• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3619-3622
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• 2016

Background: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are high grade aggressive tumors generally with a poor prognosis, not responding to hormonal and anti Her2 Neu therapy. Expression of the antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 gene (Bcl-2) is associated with low grade, slowly proliferating hormone receptor positive tumors with improved survival. Anti Bcl2 agents can be used as alternative targeted therapy in triple negative cancers. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl2 in triple negative breast cancers and any correlation with clinicopathological variables in Northern Pakistan. Results: All 52 patients were females, aged between 28 and 80 years(average $48.0{\pm}12.1$). 28 cases (53.8%) were positive for Bcl2, this being associated with low grade invasive ductal carcinomas, lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion. Conclusions: Bcl-2 may be an important prognostic factor and its expression might be used for targeted therapy using Anti Bcl2 drugs.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.3-20
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and emotional perception bias. We used the useful field of view (UFOV) task to measure the visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and the emotional perception task to measure positive and negative emotional perception bias. A total of 48 participants took part in this study with 23 participants in the senior group and 25 in the junior group. The senior group showed slower response time and lower accuracy than the junior group in the UFOV task, indicating that the senior group had lower visuo-spatial attention allocation ability than the junior group. In the emotional perception task, the senior group showed both positive and negative emotional perception bias more than the junior group. The correlation analysis showed that the negative emotional perception bias for accuracy in the emotional perception task showed a positive correlation with the response time to the stimuli presented in the visual angle 30° in the UFOV task (r=.289). In addition, positive emotional perception bias for the accuracy in the emotional perception task showed a positive correlation with the accuracy of the stimuli presented in the visual angles 10°, 20°, and 30° in the UFOV task (r=.305, r=.322, and r=.299, respectively). However, it showed a negative correlation with the response time of the stimuli presented in the same location in the UFOV task (r=-.345, r=-.295, r=-.308). These results suggest that aging is associated with a decrease in the visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and perceptual bias toward positive and negative emotions. In addition, the positive and negative emotional perception biases associated with aging are potentially related to the reduced visuo-spatial attention allocation ability.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

A preliminary study into the protective mechanisms of adaptive immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in piglets (n = 9) born to a gilt challenged intranasally with a type-2 PRRSV. Immune parameters (neutralizing antibodies, $CD3^+CD4^+$, $CD3^+CD8^+$, $CD3^+CD4^+CD8^+$ T-lymphocytes, and PRRSV-specific interferon $(IFN)-{\gamma}$ secreting T-lymphocytes) were compared with infection parameters (macro- and microscopic lung lesion, and PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages ($CD172{\alpha}^+PRRSV-N^+\;PAM$) as well as with plasma and lymphoid tissue viral loads. Percentages of three T-lymphocyte phenotypes in 14-days post-birth (dpb) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) had significant negative correlations with percentages of $CD172{\alpha}^+PRRSV-N^+\;PAM$ (p < 0.05) as well as with macroscopic lung lesion (p < 0.01). Plasma and tissue viral loads had significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations with $CD3^+CD4^+CD8^+$ T-lymphocyte percentage in PBMC. Frequencies of $CD3^+CD8^+$ and $CD3^+CD4^+$ T-lymphocytes in 14-dpb PBMC had significant negative correlations with of lymph node (p = 0.04) and lung (p = 0.002) viral loads. $IFN-{\gamma}$-secreting T-lymphocytes frequency had a significant negative correlation with gross lung lesion severity (p = 0.002). However, neutralizing antibody titers had no significant negative correlation (p > 0.1) with infection parameters. The results indicate that T-lymphocytes contribute to controlling PRRSV replication in young piglets born after in-utero infection.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to predict the number of police calls using neural network which is one of the machine learning and negative binomial regression, by using the data of 112 police calls received from Chungnam Provincial Police Agency from June 2016 to May 2017. The variables which may affect the police calls have been selected for developing the prediction model : time, holiday, the day before holiday, season, temperature, precipitation, wind speed, jurisdictional area, population, the number of foreigners, single house rate and other house rate. Some variables show positive correlation, and others negative one. The comparison of the methods can be summarized as follows. Neural network has correlation coefficient of 0.7702 between predicted and actual values with RMSE 2.557. Negative binomial regression on the other hand shows correlation coefficient of 0.7158 with RMSE 2.831. Neural network has low interpretability, but an excellent predictability compared with the negative binomial regression. Based on the prediction model, the police agency can do the optimal manpower allocation for given values in the selected variables.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.120-122
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• 2003

In this study, an experiment was conducted in order to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of and on-line subjective assessment (OLSA) system. The present study compared Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) with the OLSA by presenting 28 subjects in their 20s with pictures arousing either positive or negative sensibility. According to the correlation coefficients, changes in subjective sensibility caused by the positive visual stimulus were related more closely to GSR, from the positive visual stimulus, and changes in subjective sensibility caused by the negative visual stimulus were related more closely to GSR from the negative visual stimulus. In conclusion, the most remarkable characteristic of the present system is that it not only assesses the average sensibility when stimuli are presented, but also shows the changing strength of sensibility over time.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the father's emotional expressiveness and verbal controls, and his children's social competency depending on gender. Subjects were 156 five-year-old children and their fathers in 4 private kindergarten in Gyeongi province. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentiles, means, standard deviations, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, and Pearson's correlations. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) A significant difference was found between the children's gender in terms of children's external behavioral problems in social competency. 2) There was a negative correlation between the fathers' negative emotional expressiveness and their male children's social competency. 3) There was a negative correlation between the fathers' imperative control under verbal controls and their male children's social competency.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover attitudes toward organ donation in brain dead donors and nursing ethical values of staff nurses. Method: The subjects were 196 nurses with direct patient care in a university hospital. Data collection was carried out for one month in September, 2008 using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standards deviation, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation with SPSS program. Result: The mean score of a positive attitude toward organ donation in brain dead donors was 3.59 points, and a negative attitude score was 3.02 points. The mean score of nursing ethical value was 3.05 points. The age and the length of career had a reverse correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Nursing ethical values had a positive correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase understanding and recognition of brain death organs donation in the nurses who participate in direct patient care so as to help facilitate organ donation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between eating disorders and parent-adolescent communication in middle school students. Method: There were 267 adolescents taken as participants from two middle schools in rural areas. Data were collected from June to July 2005, using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 questionnaire (23 items) and Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory (10 items for open family communication, 10 items for problem in family communication). The SPSS Win version 12.0 was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, and partial correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score on the eating disorder was 2.74 (range: 1-6). Meanwhile, the mean scores on the parent-adolescent communication was 3.37 (range: 1-5). There were significant differences in eating disorders according to gender, age, negative perception of the participant's body weight, family's perception of obesity, diet experiences, and BMI. Eating disorders showed a significant negative correlation with parent-adolescent communication. Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant negative correlation between eating disorders and parent-adolescent communication. In order to prevent an eating disorder, education and training to enhance communication skills should be provided to adolescents and their parents as well.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1515-1515
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• 2001

Retrogradation of starch is one of important quality indexes for food based on starch such as rice. Therefore, in this research, possibility of near infrared spectroscopy to determine the degree of the retrogradation was examined. The degree of the retrogradation was indicated as the degree of geratinization analyzed by BAP(-amylase-pullulanase) method. 20 samples which have a wide range of the degree of the retrogradation were prepared and the NIR spectra of the samples were measured in reflectance mode with the NIR Systems 6500. In the correlation plots calculated from the 2nd derivative values of the MSC treated spectra and the degree of the geratinization, the major negative peaks of 1544 nm and 2258 nm, and the major positive peaks of 1460 nm, 1602 nm, 1766 nm and 2136 nm could be observed, indicating that NIR absorption at the positive peak wavelengths became strong while the absorption at the negative peak wavelengths became weak as the degree of the retrogradation increased. Because there is negative correlation between the degree of the retrogradation and the degree of the geratinization. As a result of MLR using the 2nd derivative values of the MSC treated spectra and the degree of the geratinization, good calibration equation which include 2258 nm as the first wavelength and 1764 nm as the second one could be obtained, indicating that NIR spectroscopy has a possibility to detect the retrogradation of starch. In order to find the assignment of the bands observed in the correlation plots, further study may be needed.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among teachers' resilience, difficulty in emotional regulation, and teaching strategies for behavior problems of children. Methods: A total of 200 day care and kindergarten teachers were surveyed. The collected data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Results: First, teachers' resilience, difficulty in emotional regulation and teaching strategies for children with behavior problems were significantly related. Teachers' resilience showed a positive correlation with teachers' positive prevention and reaction strategies but showed a negative correlation with teachers' negative reaction strategies. Among the teachers' difficulty in emotional regulation, the factor of difficulty for impulsive control and lack of attention showed negative correlations with teachers' prevention and positive reaction strategies. Second, teachers' resilience and difficulty in emotional regulation significantly explained the teaching strategies for children with behavior problems. Teachers' resilience was found to be the most important variable explaining teaching strategies for children with behavior problems. Conclusion/Implications: This study revealed that teachers' resilience and difficulties in emotional regulation were important psychological and emotional characteristics for teachers when teaching children with behavior problems.