• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.2709-2714
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• 2014

This paper has analyzed the change of threshold voltage and conduction path for the ratio of top and bottom gate oxide thickness of asymmetric double gate MOSFET. The asymmetric double gate MOSFET has the advantage that the factor to be able to control the current in the subthreshold region increases. The analytical potential distribution is derived from Poisson's equation to analyze the threshold voltage and conduction path for the ratio of top and bottom gate oxide thickness. The Gaussian distribution function is used as charge distribution. This analytical potential distribution is used to derive off-current and subthreshold swing. By observing the results of threshold voltage and conduction path with parameters of bottom gate voltage, channel length and thickness, projected range and standard projected deviation, the threshold voltage greatly changed for the ratio of top and bottom gate oxide thickness. The threshold voltage changed for the ratio of channel length and thickness, not the absolute values of those, and it increased when conduction path moved toward top gate. The threshold voltage and conduction path changed more greatly for projected range than standard projected deviation.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.48-71
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• 2024

In the modern era of digital sophistication, effective public administration warrants a citizen-centric approach that not only anticipates the needs of public service users but also comprehends their behaviors in undertaking proactive measures to deliver public services as needed. This study adopts a typological perspective by viewing e-government users as distinct consumer groups with individualized demands, behavioral tendencies, and perceptual attributes. Utilizing data from a 2021 survey on e-government service utilization, a two-step cluster analysis was conducted to delineate user typology through an empirical study. The analysis incorporated variables such as the purpose of using e-government, selected e-government channels, subjective perceptions of technological risk, and personal innovativeness. Accordingly, e-government users were classified into five distinct typological groups labeled "Unilateral Active Users Geared to Social Media," "Versatile Power Users," "Unilateral Pragmatic Active Users," "Occasional Passive Users," and "Minimal Users." This typological differentiation of e-government user groups is intended to help identify unique user demands and characteristics so as to facilitate the delivery of tailored e-government services and informed policy decisions catering to the diverse needs of users.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.22-30
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• 2010

This paper proposes a combination system of Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), which improves the throughput and has a better reliability. In addition, the system includes Precoding, Antenna Subset Selection and MIMO Mode Selection scheme. Finally, we make a performance analysis of the proposed system. The principal environmental parameters for the simulation experiment consist of a frequency non-selective rayleigh fading channel and a Spreading Factor (SF) of 16. Other parameters may be included in order to fulfill the requirements of the HSDP A Standard. The proposed system has a higher throughput and more reliability than the conventional system, which does not include MIMO Mode Selection scheme, Precoding or Antenna Subset Selection. According to the simulation results, the proposed system reaches the maximum throughput at 8dB, presentlng an improvement of 6dB and twice higher throughput, respect to the conventional system. Specifically, at the point of -6dB, the conventional system reaches 2.5Mbps, while the proposed system reaches 6.4Mbps at the same SNR. Also, at the point of 2dB, each system reaches 7.5Mbps (conventional system) and 15.3Mbps (proposed system), with near twice the difference. According to the results exposed above, we can conclude that the system proposed in this paper has, as the greatest contribution, the improvement of the throughput, especially, the average throughput.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.9-15
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• 2010

This paper presents an analysis of asynchronous multicarrier-code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) uplink systems over frequency-selective multipath fading channels when the frequency offsets (FOs) of all users are random variables and the frequency offset for the desired user is compensated. The effect of a residual frequency offset(RFO) on the average bit error rate (BER) is evaluated by the semi-analytical method, then the approximated BER performance is obtained as a closed-form expression. Moreover, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) loss caused by RFO is evaluated. Derived results show that the performance degradation due to RFO is negligible if the estimation error of RFO for the desired user is less than the normalized value of 0.1.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.903-908
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• 2015

This paper has analyzed threshold voltage shift for doping profile of asymmetric double gate(DG) MOSFET. Ion implantation is usually used in process of doping for semiconductor device and doping profile becomes Gaussian distribution. Gaussian distribution function is changed for projected range and standard projected deviation, and influenced on transport characteristics. Therefore, doping profile in channel of asymmetric DGMOSFET is affected in threshold voltage. Threshold voltage is minimum gate voltage to operate transistor, and defined as top gate voltage when drain current is $0.1{\mu}A$ per unit width. The analytical potential distribution of series form is derived from Poisson's equation to obtain threshold voltage. As a result, threshold voltage is greatly changed by doping profile in high doping range, and the shift of threshold voltage due to projected range and standard projected deviation significantly appears for bottom gate voltage in the region of high doping concentration.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.917-922
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• 2016

Recently, energy harvesting, in which energy is collected from RF signals, has been regarded as a promising technology to improve the lifetime of sensors by alleviating the lack of power supply problem. In this paper, we try to propose an efficient algorithm for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. At first, we find the lower bound of water-level using the probability density function of channel, and derive the solution of power allocation in energy harvesting networks. In addition, we derive an efficient power splitting method for satisfying the minimum required harvested energy constraint. The simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme improves the average data rate while guaranteeing the minimum required harvested energy constraint, compared with the conventional scheme. In addition, the proposed algorithm can reduce the computational complexity remarkably with insignificant performance degradation less than 10%, compared to the optimal solution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.343-360
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• 2000

The information technology(IT) development of telecommunication, along with the informationalization over the world, enables the firms to process their inner and outer operations through Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system. And the concept of logistics has become more important to the enterprises in strategic sense because it had aggrandized itself to more comprehensive and integrative concept. Also the world shipping market is more competitive than any other market. In these environment, to maintain competitve power, shipping firms process operations by Logistics Information system(LIS), And then, reduce the working processes, working time and its costs. So the LIS has become more important in developing our national logistics system and industry. Therefore, this study purposes on empirically analyzing the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances in the shipping industry. Considering environments of Shipping logistics information system, this study sets up the research model and hypothesis to examine the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances. We used the field data on the 163 numbers of firms(29 overseas shipping companies and 133 forwarding Agency) to get the empirical evidence. According to the study results, The shipping LIS activation factors which the sample firms recognized as important: were top manager's support, well structured communication channel, strategic plan's connection and inner informationalization level. And IS organization ＆ human resources, IS discipline ＆ training, software development, IS organizational alignment, database management system, information standardization, competitive advantage, financial support and government support represent partially significant. Also, the current shipping LIS's main problems are expensive system cost, standardization of working process's, institution's imperfection and system's interaction defect. So these problems must be improved to activate shipping LIS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 2001

The information technology(IT) development of telecommunication, along with the information analyzation over the world, enables the firms to process their inner and outer operations through Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system. And the concept of logistics has become more important to the enterprises in strategic sense because it had aggrandized itself to more comprehensive and integrative concept. Also the world shipping market is more competitive than any other market. In these environment, to maintain competitive power, shipping firms process operations by Logistics Information system(LIS), And then, reduce the working processes, working time and its costs. So the LIS has become more important in developing our national logistics system and industry. Therefore, this study purposes on empirically analyzing the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these, factors with logistic performances in the shipping industry. Considering environments of Shipping logistics information system, this study sets up the research model and hypothesis to examine the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances. We used the field data on the 163 numbers of firms(29 overseas shipping companies and 133 forwarding Agency) to get the empirical evidence. According to the study results, The shipping LIS activation factors which the sample firms recognized as important: were top managers support, well structured communication channel, strategic plans connection and inner information analyzation level. And IS organization & human resources, IS discipline & training, software development, IS organizational alignment, database management system, information standardization, competitive advantage, financial support and government support represent partially significant. Also, the current shipping LISs main problems are expensive system cost, standardization of working processs, institutions imperfection and systems interaction defect. So these problems must be improved to activate shipping LIS.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.571-576
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• 2016

Asymmetric double gate(DG) MOSFET has the different top and bottom gate oxides thicknesses. It is analyzed the deviation of subthreshold swing(SS) and conduction path for the ratio of top and bottom gate oxide thickness of asymmetric DGMOSFET. SS varied along with conduction path, and conduction path varied with top and bottom gate oxide thickness. The asymmetric DGMOSFET became valuable device to reduce the short channel effects like degradation of SS. SSs were obtained from analytical potential distribution by Poisson's equation, and it was analyzed how the ratio of top and bottom oxide thickness influenced on conduction path and SS. SSs and conduction path were greatly influenced by the ratio of top and bottom gate oxide thickness. Bottom gate voltage cause significant influence on SS, and SS are changed with a range of 200 mV/dec for $0<t_{ox2}/t_{ox1}<5$ under bottom voltage of 0.7 V.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1097-1103
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• 2015

In order to build network infrastructure to implement the aforementioned advantages enabling smart device users to work anywhere, professional support and expensive VPN devices are required. This is a barrier to supplying VPN devices to small and medium-sized institutes. To address this issue, this study aims to implement OpenVPN, OpenSSH and iproute based on the OpenWRT platform which is an embedded OS for open networks in affordable open wired/wireless gateway H/W platforms to support the inter-network VPN. In addition, the network environment can be maintained optimal by applying a "multi-queuing real-time traffic shaping technology" to VPN tunnels, although channel quality changes.