career decision-making self-efficacy was a significant negative correlation with the father's parenting attitude (r=-.228, p<.001), Mother's parenting attitude (r=-.257, p<.001). However, There was a significant positive correlation with grit(r=.584, p<001). The major factors that affect the career decision-making self-efficacy were grit(β=.553, p<.001), and It's explanatory power was 35.2%. Therefore, in order to improve the career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students, guidance and education using a strategy to increase grit is necessary.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Excessive sugar intake is one of the causes associated with obesity and several chronic diseases prevalent in the modern society. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of parenting variables based on the theory of planned behavior, on the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Parents and their children (n = 103, aged 5-7 years) were enrolled to participate in a survey for this study, after providing the required informed consent. Parents were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire at their residence. The sweetness preference test for children was conducted at a kindergarten (or daycare center) by applying the one-on-one interview method. RESULTS: The children were divided into two clusters categorized by the K-mean cluster analysis: Cluster 1 had higher sweetness preference (0.42 M sugar, 35%; 0.61 M sugar, 65%); Cluster 2 exhibited lower sweetness preference (0.14 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.20 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.29 M sugar, 81%). Cluster 1 had a higher frequency of sweets intake (P < 0.01), and lower sweets restriction (P < 0.05) and nutrition quotient score (P < 0.05). Sweets intake was negatively correlated with the nutritional quotient (r = -0.204, P < 0.05). The behavioral intention of parents was higher in cluster 2 (P < 0.05), while affective attitude, feeding practice, and reward were higher in cluster 1 (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, behavioral intention of parents showed a negative correlation with affective attitude (r = -0.282, P < 0.01) and feeding practice (r = -0.380, P < 0.01), and a positive correlation with subjective norm (r = 0.203, P < 0.05) and parenting attitude (r = 0.433, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children is related to the parent's affective attitude, feeding practice and reward. We suggest that to reduce the sugar consumption of children, guidelines for access to sweets and pertinent parenting practices are required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.264-275
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of social withdrawal, depression, aggression, negative parenting attitude as parental factors, friendship as school factors, academic helplessness and smartphone dependence, persistence, etc. on adolescent delinquency experiences as perceived personal factors. was carried out to understand. For this study, first year middle school students in the first year of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCPYS 2018) were analyzed. As a result of the study, it was found that depression, aggression, social withdrawal as individual factors of adolescents, negative parenting attitude as parent factors, academic helplessness, negative friendships, smartphone dependence, persistence, etc. as school factors influence delinquent behavior of adolescents. In addition, it was found that smartphone dependence and persistence play a partial mediating role in the process of personal factors, parental factors, and school factors affecting adolescents' delinquency experiences. Based on these results, first, we need to break stereotypes about adolescents and understand the accurate understanding of adolescents' delinquent behaviors and what expectations they have. Second, practical education is required for parents and grandparents for consistent parenting attitudes and effective parenting. Third, a positive self-awareness and correct human relationship formation program should be operated in order to improve the friendship among adolescents. Finally, correct smartphone usage and counseling interventions and prevention programs to alleviate impulsivity are needed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.121-129
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the variables of parenting styles and dependency on the smart phone affect college students' satisfaction to campus life, to seek the better ways for the college students to fit into the new environment, and to offer the practical tips based on our findings. In this study, we applied the regression analysis to verify the relationship among the variables related to the satisfaction to university life and the mediating effect of dependency on the smart phone. The results of this study suggest that the positive rearing attitude, which is the subfactor of parenting styles, has a negative effect on the dependency on the smart phone, and that dependency on the smart phone has a negative effect on the satisfaction to college life. At the same time it is found out that the negative rearing attitude has a positive effect on dependency on the smart phone, and that dependency on the smart phone has a negative effect on the satisfaction to the college life. In addition, the dependency on the smart phone has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between the positive/negative rearing attitudes and dependency on the smart phone. Based on these findings, we recommended the better ways to improve college students' satisfaction to their college lives.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.145-152
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• 2018

The aim of this study is to search for a direction to reduce adolescents' mobile phone dependency. The fourth data for 4th graders who were 1,972 of 7th from the 2013 Korea Children & Youth Panel Survey were used. SPSS 21.0 was used. In addition, the mediating effects of ego-resiliency and gender-moderating effects between positive parenting attitude and mobile phone dependency were analyzed through descriptive statistics, data analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results found the followings: Positive parenting attitude increased ego-resiliency while lowering mobile phone dependency. Ego-resiliency had a negative influence on mobile phone dependency and mediating effects between the two variables. Gender had a moderating effect between two variables. Based on the above results, this study suggested a direction to cope with the problems which can result from the excessive use of mobile phone for both parents and their children.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.153-164
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the resilience of young single mothers on positive parenting behavior and the mediating effects of social prejudice on the relationship between resilience and positive parenting behavior. The findings of the study were as follows: First, optimism among resilience was found to have affected social prejudice in a negative way. Second, Positive attitude toward life and positive evaluation about self among resilience was found to have affected positive parenting behavior in a positive way. Third, Social prejudice was found to have affected positive parenting behavior in a negative way. Fourth, social prejudice was found to have had a mediating effect on the relationship between resilience and positive parenting behavior. This study is of significance in that it explored how to bolster the resilience and positive parenting behavior of young single mothers and urged counseling intervention and social-welfare approach to dispel social prejudice.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the parenting of mothers with infants and preschoolers in an effort to determine types of parenting. Methods: The 32 participating mothers were interviewed and from the content of the interviews, their parenting was analyzed. Statements were categorized and analyzed according to the selected procedure. Results: The parenting of mothers was classified into positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement, including 55 significant statements and 14 categories. Positive reinforcement was categorized as frequent skin contact, giving pleasure, spending a lot of time with children, improving children's self-esteem, being sensitive to children's needs, realistic discipline, developing independence, listening to children, and understanding and respecting children's feelings. Negative reinforcement was categorized as overprotection, inconsistent attitude, negligence, negative educational behavior, and emphasis on obedience. Conclusion: These results suggest that systematic education should be provided for mothers to increase their ability to provide good parenting. It is expected that the findings of this study would be useful in the development of efficient educational programs.