• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.219-234
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• 2014

박물관에서 소장품의 저산소 농도 살충처리를 위해, 직물, 염색 직물, 종이, 염색지 및 채색편의 색상 및 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 저산소 농도 살충 조건은 질소 및 아르곤을 사용하여 조성한 산소 농도 0.01%, 온도($20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$), 습도 50%, 살충 시간 30일이였다. 직물은 생견 직물, 자외선 열화 생견 직물, 정련 견직물, 자외선 열화 정련 견직물, 광목 및 자외선 열화 광목을 평가 대상으로 하였다. 천연염색 견직물과 면직물은 생쪽, 쪽, 홍화, 자초, 꼭두서니, 소목, 황벽, 울금, 치자, 황련, 괴화, 코치닐, 자광, 오리나무, 오배자, 밤피 및 쪽과 홍화 복염, 쪽과 황벽 복염, 쪽과 괴화 복염, 쪽과 소목 복염 등 천연염색 직물 각 20종이었다. 평가 대상 종이는 한지(닥지, 닥과 볏짚 혼합지), 화지(안피지), 면지, 린넨지, 면, 아마 및 마닐라삼 혼합지, 복사지, 신문지, 반수 닥지 등 9종이었다. 염색지는 한지에 쪽, 소목, 꼭두서니, 홍화, 치자, 황벽, 괴화로 천연염색한 것을 평가하였다. 채색편은 반수 한지와 반수 화견에 석청, 석록, 주사, 주, 석자황, 등황, 연단, 대자, 석간주, 니람, 연지(자광, 코치닐, 홍화, 꼭두서니), 뇌록, 스몰트, 울트라마린블루, 라피스라즈리, 프러시안블루, 백토, 연백, 호분(굴껍질 호분, 대합껍질 호분) 등 23종의 안료 분말을 아교물에 개어 도포한 것이었다. 평가 대상 재료에 대해 저산소 농도 살충처리 전후의 색차를 평가한 결과, 색차 ${\Delta}E^*$는 1.5 이하이거나 대조군보다 낮았으며, 직물 및 염색 직물의 살충처리 전후의 인장강도 변동률은 기준치 이하였다. 그리고 가스(질소와 아르곤)와 살충 온도에 따른 색차 및 인장강도 변동률에 대한 영향도 없었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.343-357
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• 1999

The color change of maxillofacial silicone has been attributed to certain environmental factors such as exposure to the UV component of natural sunlight, wetting and drying of the elastomer and surface abrasion resulting from the application and removal of cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color change of maxillofacial silicone (Silastic MDX4-4210) according to type of pigment (cadmium yellow, titanium white, cosmetic red), and UV absorber application method after 200, 400, and 600 hours of 350nm UV light irradiation. The results were as follows. 1. According to type of pigments, after 200 hours cosmetic red showed significantly larger color change than cadmium yellow and titanium white, and after 400 and 600 hours color change significantly decreased in the order of cosmetic red, cadmium yellow, and titanium white (p<0.05). 2. In the cadmium yellow group, after 200 hours, the non-treatment group showed significantly larger color change, but after 400 and 600 hours, color change significantly decreased in the order of non-treatment, surface application and mixed group (p<0.05). 3. In the titanium white group, there was no significant color change difference between the three groups after 200 and 400 hours, but after 600 hours, the mixed group showed significantly smalt or color change than the non-treatment and surface application groups (p<0.05). 4. In the cosmetic red group, there was significant decrease in color change in the order of non-treatment, surface application and mixed group (p<0.05). From the results above, the effect of UV light absorber differed according to the type of pigment, but mixing UV light absorber with maxillofacial silicone is thought to give superior resistance against UV light irradiation in the long run.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1090-1095
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• 2014

Anthocyanins, a class of flavonoids, are natural water-soluble pigments, which are mainly found in vegetables and fruits. Anthocyanins have attractive pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of anthocyanins-rich fraction (ANF) from Korean purple sweet potato variety, "Shinjami", against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced oxidative stress. In our results, pre-treatment of HepG2 cells with ANF ($10{\mu}g/mL$) significantly prevented cell death and maintained cell integrity, following exposure to 0.9 mM hydrogen peroxide. The $H_2O_2$-dependent production of intracellular ROS was also significantly decreased by pre-treatment with ANF (6 h, $10{\mu}g/mL$). In addition, ANF increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and glutathione level in $H_2O_2$-treated HepG2 cells. These results indicated that ANF protected HepG2 cells against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress by inducing protective system.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2018

Anthocyanins are naturally occurring water-soluble polyphenolic pigments in plants that have been shown to protect against cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers, as well as other chronic human disorders. However, the anti-obesity effects of anthocyanins are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of anthocyanins isolated from the fruit of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Our data indicated that anthocyanins attenuated the terminal differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, as confirmed by a decrease in the number of lipid droplets, lipid content, and triglyceride production. During this process, anthocyanins effectively enhanced the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); however, this phenomenon was inhibited by the co-treatment of compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK. Anthocyanins also inhibited the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a and b, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c. In addition, anthocyanins were found to potently inhibit the expression of adipocyte-specific genes, including adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, leptin, and fatty acid synthase. These results indicate that anthocyanins have potent anti-obesity effects due to the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis, and thus may have applications as a potential source for an anti-obesity functional food agent.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2015

Anthocyanins are water soluble plant pigments which are responsible for the blue, red, pink, violet colors in several plant organs such as flowers, fruits, leaves and roots. In recent years, anthocyanin-rich foods have been favored as dietary supplements and health care products due to diverse biological activities of anthocyanins including antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and preventing cardiovascular disease. High-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) coupled with reversed-phase medium pressure liquid chromatography (RP MPLC) method was applied for the rapid and efficient isolation of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) from black rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae). The crude black rice extract (500 mg) was subjected to HPCCC using two-phase solvent system composed of tert-butyl methyl ether/n-butanol/ acetonitrile/0.01% trifluoroacetic acid (TBME/B/A/0.01% TFA, 1 : 3 : 1 : 5, v/v, flow rate - 4.5 mL/min, reversed phase mode) to give enriched anthocyanin extract (37.4 mg), and enriched anthocyanin extract was sequentially chromatographed on RP-MPLC to yield C3G (16.5 mg) and P3G (8.7 mg). The recovery rate and purity of isolated C3G were 76.0% and 98.2%, respectively, and those of P3G were 58.3% and 96.3%, respectively. The present study indicates that HPCCC coupled with RP-MPLC method is more rapid and efficient than multi-step conventional column chromatography for the separation of anthocyanins.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2009

In this paper, Tagetes extracts were extracted from leave, root, stem and flower at $100^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes. Silk fabrics were dyed with Tatetes Patula L. to investigate the dyeing properties in accordance with dye concentration, pH, temperature, time of pre-, simul- and post-treatment of mordants using the three types of mordants. As a result, the surface color of the silk fabrics was yellowish regardless of the types of mordants. However, the a values were decreased and b values were increased in the order of the dyeing using Al>Cu>Fe: Al mordanted silk fabrics were appeared in greenish yellow and Fe mordanted silk fabrics were done in redish yellow. K/S values of the silk fabrics treated with Fe mordant were 3 times higher than those of Al and Cu mordants according to the increase in dye concentration. This behaviour was shown even in the increase of mordant concentration due to the interaction of mordant and pigments of Tatetes Patula L. But, the types of mordants did not affect because the equilibrium was obtained in 20 minutes in a similar way. And it showed that the highest K/S value of the silk fabrics studied was pH 4 and $80^{\circ}C$ regardless of the types of mordants.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.453-457
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• 2007

감마선 조사가 비트의 품질특성 및 비트의 주요 색소인 betalain에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 비트에 2.5kGy, 5kGy, 10kGy 및 30kGy로 감마선 조사를 실시하였다. 조사에 따른 betalain추출량에는 차이가 없었으며 betacyanin과 betaxanthin은 5kGy의 조사선량에서 높은 optical density 값을 나타내었다. 조사선량이 증가할수록 비트의 명도, 적색도 그리고 황색도는 감소하였으며 pH는 조사에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 10kGy이상의 감마선 조사는 물성에 나쁜 품질을 나타내었으며 항산화효과는 감마신 조사에 의한 유의적인 변화(p<0.05)를 보이지 않았다. 따가서 천연색소 및 물성 측면에서 볼 때 비트에 대한 10kGy 이상의 감마선 조사는 바람직하지 않은 것으로 생각한다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권3호통권130호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2002

Flavonoid seems to have various biological effects. Quercetin is a kind of natural plant flavonoids and has multiple biological effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenec agent. Melanogenesis is a physiological process resulting in the synthesis of melanin pigments, which play a crucial protective role against skin photocarcinogenesis. This present study was designed to investigate effect of quercetin on proliferation and melanogenesis in Melan-a melanocyte cells. After 48h treatment of cells with quercetin, the cells exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition in their proliferation without apoptosis. Therefore, thε growth retardation by the extract may be due to the cell arrest or cell differentiation. We also investigated the effect of quercetin on melanogenesis of this cells. Melan-a melanocyte cells were grown for 48h in the presence of $0.01-60\;{\mu}g/ml$ quercetin and the total melanin content and activity of tyrosinase were measured. Quercetin stimulated melanization of the cells in low concentrations $(0.01-1.0\;{\mu}g/ml)$, whereas it inhibited melanization in high concentrations $(5.0-30\;{\mu}g/ml)$. It was observed that quercetin differently regulates melanogenesis of Melan-a melanocyte cells dependent on Its concentrations.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.107-122
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• 2012

식물에서 화색은 종자를 퍼트리기 위해 꽃가루 매개충과 초식동물을 유인하는데 매우 중요한 도구이다. 사람에게 화색은 다채로운 시각적 다양성으로 큰 심미적 가치를 지님으로써 화훼산업의 발전은 새롭고 다양한 매력을 지닌 화색을 생산하는 방향으로 꾸준히 발전되어 왔다. 카로티노이드 성분은 화색 중에서 적색, 홍색, 황색을 나타내는 천연색소로서 이러한 카로티노이드 생합성 경로는 생명공학 기술을 이용하여 화색을 변화시키려는 대사공학의 주된 대상으로 여겨져 왔다. 본 총설에서는 카로티노이드 생합성 대사관련 유전자 발현 조절에 의한 색소 표현형의 변화를 소개하고자 하며, 최근 카로티노이드의 생합성을 넘어 절단과 축적 조절이 화색 변경을 위한 대표적인 기작으로 보고됨에 따라 다양한 화색만큼이나 다양한 조절 기작에 대한 현재까지의 지식을 총 동원하여 원하는 화색을 지닌 인공적인 꽃(engineered flower)을 생산하기 위한 전략을 종합해서 제시하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2000

The photosensory ciliates Blepharisma japonicum and Stentor coeruleus use the hypericin-derived pigments blepharismin and stentorin, respectively, as photoreceptor chromophores. Fluorescence quenching studies have shown that the first excited singlet state of hypericin and the purified chromophores blepharismin and stentorin can be deactivated by electron transfer to an acceptor molecule with a suitable reducing potential [1,2]. This paper reports the result of a series of photobehavioral experiments performed with the aim to ascertain if the same electron accepters which quench the photoreceptor pigment fluorescence in vitro may also compete with the native acceptor molecule in its natural physiological environment. Individual cell trajectories were examined before and after light stimulation, in the presence and in the absence of potential "in vivo" electron accepters, with a microvideo-recording apparatus. Our data, on Blepharisma cells, showed that as the negative reduction potential of the electron acceptor increases, a pronounced decrease in cell photoresponsiveness was detected. A dramatic effect on cell photoresponsiveness was noticed in the presence of 1,4-benzoquinone that has the lowest negative reduction potential. Such an effect on the percentage of photoreacting cells was moderate in the case of 1,4-naphthoquinone, with a relatively higher negative reduction potential. In the presence of benzophenone, which has the highest negative reduction potential, no significant effect on photoreacting cells was noticed. Our results can support the hypothesis that in the pigment granules such a light-induced charge transfer from excited blepharismin to a suitable electron acceptor triggers sensory transduction processes in B. japonicum.