• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.647-651
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• 2006

A new class of compounds in the form of skutterudite structure, Fe doped $CoSb_3$ with a nominal composition of $Fe_xCo_{4-x}Sb_{12}$ ($0{\leq}x{\leq}2.5$), were synthesized by mechanical alloying of elemental powders followed by vacuum hot pressing. Nanostructured, single-phase skutterudites were successfully produced by vacuum hot pressing using as-milled powders without subsequent heat-treatments for the compositions of $x{\leq}1.5$. However, second phase was found to form in case of $x{\geq}2$, suggesting the solubility limit of Fe with Co in this system. Thermoelectric properties including thermal conductivity from 300 to 600 K were measured and discussed. Lattice thermal conductivity was greatly reduced by introducing a dopant up to x=1.5 as well as by increasing phonon scattering in nanostructured skutterudite, leading to enhancement in the thermoelectric figure of merit. The maximum figure of merit was found to be 0.32 at 600 K in the composition of $Fe_xCo_{4-x}Sb_{12}$.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2019

In this study, the effects of the compaction method for (Mg+2B) powders on the apparent density and superconducting properties of $MgB_2$ bulk superconductor were investigated. The raw powders used in this study were nano-sized boron (B) and spherical magnesium (Mg). A batch of a powder mixture of (Mg+2B) was put in a steel mold and uniaxially pressed at 1 ton or 3 tons into pellets. Another batch of the powder mixture was uniaxially pressed at 1 ton and then pressed isostatically at $1800kg/cm^2$ in the water chamber. All pellets were heat-treated at $650^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in flowing argon gas for the formation of $MgB_2$. The apparent density of powder compacts pressed at 3 ton was higher than that at 1 ton. The cold isostatic pressing (CIP) in a water chamber allowed further increase of the apparent density of powder compacts, which influenced the pellet density of the final products ($MgB_2$). The compaction methods (uniaxial pressing and CIP) did not affect the formation of $MgB_2$ and superconducting critical temperature ($T_c$) of $MgB_2$, but affected the critical current density ($J_c$) of $MgB_2$ significantly. The sample with the high apparent density showed high $J_c$ at 5 K and 20 K at applied magnetic fields (0-5 T).

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of high-energy mechanical milling (HEMM) time and sintering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the TiAl composite fabricated by pulse current activated sintering. TiAl intermetallic powders were milled by HEMM for 1h, 4h, and 8h respectively. Thermal analysis was used to observe the phase transformation of the milled TiAl powders. The sintering time decreased with increase of milling time. The hardness and fracture toughness of the sintered specimens also was improved with increasing milling time. The grain size of the sintered specimens which was milled for 4h was in the range of 50~100 nm.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2005년도 ISMP
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• pp.201-212
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• 2005

[ $Epoxy/BaTiO_3$ ] composite embedded capacitor films (ECFs) were newly designed fur high dielectric constant and low tolerance (less than ${\pm}15\%$) embedded capacitor fabrication for organic substrates. In terms of material formulation, ECFs are composed of specially formulated epoxy resin and latent curing agent, and in terms of coating process, a comma roll coating method is used for uniform film thickness in large area. Dielectric constant of $BaTiO_3\;&\;SrTiO_3$ composite ECF is measured with MIM capacitor at 100 kHz using LCR meter. Dielectric constant of $BaTiO_3$ ECF is bigger than that of $SrTiO_3$ ECF, and it is due to difference of permittivity of $BaTiO_3\;and\;SrTiO_3$ particles. Dielectric constant of $BaTiO_3\;&\;SrTiO_3$ ECF in high frequency range $(0.5\~10GHz)$ is measured using cavity resonance method. In order to estimate dielectric constant, the reflection coefficient is measured with a network analyzer. Dielectric constant is calculated by observing the frequencies of the resonant cavity modes. About both powders, calculated dielectric constants in this frequency range are about 3/4 of the dielectric constants at 1 MHz. This difference is due to the decrease of the dielectric constant of epoxy matrix. For $BaTiO_3$ ECF, there is the dielectric relaxation at $5\~9GHz$. It is due to changing of polarization mode of $BaTiO_3$ powder. In the case of $SrTiO_3$ ECF, there is no relaxation up to 10GHz. Alternative material for embedded capacitor fabrication is $epoxy/BaTiO_3$ composite embedded capacitor paste (ECP). It uses similar materials formulation like ECF and a screen printing method for film coating. The screen printing method has the advantage of forming capacitor partially in desired part. But the screen printing makes surface irregularity during mask peel-off, Surface flatness is significantly improved by adding some additives and by applying pressure during curing. As a result, dielectric layer with improved thickness uniformity is successfully demonstrated. Using $epoxy/BaTiO_3$ composite ECP, dielectric constant of 63 and specific capacitance of 5.1nF/cm2 were achieved.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2005

혼합전도체 산화물, LSCF의 전극반응점 분포에 따른 분극현상을 관찰하기 위해 다공성 양극의 기공률을 변화시켜가며 분극특성을 관찰하였다. 전극의 기공률을 달리하기 위해 크기가 다른 두 종류의 LSCF 분말들을 혼합비를 달리하여 사용하였으며 GDC 전해질 기판에 스크린 인쇄법을 통해 전극을 구성한 후 반쪽전지 실험을 수행하였다. 제조된 후막전극의 기공률은 화상 분석법을 통해 측정하였으며 전극의 전체 비표면적을 유추하기 위해 2차원 이미지에서의 기공의 둘레 길이를 측정하였다. 교류 임피던스법을 이용해 분극 특성을 관찰한 결과 혼합전도체인 LSCF 양극에서의 전극반응은 i) 양극표면에서 이온화된 산소이온이 전해질과의 삼상계면까지 이동해 오는 단계, ii) 이동해온 산소이온이 양극으로부터 전해질로 전달되는 반응단계에 의해 제어됨을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 양극에서의 분극은 기공률의 증가에 따라 전극 반응에 필요한 활성 표면이 증가됨으로써 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1068-1073
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• 2001

An n-type iron$silicide(Fe_{0.98}Co_{0.02}Si_2)$has been produced by mechanical alloying process and consolidated by vacuum hot pressing. Although as-milled powders after 120 hours of milling did not show an alloying progress,${\beta}-FeSi_2$phase transformation was induced by isothermal annealing at$830{\circ}C$for 1 hour, and the fully transformed${\beta}-FeSi_2$phase was obtained after 4 hours of annealing. Near fully dense specimen was obtained after vacuum hot pressing at$ 1100{\circ}C$with a stress of 60MPa. However, as-consolidated iron silicides were consisted of untransformed mixture of ${\Alpha}-Fe_2Si_5$and ${\varepsilon-FeSi$phases. Thus, isothermal annealing has been carried out to induce the transformation to a thermoelectric semiconducting${\beta}-FeSi_2$phase. The condition for${\beta}-FeSi_2$transformation was investigated by utilizing DTA, SEM, and XRD analysis. The phase transformation was shown to be taken place by a vacuum isothermal annealing at$830{\circ}C$and the transformation behaviour was investigated as a function of annealing time. The mechanical properties of${\beta}-FeSi_2$materials before and after isothermal annealing were characterized in this study.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.406-414
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• 2003

In order to produce good wear resistance powder metallurgy Al-Si alloys with high strength, addition of glass forming elements of Ni and Ce in $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$ alloy was examined using SEM, TEM, tensile strength and wear testing. The solubility of Si in aluminum increased with increasing Ni and Ce contents for rapidly solidified powders. These bulk alloys consist of a mixed structure in which fine Si particles with a particle size below 500 nm and very fine A1$_3$Ni, A1$_3$Ce compounds with a particle size below 200 nm are homogeneously dispersed in aluminum matrix with a grain size below 600 nm. The tensile strength at room temperature for $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$, $Al_{78}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_2$Ce$_{0.5}$, and $Al_{76}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_4$Ce$_1$ bulk alloys extruded at 674 K and ratio of 10 : 1 is 281,521, and 668 ㎫ respectively. Especially, $Al_{73}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_{7}$Ce$_1$ bulk alloy had a high tensile strength of 730 ㎫. These bulk alloys are good wear-resistance bel ter than commercial I/M 390-T6. Specially, attactability for counterpart is very little, about 15 times less than that of the I/M 390-T6. The structural refinement by adding glass forming elements such as Ni and Ce to hyper eutectic $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$ alloy is concluded to be effective as a structural modification method.d.tion method.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2016

대용량 전력저장용 황화나트륨 기반의 전지를 개발함에 있어서 베타 알루미나 고체 전해질 튜브와 알파 알루미나 셀 캡 간의 물리적 접합을 위해서는 세라믹-세라믹 접합용 씰링 글라스 후막 페이스트가 필요하다. 본고에서는 글라스 프릿 분말의 입도, 열처리 조건이 씰링 글라스의 열처리 후 미세구조 특히 기공율과 그 분포에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 씰링 글라스 분말의 입자가 클수록 열처리 후의 글라스의 미세 조직상에서의 기공율 및 기공의 수가 감소하였으며, 열처리 온도가 증가 할수록 기공의 수가 감소하는 반면 기공의 크기는 증가함을 확인하였다. 이로써 글라스 씰란트의 제조에 있어서, 글라스 페이스트용 글라스 프릿 분말의 입자 크기와 씰링 열처리 온도의 적절한 선정에 의해 글라스 씰링부의 미세구조에서 기공율과 기공의 분포 및 기공의 수를 제어할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.694-697
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• 2019

최근에 이산화티탄 분말을 나노입자로 제조하거나 결정성을 향상하기 위해 1차원 구조인 nanowire, nanotube, 3차원 구조인 mesoporous 구형으로 생산하여 차단율과 반사율을 통한 광 전극 소재로의 활용과 피부 광 노화 방지에 더욱 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 n-alcohol을 용매로 사용하여 높은 결정성을 갖는 이산화티탄 나노 졸을 합성하였다. 합성된 이산화티탄 나노 졸은 FE-SEM과 XRD을 통해 결정성을 확인하였고, 자외선 차단율을 확인하기 위해서 UV-Vis로 투과율을 확인했다. 또한. 용매에 따른 결정성을 확인하기 위하여 부탄올, 프로판올, 에탄올을 이용하여 각각을 제조하였고, 용매에 따른 차이를 비교하였다. 입자크기는 200~250 nm로 합성되었으며 광학적 투과율은 UVB, UVA 범위에서 높은 차단율을 보이고, 550 nm 파장에서 높은 투과율을 보여 태양전지의 광전 변환 효율 향상과 소량 사용으로도 제품의 자외선 차단 효율을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.181-184
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• 2006

Nano Infiltration Transient Eutectic Phase - Silicon Carbide (NITE-SiC) and $SiC_f/SiC$ composite have been fabricated by a Hot Pressing (HP) process, using SiC powder with an average size of about 30nm. Alumina ($Al_2O_3$) and Yttria ($Y_2O_3$) were used for additives materials. These mixed powders were sintered at the temperature a of $1300^{\circ}C$, $1650^{\circ}C$, $1800^{\circ}C$ and $1900^{\circ}C$ under an applied pressure of 20MPa. And unidirection and two dimension woven structures of $SiC_f/SiC$ composites were prepared starting from Tyranno SA fiber. Densification of microstructure gives an effect to density. Specially, Densification Mechanism basically is important from the sintering which use the HP. In this study, the densification of NITE-SiC and $SiC_f/SiC$ composite mechanism by a press displacement appears investigated. The mechanism on the densification of each sintering temperature was investigated. The each step is shows a with each other different mechanism quality.