• 자원환경지질
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2021

골재는 주택 및 도로·항만 등과 같은 SOC건설에 사용되는 주요한 천연자원이며 국가건설의 기본이 되는 기초자재이다. 골재가 공사원가에서 차지하는 비중은 약 4%에 불과하나, 골재는 건설공사 용적의 약 80%를 점유함으로서 건설공사의 양과 질을 좌우하는 필수요소이다. 하천, 수중, 하상, 바다, 육상 골재는 생산시 환경 문제와 제한된 부존량으로 인해 골재수급에 어려움이 발생할 경우 골재의 생산량을 급격하게 증가시키기 어려운 반면에 산림골재는 증산이 비교적 용이하다. 산림골재는 부존량이 풍부해 향후 다른 골재 감축시 대체 골재자원으로 유망하게 평가받고 있으며, 잘 짜여진 계획과 정책에 따라 골재수요에 유연하게 대응할 수 있는 효과적인 골재재원이다. 본 연구에서는 산림골재 개발에 큰 영향을 미치는 운반거리를 중심으로, 운반거리가 긴 경우와 짧은 경우에 대해서 산림골재 활성화 방안과 더불어 현재 산림골재 개발의 난제에 대한 대책을 제시하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 환경 문제에 대한 시대적 배경과에 맞추어 일본의 대표적인 친환경 건축가인 후지모리 테루노부 작품에 나타나는 공간표현 특성을 알아보고자한다. 연구 방법으로는 1990년대부터 현재까지의 작품 중 그를 대표하는 다실 공간 5곳을 선정하여 문헌연구를 통하여 공간의 표현 특성을 알아보고자 한다. 분석결과로는 반드시 자연소재를 사용하여 공간을 마감 하고 건축물에 식물을 도입하는 전략을 적극적으로 사용하고 있었다. 일본의 전통방식을 차용하는 전략은 공상성과 일탈성을 나타내는 공간표현 방식으로 사용하고 있었다. 이 시대에 새로움을 추구하는 현대인들의 요구와 실현 가능한 대안의 친환경 건축 계획 시 또 다른 공간디자인 방법론으로 제시할 수 있다고 기대해 본다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Linking Ukraine's education system with the trends of global digitalization is mandatory to ensure the sustainable, long-term development of the country, as well as to increase the sustainability of the education system and the economy as a whole during the crisis period. Now the main problems of the education system in Ukraine are manifested in a complex context caused by Russian armed aggression. In the context of war, problems include differences in adaptation to online learning among educational institutions, limited access to education for vulnerable groups in the zone of active hostilities, the lack of digital educational resources suitable for online learning, and the lack of basic digital skills and competencies among students and teachers necessary to properly conduct online classes. Some of the problems of online learning were solved in the pandemic, but in the context of war Ukrainian society needs a new vision of education and continuous efforts of all social structures in the public and private environment. In the context of war, concerted action is needed to keep education on track and restore it in active zones, adapting to the needs of a dynamic society and an increasingly digitized economy. Among the urgent needs of the education system are a change in the teaching-learning paradigm, which is based on content presentation, memorization, and reproduction, and the adoption of a new, hybrid educational model that will encourage the development of necessary skills and abilities for students and learners in a digitized society and enable citizens close to war zones to learn.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2023

Consumer demand for products with health benefits and natural ingredients is significant for the expansion of functional foods. Edible films and coatings are an excellent way to diversify the market for functional foods and as substitutes for the prevailing packaging and products. Incorporation of whey protein (WP) and its active ingredients into edible films and coatings is a promising technique that can be applied to various food products. Numerous combinations can be used on an industrial scale depending on the purpose, product, nature of the film, type of active ingredient, and type of inclusions. In this review, we describe several characteristics of edible WP films and coatings used as novel packaging materials. WP-based packaging can play a beneficial role in sustainability because of the option of recycling materials rather than incinerating, as in synthetic laminates, because of the use of natural byproducts from the food industry as raw materials. However, cost-effectiveness is a driving force against industrial setbacks in current and future WP processing developments. The industrial application of this new technology depends on further scientific research aimed at identifying the mechanism of film formation to improve the performance of both the process and product. Furthermore, research such as consumer studies and long-term toxicity assessments are required to obtain significant market shares.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Eco-village has been regarded as an alternative to accomplish sustainable development for rural village. This study has intended to develop comprehensive planning indicators to establish an eco-village based on such aspects of sustainable development as economy, environment, and society. To reach this objective, this study has set up six goals as follows: 1) ecological production activities for agriculture, 2) resource circulation and energy independence in the economic domain; 3) building cultural and historical succession and community activation, and 4) living together with surrounding regions in social domain; and 5) maintaining environmental habitat, and 6) restoring natural ecosystem in environmental domain. Based on these goals, this study has developed the planning indicators to build an eco-village through case study, literature review, survey for suitability, and factor analysis. This study has found 17 strategies and 47 planning indicators in accordance with the six goals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2001

Animals are one of the important memberships of the food chain. The low-efficiency rule of nutrient transfer from one member to the next in the food chain determines the low efficiency of animal agriculture for human food. On the average, about 20% feed proteins and 15% feed energy can be converted into edible nutrients for humans. The rest proportion of feed nutrients is exposed to the environment. Environmental pollution, therefore, is inevitable as animal agriculture grows intensively and extensively. The over-loading of the environment by nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus from animal manure results in soil and water spoilage. The emission of gases like $CH_2$, $CO_2$, $SO_2$, NO, $NO_2$ by animals are one of the contributors for the acidification of the environment and global warming. The inefficient utilization of natural resources and the probable unsafety of animal products to human health are also a critical environmental issue. Improving the conversion efficiency of nutrients in the food chain is the fundamental strategy for solving environmental issues. Specifically in animal agriculture, the strategy includes the improvements of animal genotypes, nutritional and feeding management, animal health, housing systems and waste disposal programs. Animal nutrition science plays a unique and irreplaceable role in the control of nutrient input and output in either products or wastes. Several nutritional methods are proved to be effective in alleviating environmental pollution. A lot of nutritional issues, however, remain to be further researched for the science of animal nutrition to be a strong helper for sustainability of animal agriculture.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.203-227
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• 2013

Global demand for dwelling energy and implications of changing climatic conditions on buildings confront the built environment to build sustainable dwellings. This study investigates the variability of future climatic conditions on newly built detached dwellings in the UK. Series of energy modelling and simulations are performed on ten detached houses to evaluate and predict the impact of varying future climatic patterns on five building performance indicators. The study identifies and quantifies a consistent declining trend of building performance which is in consonance with current scientific knowledge of annual temperature change prediction in relations to long term climatic variation. The average percentage decrease for the annual energy consumption was predicted to be 2.80, 6.60 and 10.56 for 2020s, 2050s and 2080s time lines respectively. A similar declining trend in the case of annual natural gas consumption was 4.24, 9.98 and 16.1, and that for building emission rate and heating demand were 2.27, 5.49 and 8.72 and 7.82, 18.43 and 29.46 respectively. The study further analyse future heating and cooling demands of the three warmest months of the year and ascertain future variance in relative humidity and indoor temperature which might necessitate the use of room cooling systems to provide thermal comfort.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.733-745
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• 2001

This review paper discusses the relevance and potential importance of food-feed systems in Asian agricultural systems, and in particular the role and contribution of legumes to these systems. A food-feed system is one that maintains, if not increases, the yield of food crops, sustains soil fertility, and provides dietary nutrients for animals. It involves a cropping pattern within which the feed crop has many beneficial effects without competing for land, soil nutrients and water with the food crops. The agricultural environment is described with reference to the priority agro-ecological zones and prevailing mixed farming systems in Asia. Within these systems, animal production is severely hampered by critical feed shortages which can however, be alleviated by the integration of suitable leguminous forages into the cropping systems. The review also focuses on the role and potential importance of leguminous forages in terms of biodiversity, their uses in farming systems, beneficial effects on animal performance, and draws attention to six case studies in different countries that clearly demonstrate many benefits of developing such food-feed systems. Considerable opportunities exist for widening the use of forage legumes in the development of systems with several complementary advantages (e.g. fenceline, cover crops, fodder banks, forage source and erosion control) to improve the development of sustainable crop-animal systems in Asia.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2006

The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry announced in 2001 that the overall amount of paddy land set aside for rice will be cut down by 12% by 2005, decreasing from 1.08 million to 953,000 hectares. When evaluating the value of paddy rice systems, the multi-function of paddy systems in the monsoon climate is vital importance. The main functions of paddy rice systems are to conserve biodiversity and maintain sustainability. Some crucial environmental benefits of the paddy rice systems include: flood prevention, recharge of water resources, water purification, soil erosion and landslide prevention, soil purification, landscape preservation and air purification. The paddy rice systems in Korea, which are more diverse than upland crop systems, are known to be composed of 14 orders, 36 families and 134 species. The sustain ability of paddy rice production systems can never be overestimated. Rice is part of the culture and even the heart of spiritual life in the area under the monsoon climate. Therefore paddy rice systems should be preserved with the highest priority being the enhancement of the systems' multi-function. As an outlook to future research, the need of joint and interdisciplinary research projects between economists and natural scientists at inland as well as international levels were emphasized in establishing the development of counter-measure logic through actual proofed analysis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

The production of high-value chemicals from natural resources as an alternative for petroleum-based products is currently expanding in parallel with biorefinery. The use of lignocellulosic biomass as raw material is promising to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. Filamentous fungi, particularly Aspergillus species, are already used industrially to produce organic acid as well as many enzymes. The production of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes opens the possibility for direct fungal fermentation towards organic acids such as itaconic acid (IA) and fumaric acid (FA). These acids have wide-range applications and potentially addressable markets as platform chemicals. However, current technologies for the production of these compounds are mostly based on submerged fermentation. This work showed the capacity of two Aspergillus species (A. terreus and A. oryzae) to yield both acids by solid-state fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. FA was optimally produced at by A. oryzae in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (0.54 mg/g wheat bran). The yield of 0.11 mg IA/g biomass by A. oryzae is the highest reported in the literature for simultaneous solid-state fermentation without sugar supplements.