• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.517-524
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• 2008

Ear training is said to be the ability to measure sound either in terms of musical scale or cord by listening to music acoustically. This is the most basic subject and the most practical technique in any music genre; also, the most crucial factor for individuals who are studying music. Ear training is an important skill to develop when learning to play the piano, or learning any kind of musical instrument. It is also the key factor in a successful music education. Everyone can develop their musical ability if ear training is provided during childhood. The aim of this study is to develop an ear training system whereby beginners or children can learn music with ease in terms of computer access which is part of their daily life. This system is devised so that children can practice ear training easily. This system is also beneficial to others who plan to major in music.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2015

The need for the recognition of music emotion has become apparent in many music information retrieval applications. In addition to the large pool of techniques that have already been developed in machine learning and data mining, various emerging applications have led to a wealth of newly proposed techniques. In the music information retrieval community, many studies and applications have concentrated on tag-based music recommendation. The limitation of music emotion tags is the ambiguity caused by a single music tag covering too many subcategories. To overcome this, multiple tags can be used simultaneously to specify music clips more precisely. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to rank the proper tag combinations based on the acoustic similarity of music clips.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.125-144
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of early childhood teachers' music attitude and emotional leadership on their music teaching efficacy in the music education. Methods: 301 early childhood teachers answered the music attitude scale, music teaching efficacy belief instrument, emotional leadership scale, and questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics and music experiences. Data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's productive correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: First, early childhood teachers had a higher music teaching efficacy in case of at least 10 years of teaching experiences period, having a post-graduate degree, having a music training experience, enjoying learning musical instruments and singing and listening to music during regular music lessons, and having a long music training experience. Similar results were derived from the subfactors of music teaching efficacy. Second, there were positive correlations(r=.172-.659, p < .001) in the total and subfactors scores among early childhood teachers' music attitude, emotional leadership, and music teaching efficacy. Lastly, early childhood teachers' music attitude and their emotional leadership were explained at 39~52 percent for their music teaching efficacy. Conclusion/Implications: This study suggests that it is important for early childhood teachers' perception of their belief, knowledge and feeling about music education.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.27-45
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a music making program that utilizes the characteristics of the picture books medium through the ADDIE model so that teachers can easily apply it to children, and to determine whether it affects children's musical aptitude and music creativity. Methods: The Participants of the study were 42 five-year-old children attending a daycare in Seoul, of which 20 were in the experimental group and 22 in the comparative group. The experimental group participated in a music production program using picture books, and during the same period, the comparison group participated in music activities suggested by the Nuri Course. Using the SPSS 22.0 program, average, standard deviation, independent sampling t-test, and ANCOVA(Analysis of Covariance) were calculated. Results: The music making program using picture books improved children's rhythm and tone which are the sub-items of music aptitude. The music making program enhanced children's music flexibility, music creativity, music logic which are the sub-items of music creativity. Conclusion/Implications: The music making program presented systemic teaching-learning method with which teachers explained the modeling and practiced from simple activities to various activities repeatedly in order to make teachers approach music making more easily. It is recommendable to make the music making program by using I-pad and computers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.497-510
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• 2013

The researcher's objective is to analyze a case study from the teaching profession course entitled "Instructional Methods and Educational Technology: IMET," in which the instructional method 'Music Technology-Based Learning: MTBL' has been implemented. In addition to the analysis and the completion of the associated 16-week coursework, the researcher conducted an open-ended survey, and conducted and analyzed in-depth interviews, with participants in the case study. Using MTBL in IMET has elicited mostly favorable responses from participants such as "interesting" and "fun." They also mentioned "active learning participation." There were also negative responses to MTBL, citing "the lack of interconnection between MTBL and other teaching profession courses," "the difficulty of hybrid and convergence classes," and "the need for additional time and attention in an individual study." The analysis of this case study indicates that the use of MTBL in teaching profession courses somewhat enhances the understanding of the general concept of integrating technology into education, although some difficulties remain. The analysis of more case studies is required in order to establish more effective training courses, in which learning is not limited to the theoretical aspects of education. Using MTBL as an integrated part of the educational method would help to foster more creative and professional teachers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.842-848
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• 2020

Music markets have entered the era of streaming. In order to select and propose music that suits the taste of music consumers, there is an active demand and research on an automatic music genre classification system. We propose a method to improve the accuracy of genre unclassified songs, which was a lack of the previous system, by using a generative adversarial network (GAN) to further develop the automatic voting system for deep learning music genre using Softmax proposed in the previous paper. In the previous study, if the spectrogram of the song was ambiguous to grasp the genre of the song, it was forced to leave it as an unclassified song. In this paper, we proposed a system that increases the accuracy of genre classification of unclassified songs by converting the spectrogram of unclassified songs into an easy-to-read spectrogram using GAN. And the result of the experiment was able to derive an excellent result compared to the existing method.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.83-100
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the music program based on social-emotional learning (SEL) to facilitate social inclusion between children with and without disabilities studying together in inclusive classes. For program development, the literature on social inclusion programs and SEL programs were analyzed. Program components were extracted from the literature review and based on the review activities were also selected. The participants were fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students, including children with intellectual disabilities, and the program was implemented over 12 sessions during the students' creative experiential activity class. The validity of the program was evaluated by teachers and the specified program contents were modified and finalized reflecting the professionals' recommendations. This study supports that SEL-based music program can be effectively applied to inclusive education. The developed music program is also expected to improve the social and emotional capacity of children in inclusive classrooms and to increase the social inclusion between children with and without disabilities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.509-519
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• 2017

This study addresses the effective utilization of film music as learning material for language, target culture, and ethics education. Music is intertwined with language and culture, and even with ethics. This study focuses on the potential power of film music in the processes of teaching and learning in a classroom. For this purpose, five songs are selected from the soundtrack of Disney's famous animation The Lion King: "Circle of life", "I just can't wait to be king", "Be prepared", "Hakuna Matata", and "Can you feel the love tonight?", and concrete learning activities are suggested based on these. Using these five songs, gap-filling and singing-recoding tasks are proposed as listening and speaking activities respectively. Film music is also very useful in learning vocabulary, sentence structure, and grammar. Learners participate in a writing activity involving creating their own lyrics for the tunes reflecting their experiences. Next, for culture education, a teacher asks their students to discuss about, and be aware of, food culture using a specific character's song. Finally, for ethics education, a philosophy of life, natural logic, leadership qualities, and the motto Hakuna Matata("no worries") are explored and discussed through an analysis of the lyrics. The open-ended questionnaire survey is conducted. The result shows that music has a positive effect on culture and ethics education. Film music can be effective in learning a second language, target culture, and ethics.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.217-227
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of music lesson applying the blended learning-based STEAM education on the musical knowledge and STEAM literacy of pre-service kindergarten teachers. After conducting a pre-test on the musical knowledge and STEAM literacy targeting 20 students(3rd year) of early childhood music lesson in Dept. of Early Childhood Education of C University in O Metropolitan City and 19 students(3rd year) of early childhood music lesson in Dept. of Early Childhood Education of D University in B Metropolitan City, the effectiveness of the pre - post test design was verified. In the results of study, the experimental group with music lesson applying the blended learning-based STEAM education showed significantly improved results in all the areas of musical knowledge and convergence, creativity, and communication out of STEAM literacy than the control group with general music lesson. Such results of this study imply that music lesson applying the blended learning-based STEAM education could be usefully used as a teaching/learning method to improve musical knowledge and STEAM literacy of pre-service kindergarten teachers in university education site in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.261-266
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• 2018

This study aimed to provide an overview of artificial intelligence based music composition programs. The artificial intelligence-based composition program has shown remarkable growth as the development of deep neural network theory and the improvement of big data processing technology. Accordingly, artificial intelligence based composition programs for composing classical music and pop music have been proposed variously in academia and industry. But there are several limitations: devaluation in general populations, missing valuable materials, lack of relevant laws, technology-led industries exclusive to the arts, and so on. When effective measures are taken against these limitations, artificial intelligence based technology will play a significant role in fostering national competitiveness.