• 제목/요약/키워드: mushroom fruiting body

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복령균핵, 균사체 및 자실체의 추출용매별 생리활성 성분 비교 (Comparison of the biological activity of extracts from the mycelium, sclerotium, and fruiting body of Wolfiporia cocos (F.A. Wolf) Ryvarden & Gilb using different extraction solvents)

  • 안기홍;조재한;김옥태;이찬중;한재구
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.244-253
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    • 2020
  • 복령 발달단계인 균사체(mycelium), 균핵(sclerotium) 및 자실체(fruiting body)에 대한 열수(hot-water), 70% 주정(70% EtOH) 및 70% 메탄올(70% MeOH) 용매별 생리활성 성분과 발달단계별 건조시료의 베타글루칸 및 아미노산 성분함량을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 발달단계별 시료 중에서 균사체의 DPPH 라디컬 소거능, 철 환원 항산화능, 환원력, 아질산염 소거능 및 총 폴리페놀 함량이 균핵과 자실체와 비교하여 유의적 차이를 보이며 높은 것으로 나타났다. 추출용매별 결과, 균사체의 경우 열수추출물(hot-water)에서 DPPH 라디컬 소거능, 철 환원 항산화능 및 총 폴리페놀 함량이 높았으며, 균핵은 70% 주정추출물(70% EtOH)에서 철 환원 항산화능 및 총 폴리페놀 함량이, 열수추출물(hot-water)에서 DPPH 라디컬 소거능, 환원력 및 아질산염 소거능이 높았으며, 자실체는 열수추출물(hot-water)에서 DPPH 라디컬 소거능, 환원력, 아질산염 소거능 및 총 폴리페놀 함량이 다른 용매추출물에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 균사체, 균핵 및 자실체 건조시료 중의 베타글루칸 함량은 균핵에서 균사체와 자실체에 비하여 월등히 높은 함량치를 나타냈다. 총 아미노산 및 총 필수아미노산 함량은 자실체와 균사체에서 균핵과 비교하여 월등히 높았으며, 그 중 알기닌(Arg)과 페닐알라닌(Phe)이 높게 검출되었다.

Breeding of New Strains of Mushroom by Basidiospore Chemical Mutagenesis

  • Lee, Ji-A;Kang, Hyeon-Woo;Kim, Sang-Woo;Lee, Chang-Yun;Ro, Hyeon-Su
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.272-277
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    • 2011
  • Chemical mutagenesis of basidiospores of Hypsizygus marmoreus generated new mushroom strains. The basidospores were treated with methanesulfonate methylester, an alkylating agent, to yield 400 mutant monokaryotic mycelia. Twenty fast-growing mycelia were selected and mated each other by hyphal fusion. Fifty out of the 190 matings were successful (mating rate of 26.3%), judged by the formation of clamp connections. The mutant dikaryons were cultivated to investigate their morphological and cultivation characteristics. Mutant strains No. 3 and No. 5 showed 10% and 6% increase in fruiting body production, respectively. Eight mutant strains showed delayed and reduced primordia formation, resulting in the reduced production yield with prolonged cultivation period. The number of the fruiting bodies of mutant No. 31, which displayed reduced primordial formation, was only 15, compared to the parental number of 65. Another interesting phenotype was a fruiting body with a flattened stipe and pileus. Dikaryons generated by mating with the mutant spore No. 14 produced flat fruiting bodies. Further molecular biological studies will provide details of the mechanism. This work shows that the chemical mutagenesis approach is highly utilizable in the development of mushroom strains as well as in the generation of resources for molecular genetic studies.

Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of three extracts from Phellinus igniarius

  • Jin, Ga-Heon;Lee, Min Woong;Im, Kyung Hoan;Lee, Tae Soo
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2014
  • This study was initiated to investigate antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities and properties of fruiting bodies, mycelia, and fermentation culture filtrates from Phellinus igniarius. The contents of total phenols and flavonoid of fruit bodies, mycelia, and culture filtrate were 15.35-1.36 mg/g, 10.35-7.85 mg/g, and 8.25-5.36 mg/g. The 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging abilities of the extracts from the fruiting bodies, mycelia, and culture filtrates were 90.25-95.60%, 78.82-85.24%, and 76.32-82.50% at $50-400{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The chelating ability of fruiting body extract on ferrous ions was higher than those of mycelia and culture filtrates tested. The anti-acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the fruiting body extract at 400 ${mu}g/mg$ exhibited 91.10% on AChE, which is lower than that of positive control, galanthamine (94.82%). The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the fruiting bodies, mycelia, and culture extract were 85.47%, 78.13%, and 72.49% at 400 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Overall, the fruiting body extract has better anti-acetylcholinesterase, antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities than those from mycelia and culture filtrate.

팽이버섯 생육온도에 따른 자실체의 특성 변화 (The change on characterizations of fruiting body according to the growing temperature in Flammulina velutipes)

  • 전창성;윤형식;공원식;이찬중;정종천;유영복
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2010
  • Total eight different winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) strains were characterized by comparisons of fruiting body morphology, hardness and color after growing at different temperature. Although variations depending on the strains were observed, in general, both stipe length and pilus diameter were shorter while pilus thickness was bigger as growing temperatures were decreased. No significant differences in stipe thickness were observed. The ASI4065 and 4151 had the tallest stipe and the ASI4021 had the shortest stipe. The ASI4103 strain had the biggest pilus diameter. The ASI4153 had most thick pilus, while the ASI 4021 had least thick pilus. Also, the ASI4166 had the most thick stipe and the ASI4065 had the most thin stipe. The hardness of white mushrooms were increased by decreasing growth temperatures, while no relationships between the hardness of brown mushrooms. In most strains, stipe were much stronger than pilei and white mushrooms were harder than brown ones. The strain having most strong stipe was ASI4021. Both ASI 4021 and ASI4166 had the most strong pilus. The color of pilus has much lighter than that of stipe. White mushrooms had high brightness value ranging from 70-90, while brown mushrooms showed low brightness value from 30-70. Saturation value was higher in brown mushrooms. Based on our study, it was shown that environmental conditions had some effects on winter mushrooms, but genetic differences among strains were more important factors to determine most characteristics of winter mushrooms.

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볏짚버섯속(Agrocybe) 보존균주의 여름철 인공재배시 재배 및 형태적 특성 (Cultural and Morphological characteristics of fruit body of genus Agrocybe on Artificial Cultivation in Summer)

  • 정종천;석동권;김승환;전창성;이찬중
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2009
  • 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과에 보존하고 있는 볏짚버섯속(Agrocybe ) 30균주에 대하여 버섯발생 실험을 실시하고, 자실체의 형태적 특성을 조사하였다. 볏짚버섯속 균주중 톱밥배지를 사용한 병재배에서 자실체가 발생된 것은 19균주 이었다. 이중 ASI 19007 등 13균주(I; A. chaxingu )와, ASI 19003 등 5균주(II; A. cylindracea ), ASI 19008(III; Agrocybe sp.)로 그룹 지어졌는데, ASI 19008은 균배양기간, 버섯발생기간 등 재배적 특성과 자실체의 형태적 특징이 다른 2그룹과 차이가 많았다. 또한 재배 계절에 따라 재배적 특성이 다르게 나타났는데 봄, 가을, 겨울에는 ASI 19003 균주가, 여름에는 ASI 19007 균주가 수량이 많고 품질도 좋았다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 계절에 알맞은 품종의 선택을 통하여 볏짚버섯속균의 연중 안정생산이 가능하여 농가소득 증대에 기여할 것으로 본다.

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물박달나무를 이용한 자작나무버섯의 원목재배 (Log Cultivation of the Birch Fungus Piptoporus betulinus using Betula davurica)

  • 가강현;유성열;이봉훈;윤갑희;박원철
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.98-100
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    • 2008
  • 자작나무버섯은 자작나무류 수종에 발생하는 버섯으로 상업적 가치가 있는 것으로 판단되나, 우리나라에서는 매우 드물게 발생하고 있어 물박달나무를 이용하여 원목재배를 시도하였다. 자작나무버섯은 4월에 균 접종 후 2년차의 8윌초에 버섯을 형성하여 10월에 성숙하였다. 버섯은 골목 1개당 1개 또는 2개 발생하여 생중량 $212{\sim}1,298\;g$을 수확하였다. 그래서 자작나무버섯의 원목재배는 자실체 대량 생산이 가능하며 버섯을 이용한 새로운 연구가 기대된다.

느타리버섯 균주별 항산화효능 및 폴리페놀함량 비교분석 (Comparative analysis of anti-oxidant effects and polyphenol contents of the fruiting bodies in oyster mushrooms)

  • 조재한;박혜성;한재구;이강효;성기호;전창성
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.311-315
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    • 2014
  • 느타리버섯은 한국사람들에게 인기있는 버섯이며 새송이버섯, 팽이버섯과 더불어 대부분 많이 재배되어지는 버섯이다. 느타리버섯의 항산화 효능과 폴리페놀 함량을 비교 분석하였다. 항산화 효능을 분석한 결과 열수추출에서는 ASI 2099가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 주정과 메탄올 추출물에서는 ASI 2122가 가장 높게 나타났다. 폴리페놀 성분은 대부분 7~10 mg/g 이었으며, 추출용매별 함량차이는 크지 않았다.

생육온도에 따른 느타리버섯 자실체의 형태 및 재배적 특성변화 (The effect of temperature on morphological of fruiting body and cultivated characteristics of oyster mushroom)

  • 전창성;윤형식;장갑열;공원식;이강효;이찬중
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 느타리버섯 자실체가 생육온도에 따른 수량성과 자실체의 형태적 특성을 확인하기 위하여 느타리버섯 품종 중에서 저온, 중온, 고온성 품종을 구분하여 12개 품종에 대하여 실험을 실시하였다. 수량성에 있어서는 품종의 온도 반응적 특성에 맞는 온도에서 수량성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 형태적 특성에 있어서는 갓크기는 온도처리에 따른 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았으며, 갓두께에 있어서는 저온 처리인 $10^{\circ}C$에서 품종에 관계없이 가장 두껍게 나타났다. 대길이는 삼복 외 4품종은 온도가 증가하면서 같이 증가하였으며, 그 외의 품종은 품종에 따라 약간의 차이를 보였다. 대굵기에 있어서는 대체적으로 온도 증가에 따라 가늘어지는 경향이나 품종간 약간의 차이가 나타났다. 버섯수확소요일수에서는 $10^{\circ}C$처리에서 가장 기간이 길었으며, 품종별 가장 짧은 소요일수를 보인 것은 품종의 온도 특성에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 품종에 따라서 온도에 반응하여 기형적 형태를 보이는 경우가 있었는데 이런 특이적 현상은 수한1호의 경우 저온 처리인 $10^{\circ}C$에서 버섯이 발이후 어린 버섯 갓 표면에 백색 인피가 형성하며 성장 후에는 갓의 일부분에만 발생하거나 없어지는 현상이 있었으며, 춘추2호에서는 고온인 $20^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 대가 뒤틀리며, 대기 휘어지는 특이적 현상이 발생하였다.

Genes Expressed During Fruiting Body Formation of Agrocybe cylindracea

  • Shim, Sung-Mi;Kim, Sang-Beom;Kim, Hey-Young;Rho, Hyun-Su;Lee, Hyun-Sook;Lee, Min-Woong;Lee, U-Youn;Im, Kyung-Hoan;Lee, Tae-Soo
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.209-213
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    • 2006
  • Agrocybe cylindracea, an edible mushroom belonging to Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales, is widely used as invaluable medicinal material in the oriental countries. This study was initiated to find the genes expressed during the fruiting body formation of A. cylindracea. The cDNAs expressed differentially during fruiting body morphogenesis of A. cylindracea were isolated through subtractive hybridization between vegetative mycelia and fruiting bodies. The cDNAs expressed in the fruiting body morphogenesis of A. cylindracea were cloned and twenty genes were identified. Eleven were homologous to genes of known functions, three were homologous to genes in other organism without any function known. Six were completely novel genes specific to A. cylindracea so far examined. Some genes with known functions were a pleurotolysin, a self-assembling poreforming cytolysins; Aa-Pril and Pir2p, specifically induced genes during fruiting initiation of other mushroom, Agrocybe aegerita; an amino acid permease; a cytochrome P450; a MADS-box gene; a peptidylprolyl isomerase; and a serine proteinase. For other clones, no clear function was annotated so far. We believe the first report of the differentially expressed genes in fruiting process of A. cylindracea will be great helps for further research.

Cellulase from the fruiting bodies and mycelia of edible mushrooms: A review

  • Wu, Yuanzheng;Shin, Hyun-Jae
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2016
  • Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer constituent of the cell wall of green plants and of various forms of algae. The complexity of lignocellulosic biomass is a major challenge in industrial research. Most mushroom species that naturally grow on soil or wood possess cellulases and the corresponding enzymatic system and, potential candidates for the direct bioconversion of softwood polysaccharides into fermentable sugars. However, there have been fewer studies on mushroom cellulases than on fungi such as Trichoderma spp., exploit the full potential of mushroom cellulases. This review will focus on the current status ofmushroom cellulase research and applications and will provide insight into promising future prospects.