• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2018

The dependency of the photovoltaic performance of p-/n-type silicon solar-cells on the metallic contaminant type (Fe, Cu, and Ni) and concentration was investigated. The minority-carrier recombination lifetime was degraded with increasing metallic contaminant concentration, however, the degradation sensitivity of recombination lifetime was lower at n-type than p-type silicon wafer, which means n-type silicon wafer have an immunity to the effect of metallic contamination. This is because heavy metal ions with positive charge have a much larger capture cross section of electron than hole, so that reaction with electrons occurs much more easily. The power conversion efficiency of n-type solar-cells was degraded by 9.73% when metallic impurities were introduced in the silicon bulk, which is lower degradation compared to p-type solar-cells (15.61% of efficiency degradation). Therefore, n-type silicon solar-cells have a potential to achieve high efficiency of the solar-cell in the future with a merit of immunity against metal contamination.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2019

Most high-efficiency n-type silicon solar cells are based on the high quality surface passivation and ohmic contact between the emitter and the metal. Currently, various metalization methods such as screen printing using metal paste and physical vapor deposition are being used in forming electrodes of n-type silicon solar cell. In this paper, we analyzed the degradation factors induced by the front electrode formation process using e-beam evaporation of double passivation structure of p-type emitter and $Al_2O_3/SiN_x$ for high efficiency solar cell using n-type bulk silicon. In order to confirm the cause of the degradation, the passivation characteristics of each electrode region were determined through a quasi-steady-state photo-conductance (QSSPC).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2018

Solar panels are modules made up of many cells, like the N-type monosilicon, P-type monosilicon, P-type multisilicon, amorphous thin-film silicon, and CIGS solar cells. An efficient photovoltaic (PV) power is important to use to determine what kind of cell types are used because residential solar systems receive attention. In this study, we used 3-type solar panels - such as N-type monosilicon, P-type monosilicon, and CIGS solar cells - to investigate what kind of solar panel on a house or building performs the best. PV systems were composed of 3-type solar panels on the roof with each ~1.8 kW nominal power. N-type monosilicon solar panel resulted in the best power generation when monitored. Capacity Utilization Factor (CUF) and Performance Ratio (PR) of the N-type Si solar panel were 14.6% and 75% respectively. In comparison, N-type monosilicon and CIGS solar panels showed higher performance in power generation than P-type monosilicon solar power with increasing solar irradiance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.287.2-287.2
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• 2014

PV (photovoltaic) has becoming an important industry to invest due to its high robustness and require very little maintenance which goes a long time. Solar cell fabrication involves a few critical processes such as doping to make the N-type and P-type silicon, contact metallization, surface texturization, and anti-reflection coatings. Anti-reflection coating is a kind of surface passivation which ensures the stability, and efficiency of the solar cell. Thus, I will focus on the changes happen to the solar cell due to the reflectance and anti-reflection coating by PC1D. By using the PC1D (solar cell simulation program), I would analysis the effect of reflectance on the N-type cell. At last I will conclude the result regarding what I learned throughout this experiment.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• v.13 no.spc2
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• pp.336-340
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• 2012

Wide band gap p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide (a-SiO:H) buffer layer has been used at the interface of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) p-type layer of a p-i-n type a-Si:H solar cell. Introduction of 5 nm thick buffer layer improves in blue response of the cell along with 0.5% enhancement of photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η). The cells with buffer layer show higher open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), short circuit current density (Jsc) and improved blue response with respect to the cell without buffer layer.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 2017

It was confirmed that the silicon thin films fabricated on the p-Si (100) substrates by using DIPAS (DiIsoPropylAminoSilane) and TDMA-Sb (Tris-DiMethylAminoAntimony) sources by RPCVD method were amorphous and n-type silicon. The fabricated amorphous n-type silicon films had electron carrier concentrations and electron mobilities ranged from $6.83{\times}10^{18}cm^{-3}$ to $1.27{\times}10^{19}cm^{-3}$ and from 62 to $89cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, respectively. The ideality factor of the pn junction diode fabricated on the p-Si (100) substrate was about 1.19 and the efficiency of the fabricated pn solar cell was 10.87%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.662-666
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• 2005

Silicon nitride $(SiN_x)$ film is a promising material for anti-reflection coating and passivation of multicrystalline silicon (me-Si) solar cells. In this work, a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system with batch-type reactor tube was used to prepare highly robust $SiN_x$ films for screen-printed mc-Si solar cells. The Gas flow ratio, $R=[SiH_4]/[NH_3]$, in a mixture of silane and ammonia was varied in the range of 0.0910.235 while maintaining the total flow rate of the process gases to 4,200 sccm. The refractive index of the $SiN_x$ film deposited with a gas flow ratio of 0.091 was measured to be 2.03 and increased to 2.37 as the gas flow ratio increased to 0.235. The highest efficiency of the cell was $14.99\%$ when the flow rate of $SiH_4$ was 350 sccm (R=0.091). Generally, we observed that the efficiency of the mc-Si solar cell decreased with increasing R. From the analysis of the reflectance and the quantum efficiency of the cell, the decrease in the efficiency was shown to originate mainly from an increase in the surface reflectance for a high flow rate of $SiH_4$ during the deposition of $SiN_x$ films.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.46-51
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• 2023

We investigated the MoS₂ thin film layer by thermolytic deposition and applied it to the silicon solar cells. MoS₂ thin films were made by two methods of dipping and spin coating of (NH₄)₂MoS₄ precursor solution. We implemented two types of substrates of microtextured and nano-microtextured 6-in. Si pn junction wafers. The fabricated MoS₂ thin film layer was analyzed, and solar cells were fabricated by applying the standard silicon solar cell process. The MoS₂ thin film layer of sulfur-deficient form was deposited on the n-type emitter layer, and electrons, which are minority carriers, were well transported at the interface and exhibited photovoltaic solar cell characteristics. The cell efficiencies were achieved at 5% for microtextured wafers and 2.56% for nano-microtextured wafers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 2013

$SiO_2$ layer grown by rapid thermal oxidation and $SiN_x$ layer were used for passivating the surface of n-type silicon solar cell, instead of only $SiN_x$ layer generally used in photovoltaic industry. The rapid thermal oxidation provides the reduction of processing time and avoids bulk life time degradation during the processing. Improvement of 30 mV in Voc and $2.7mA/cm^2$ in Jsc was obtained by applying these two layers. This improvement led to fabrication of a large area ($239cm^2$) n-type solar cell with 17.34% efficiency. Internal quantum efficiency measurement indicates that the improvement comes from the front side passivation, but not the rear side, by using $SiO_2/SiN_x$ stack.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.616-621
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• 2022

Numerical simulation is a good way to predict the conversion efficiency of solar cells without a direct experimentation and to achieve low cost and high efficiency through optimizing each step of solar cell fabrication. TOPCon industrial solar cells fabricated with n-type silicon wafers on a larger area have achieved a higher efficiency than p-type TOPCon solar cells. Electrical and optical losses of the front surface are the main factors limiting the efficiency of the solar cell. In this work, an optimization of boron-doped emitter surface and front electrodes through numerical simulation using "Griddler" is reported. Through the analysis of the results of simulation, it was confirmed that the emitter sheet resistance of 150 Ω/sq along the front electrodes having a finger width of 20 ㎛, and the number of finger lines ~130 for silicon wafer of M6 size is an optimized technology for the front emitter surface of the n-type TOPCon solar cells that can be developed.