• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship mother-adolescent communication and adolescents' alienation in both single mother-headed family and two-parent family. The subjects were 548 middle and high school students who were 82 single mother-headed family's adolescents and 466 two-parent family's adolescents in Keoungbok. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test, standard multiple- and hierarchical multiple regression(using SPSS 12.1). Major findings were as follows: (1) The single mother-headed family's adolescents were perceived less positive mother-adolescent communication and higher alienation than two-parent family's adolescents. (2) The adolescents' alienation was associated with mother-adolescent communication in both single mother-headed and two-parent family. The less positive parent-adolescent communication, the higher adolescents' alienation. (3) The family structure(single mother-headed or two-parent) was a significant predictor of adolescents' alienation. But when the effect of mother-adolescent communication was controlled, the effect of the family structure became non-significant.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.69-84
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the grandmothers' role performance toward their grandchildren in the elementary school between working and nonworking mother families. The subjects were 274 grandparent-grandchild pairs. The structured questionnaires, from both grandmothers and grandchildren were collected in 2001. Using statistical techniques such as factor analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis, the major findings were as fellows: 1) The level of the grandmothers' role performance is moderate in general. However, the grandmothers in working mother families perform surrogate mother roles more strongly than the grandmothers in nonworking mother families.2) While contact between grandmother and grandchild is associated with the grandmother's role performance in working mother families, the grandmother's age and the closeness between grandmother and mother are related to the level of the grandmother's role performance in nonworking mother families. In conclusion, the grandmothers' role performance in working mother families was found to be more important in the supporting system than in nonworking mother families.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.89-104
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of maternal parenting stress and mother's ego-resilience on mother-child attachment. More specially, mother-child attachment for higher grade elementary school children was examined according to the internal working model. Methods: Participants were 190 mothers of fourth and fifth grade elementary school children. The Maternal Parenting Stress Scale(Shin, 1997), the Scales of Ego-resilience(Yoo & Shim, 2002), and Inventory of Parent Attachment(Yang, 2006) were used to measure variables. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: The major findings were summarized as follows: First, there were no differences between mother-child attachment according to children's gender. Second, mother-child attachment was negatively correlated with maternal parenting stress and positively correlated with ego-resilience. Next, maternal parenting stress_interaction and ego-resilience explained mother-child attachment_trust. Last, maternal stress_interaction explained mother-child attachment_isolation. Conclusion/Implications: In conclusion, the study results showed that maternal parenting stress and ego-resilience influenced mother-child attachment. based on the results, the implications of this study were discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a mother-fetus interaction promotion program aimed at enhancing the sensitivity of primiparas, and to evaluate the effects of a mother-infant play interaction. Method: Participants were recruited from OB-GY clinic with postpartum take-care center (17 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 17 dyads for control group). Data were collected from January 18 to August 5, 2005. For the intervention group, programmed education which focused on mother-fetus interaction in the 3rd trimester was given. For the two groups, home visiting or a postpartum care center was used for data collection of the mother-infant interaction which was conducted at postpartum 1 week and 1 month. Also mother-infant interactions during feeding were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. Results: A significant difference was found in mother-infant interaction between the two groups (postpartum 1 week, t=6.10, P=0.000, 1 month t=6.69, p=.000). For variations in mother-infant interaction in the control group, a significant difference was found in between postpartum 1 week and 1 month (t=-2.564, p=.021). In subscale analysis, interactional behavior of the infant significantly increased in both groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the mother-fetus interaction promotion program aimed at promoting mother-infant interaction increase maternal sensitivity. Therefore, this study suggests that this nursing intervention to increase maternal sensitivity to the fetus should be broadly applied with primiparas, as it can be beneficial for formation of the mother-infant relationship, and for promotion of the social, emotional, and cognitive developments of the children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.139-150
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• 1999

This study focused on the temperament of infants and on maternal sensitivity in the investigation of the factors which affect infant-mother attachment. The 67 infant-mother pairs were divided into two groups on the basis of attachment security scores. Results showed a relationship between infant-mother attachment and temperament. There was also a relationship between maternal sensitivity and infant temperament. Factors most strongly affecting infant-mother attachment were infant's sociability, mother's emotion, and mother's satisfaction with the degree of infant's sociability.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-116
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to describe mother -infant interacting behavior patterns related to newborn infant feeding and to explore the mother's cultural belief about their infant. The data collection was conducted by observation and interview. Twenty-five mothers and their newborn infants who were normally delivered and were also planned to breast feed were comprised as the subjects of this study. All subjects were interviewed and observed individuaily at 1 to 5 days after the delivery at the hospital, mid -wife's clinic, Maternal Child Health Center and their home throughout the country from remote area to big city, The observation data were recorded with symbolic letter on a recording sheet newly developed as a result of preliminary study. The interview data were taperecorded and then recorded in narrative form. Mother - infant interaction behaviors in early feeding period were analyzed based on 19 analytic sub-categories and their composing elements. Unit of analysis were mother, infant and mother -infant dyad. 8 analytic categories draw from the data. Each were preparation, instrument, interaction inducing, evaluation referred to mother's behavior, preparation, instrument, interaction inducing referred to infant's behavior and synchronic behaviors referred to mother - infant dyad. Frequencies of behavior items based on the categories were converted to percent. The result showed that in mother's preparation behavior, the breast condition of Korean mother can be an affecting factor for mother - infant interaction during feeding, and vocalization behavior was observed most frequently in interaction inducing behavior while the least frequent behavior observed was contacting. Subcultural characteristics of mother - infant interaction behaviors were analyzed for their relationships between groups of mothers who have lived in remote area vs urban area, and who were multipara vs primipara. Using a chi -square test, there were statistically significant relationships in the activity of psychological readiness in preparation behavior and the movement of extremities for the position of instrumental behavior in both groups. However, interaction inducing behaviors were not related with statistical significance in any set of groups. Accomplishment of marriage, bonding and emotional mediation of family members were the categories related to mother's cultural belief about the infant in aspect of functional values. Infant at birth is considered little more than a biological organism without social capabilities. Although the newborn infant is still be attached to his mother, he makes his mother extend her territoriality. The mother's interacting behavior toward her infant based on those beliefs appeared task oriented, separative behavioral series. On the other hand, it was seen that infant reacted independently to his mother's behavior by the in-nate perceptual abilities. Those independent behavioral series of mother and infant on the feeding situation were synchronized at any moment. Nurses are In a unique position to teach mothers about their infant's capabilities and help reducing some of uncertainty about infant's behaviors. Study results indicated that the informations infant's social capabilities and breast feeding should be given to the mothers. The results of this study have several implications for nursing. First, the study results will be used as fundamental resources for the development of the assessment tool about the early mother - infant interaction. Second, the results could be a relevant information in the fied. I of maternal child nursing education as real and useful data. Third, the behavioral patterns of early mother - infant interaction which were classified based on the qualitative analysis could be used for nursing theory development as very fundamental data.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.331-350
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• 2005

The study examined the effects of an intervention program based on reflective thinking on mother-child interaction behaviors. Three mothers with problematic mother-child interactions and their 4-year-old socially delayed boys participated in the program that consisted of four main activities like journal and video feedback, lectures on interactive strategies, mother-child interactive play and program evaluations and ran for twenty 120 minutes weekly sessions. The level of reflective thought was determined by analyzing interview transcripts, journal entries. The videotaped mother-child interaction behaviors were rated by the Maternal Behavior Rating Scale and Child Behavior Rating Scale. It was concluded that the program enhanced mother's reflection on mother-child interactions and changed interaction behaviors of 3 mother-child pairs positively.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.287-303
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to describe infant and mother behaviors across situations. And, it was to examine the associations between infant's temperament and infant's patterns of attachment to their mother with mother-infant interaction. Results showed that there were significant main effects for the attentional focus of the situation and the level of regulatory challenge on observed mother-infant interaction behaviors. Also, mother and infant showed significant differences in their interaction behaviors depending on the patterns of infant temperzment and the patterns of infant-mother attachment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

The present study investigated causal relationship between child's temperament, mother's parental satisfaction, mother's marital satisfaction and mother's child-rearing behavior according to child's sex. The subjects for this study were 473 children and their's mothers of first-second grade selected from elementary schools in Busan. Han's questionnaires(1996) on child's temperament, Hyun's questionnaires(1994) on parental satisfaction, Choi's questionnaires(1994) on marital satisfaction and Hong's questionnaires(1996) on mother's child-rearing behavior were used. Data were analyzed with Manova, Pearson's correlation, Lisrel 8.5. The results were as follows : (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in mother's marital satisfaction and child-rearing behavior. The mothers of girls showed higher marital satisfaction. And boys perceived higher limit-setting and higher responsiveness. (2) For boys, mother's parental satisfaction and marital satisfaction revealed direct effect on mother's child rearing behavior. For girls, tempeament and parental satisfaction revealed direct effect on mother's child rearing behavior.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.525-537
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• 2013

This study investigated the relations among a child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors in predicting a child's happiness. Participants were 384 children(175 boys, 209 girls) and their mothers. The teachers completed the rating scale to measure a child's happiness. A child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors were assessed by a mother-reported questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that child's emotionality was negatively related to their happiness. Mother's depression had a negative relation to child's happiness. Mother's warmth-encouragement, overprotection-permission, and reject-nonintervention was significantly related to a child's happiness. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of child's emotionality and mother's reject-nonintervention predicted child's happiness. Child's emotionality, whose mother demonstrated a higher level of reject-nonintervention, was associated significantly with happiness. In addition, the association between mother's depression and child's happiness was mediated by mother's warmth-encouragement and reject-nonintervention. Results suggest the importance of mother's role in the context of intervention planning for child's happiness.