• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 1991

Results from study on physiological responses to $SO_2$ of Quercus spp. selected for restoration of vegetation damaged by air pollution in the field study were as follows. Tolerance of Quercus aliena, Q. acutissima and Q. mongolica used in this study to $SO_2$ was higher in that order and tolerance of these plants to $SO_2$ was high comparatively among trees composing of major forest vegetation of Korea including natural forests and plantations. Stomatal resistance of these plants was increased after exposure to $SO_2$ and range of increase was different among species. From discrepancy between order of tolerance to $SO_2$ and range of increase in stomatal resistance, we were estimated that resistance mechanisms of Quercus spp. were different among species as mechanism originated in avoidance and resistance, respectively. Water potential of plant leaves reduced after exposure to $SO_2$, degree of reduction accorded with order of tolerance to $SO_2$. Reduction of water potential of plants after exposure to $SO_2$ was initiated before appearance of visible damage in plant leaves and water potential of plants exposed to $SO_2$ of low concentration, in which plants were not showed viaible damage was also reduced.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.3 s.59
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• pp.275-280
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• 2005

Development of the fourth-instar larvae of Chironomus riparius has a sensitive to ecdysteroid hormones. The 2D/E gel analysis for polypeptide expression reflecting early-ecdysterone inducible gene has conducted the emerged female from larval phase exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). In the 2D/E gel 1108 protein spots were identified. The visualized protein spots allowed extraction of 17 protein spots differed more than 3 fold in BPA treated animals, which was approximately $1.6\%$ of the total protein spots. However, polypeptide expression reflecting early-ecdysterone inducible gene didn't change after treatments. In addition, detection for the damages or changes in mitogenome level was observed. The conserved cytochrome oxidase I in DNA level affected exposure to BPA $(1{\mu}gL^{-1})$ in this preliminary study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.214-217
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• 1999

Polymeric composite insulators have been in use for outdoor insulation. However, our knowledge about their long-term performance in a outdoor environment is still very limited. Especially, these insulator are subjected to the environmental stress such as ultraviolet radiation. Hence, in this paper. the influence of UV radiation on the aging of the shed materials was evaluated. For the aging evaluation, these insulators studied by experiment methods such as contact angle measurement. oxidation induced time. SEM/EDX, FTRI-ATR, tracking test for the different insulator samples. With the increased UV exposure time, samples are shown to exhibit degradation comparable to those of new ones

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.11b
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• pp.629-635
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• 1996

The lifetime radiation-induced cancer mortality for Korean has been estimated for both single and continuous radiation exposure using the BEIR V method. In case of single exposure, a dominant cancer site for young and old ages was digestive and respiratory cancer, respectively. For Korean population, digestive cancer was the most dominant radiation-induced cancer site. In case of 1 mGy/yr continuous exposure from birth to death, the contribution of total radiation-induced cancer mortality was negligible as within 3% in comparison with total natural cancer mortality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2000

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1985

Effect of various fractions from the roots of Patrinia scabiosaefolia (Valerianaceae) and whole plants of Melandryum firmum (Caryophyllaceae) on enzyme activities in mice was investigated. The butanol fractions from both plants caused a significant elevation of serum transaminase activities when administered intraperitoneally, but did not, orally. Prolonged exposure by oral administration of both plants elevated hepatic cytochrome p-450 content, indicating the induction of drug metabolizing enzymes in liver.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.241-250
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• 2011

The safety of human exposure to an ever-increasing number and diversity of electromagnetic field (EMF) sources both at work and at home has clearly become a public health issue. To date many $in$ $vivo$ and $in$ $vitro$ studies revealed that EMF exposure can alter cellular metabolism, endocrine function, immune activity, reproductive function, and fetal development in animal system. The major parameters found to be altered in cells or individuals following EMF exposure include an increase of free radicals, DNA damage, cancer risk, developmental defect, and reproductive dysfunctions. Epidemiological studies reported EMF can increase life-threatening illnesses such as leukemia, brain cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, clinical depression, suicide, and Alzheimer's disease has been identified. These effects of EMF exposure differ according to duration of exposure, frequency of waves, and strength (energy) of EMF. In the present review, we briefly introduced the physical properties of EMF and summarized the effect of EMF on human and wildlife animals according to types of EMF, duration of exposure at cellular and organism levels.

• Journal of the Korean Medical Association
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.749-755
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• 2018

Particulate matter is an air pollutant emitted from both natural and anthropogenic sources, and its adverse health effects have been well documented in time-series analyses and cohort studies. The effect size of particulate matter exposure-a roughly 0.5% increase in mortality for each $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increment of short-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ${\leq}10{\mu}m$ and approximately a 10% increase for each $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increment of long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ${\leq}2.5{\mu}m$-is small compared to other risk factors, but the exposure is involuntary and affects the entire population, which makes particulate matter pollution an important public health issue. The World Health Organization and Korean government have both established guidelines for particulate matter concentrations, but the Korean guideline is less stringent than that of the World Health Organization. The annual mean concentration of particulate matter in Korea is decreasing, but the trend seems to be slowing. In addition to policy efforts to reduce particulate matter emission, personal approaches such as the use of face masks and air purifiers have been recommended. Personal approaches may not solve the fundamental problem, but can provide temporary mitigation until efforts to reduce emission make progress.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 1989

Natural killer (NK) cells are a heteroguneous subpopulation of lymphocytes that spontaneously exhibit cytotoxic activity against various virus-Infected and neoplastic target cells without prior exposure to a specific antigen. It was thought that NK calls play an important role in immunosurvrillanre against viral agents and tumors, and in prevention of metastasis. Recently, several reports have indicated evidence that ginseng extracts show a significant stimulatory effect on the humoral and cellular immune responses. This evidence gives support to the suggestion that the anticarcinogenic effect of ginseng may be due to the effect of ginseng on the immunological system. Treatment with total, diol, and triol saponin resulted in an increase in NK cytotoxic activity, but no enhancement of the lytic activity due to the natural killer cytotoxic factor (NKCF). Therefore, these results suggest that the augmentation of NK activity by ginseng saponin fractions may not be due to the activation of NKCF lytic activity.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1980

A portable count-ratemeter and a thermoluminescent detector ($CaSO_4:Dy$) have been used to obtain total gamma dose rates at approximately 50 locations during the course of several survey trips in the southeastern Korea. The purposes of these measurement were to provide a future reference data and to establish the approximate range of population exposure to the natural environmental radiation. The natural levels encountered ranged from a low of 14.6 microroentgen per hour to a high of 18.9 microroentgen per hour with a mean of $16.3{\pm}1.0$ microroentgen per hour. Among these results are the relatively high natural dose rate levels in the Masan area and Yangsan-Tongdosa area with the relatively low natural dose rate levels in the Gyeongsan-Cheongdo area and the Samrangjin-Jinyeong-Gimhae area.