• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.515-525
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• 2002

A field study was conducted to estimate the emission rate of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from pine trees. In addition, the influences of meteological variables on their distribution characteristics have been investigated. A vegetation enclosure chamber was designed and constructed of Tedlar bag and acril. Sorbent tubes made up of Tenax TA and Carbotrap were used to collect biogenic VOCs emitted from each individual tree. Analysis of BVOCs was performed using a GC-FID system. The fundamental analytical parameters including linearity, retention time, recovery efficiency, and breakthrough volume were examined and verified for the determination of monoterpene emission rates. Total average concentration of each component is found to be $\alpha$-pinene (16.5), $\beta$-pinene (4.61) from pine trees, and $\alpha$-pinene (42.4), $\beta$-pinene (18.7 ng(gdw)$^{-1}$ hr$^{-1}$ ) from Korean pine trees. On the basis of our study, $\alpha$-pinene was found to be the major monoterpene emitted from both pine and Korean pine trees which were accompanied by $\beta$-pinene, camphene, and limonene. In ambient air, variable monoterpene compositions of emissions from pine trees were similar to Korean pine trees. Emission rates of monoterpene from each tree were found to depend on such parameters as temperature and solar radiation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.70-79
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• 2003

$\beta$ -Glucosidase-catalysed synthesis of glucosides with aromatic alcohols and monoterpene alcohols as accepters and cellobiose as a donor in the presence of various commercial $\beta$ -glucosidases were described. $\beta$ -Glucosidases from Aspergillus niger spp,. Trichoderma spp., Penicillium sup. and bitter almond have been shown to catalyze synthesis of $\beta$ -glucosides of benzyl alcohol, 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, geraniol and citronellol in the presence of cellobiose as sugar donor. Among enzyme preparations tested, each $\beta$ -glucosides prepared from Aspergillus niger were isolated in the pure state by Diaion HP-20 and silica gel column chromatography. The products were identified as $\beta$ -glucosyl products of benzyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyhenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol, geraniol and citronellol by spectrometry (UV, IR, $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$ C-NMR) and enzymatic hydrolysis with $\beta$ - glucosidase. Monoterpene alcohols with a sterically hindered hydroxyl group, such as linalool, $\ell$-menthol and $\alpha$-terpineol were not used as acceptors in transglycosylation reaction.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1055-1059
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• 2007

Two monoterpene glucosides, paeoniflorin and albiflorin, in peony (Paeonia lactiflora) were purified from 70% ethanol extract of Paeoniae Radix by diethyl ether washing and n-butanol partition, acetone dissolution, and gradient preparative HPLC. After the whole course of purification, yield of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, and the sum of them were 75.0, 38.8, and 68.7%, respectively, together with the corresponding purity of 96.2, 93.8, and 96.0%.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.263-268
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• 1998

The composition and concentration of monoterpenes in the leaves of Artemisia japonica were determined. And seasonal variation in monoterpenes of A. japonica were investigated. Samples were taken from five sites at Mt. Muhak. Monoterpenes in the leaves were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The leaf monoterpene fractions were dominated by R.T. 5.026, ${\alpha}-thujene$, sabinene, ${\beta}-pinene$, cyclohexane (R.T.=12.859) and R.T. 23.149. There were marked seasonal differences in concentration and composition of leaf monoterpenes. There were many kinds of monoterpenes in leaf of spring time, however most of monoterpenes concentration was small. On the other hand, there were not many kinds of monoterpenes in late time, but monoterpene concentrations were increased.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

From the polar fractions of 70% EtOH extract of Paeonia lactiflora roots (Paeoniaceae), ten monoterpene glucosides were isolated and identified as lactiflorin (1), benzoylpaeoniflorin (2), mudanpioside C (3), $1-O-{\beta}-D-glucosylpaeonisuffrone$ (4), paeonidanin (5), $1-O-{\beta}-D-glucosyl-8-O-benzoylpaeonisuffrone$ (6), paeoniflorin (7), albiflorin (8), oxypaeoniflorin (9) and mudanpioside E (10) by spectroscopic methods. Among these glucosides, 3-6 and 10 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.815-820
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• 2006

Antibacterial activity-guided fractionation of the $CHCl_3-MeOH$ (1:1) extract of Paeonia suffruticosa root bark furnished three monoterpene glycosides, 6-O-vanillyoxypaeoniflorin (1), mudanpioside-H (2), and galloyl-oxypaeoniflorin (3). Of the isolated compounds, compound 1 is a new compound. All isolated compounds showed broad, but moderate, antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 100 to $500\;{\mu}g/mL$ against eighteen pathogenic microorganisms of concern for public health or zoonosis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.5
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• pp.698-705
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• 2010

The concentration of monoterpenes (12 species) was measured from spring to fall in 2008 in ambient air at six different forests located in the southern parts of Korea. Sampling - using a Solid Adsorption Tube - was conducted at 2-hour-interval a day (24 hours) of each season. The highest annual average concentration of total monoterpene was 0.715 ppbv, which occurred at Mt. Baega. ${\alpha}$-Pinene, sabinene and ${\beta}$-pinene were the most abundant compounds throughout the sampling periods and areas. The concentrations of monoterpene were higher in spring than in any other seasons. The compositions and concentrations of monoterpene displayed a distinct pattern by area. Most of monoterpenes had diurnal variations with higher concentrations during the daytime, and lower during the nighttime. This may be due to the fact that the amount of monoterpenes emitted increases at elevated ambient temperatures and increased sunlight intensity. The results of this study showed that each area had distinct monoterpene compositions, which depended on the tree species, topography and local climate at each area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.543-553
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• 2021

This research focused on the investigation of isoprene and terpene emissions from 30 major urban tree species. We conducted sampling using a specific dynamic enclosure system between August and September 2020. Seedlings less than three years old were enclosed in a chamber consisting of a 400 L transparent Tedlar bag. The air-flows from the chamber's outlet were sampled using Tenax-filled sorbent tubes in the presence of standard conditions (temperature: 30℃, PAR: 1,000 μmol/m²/sec). A thermal desorption GC/MS system was used to analyze 38 BVOC compounds (isoprene, monoterpene, sesquiterpene, oxygenated monoterpene, and sesquiterpene). Isoprene emitters included Phyllostachys bambusoides, Quercus serrata, Daphniphyllum macropodum, and Buxus Koreana. Monoterpene emitters included Pinus rigida, Acer pictum subsp. mono, Larix kaempfer, Magnolia denudata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus densiflora, and Abies holophylla. The monoterpene emission profiles were dominated by α-pinene, myrcene, limonene, β-pinen, and sabinene, while caryophyllene and farnesene were the prominent sesquiterpenes. Predominant oxygenated monoterpene compounds were also discovered as pulegone, borneol, menthol, eucalyptol, and nerol, while caryophyllene oxide were the prominent oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes had relatively lower contributions for all species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.4
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• pp.490-501
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• 2022

In this study, the isoprene and terpene emissions from 32 major urban tree species were investigated. We conducted sampling using a dynamic enclosure system between June and July 2021. Seedlings aged < three years were enclosed in a chamber consisting of a 400 L transparent Tedlar bag. The air flow from the outlet of the chamber was sampled using Tenax-filled sorbent tubes under standard conditions (temperature: 30°C; PAR: 1,000 μmol/m²/sec). A thermal desorption gas chromatography/mass spectrometry system was used to analyze the following 38 biogenic volatile organic compounds: isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Isoprene emitters included Quercus mongolica, Salix koreensis, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Salix chaenomeloides. Monoterpene emitters included Pinus strobus, Cedrela sinensis, and Cercis chinensis. The monoterpene emission profiles were dominated by á-pinene, myrcene, camphene, and limonene. The predominant oxygenated monoterpene and oxygenated sesquiterpene were eucalyptol and caryophyllene oxide, respectively. For all species, the contributions of sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were relatively low.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.227-238
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• 1995

Recent reports on biotransformation of monoterpene alchols, aldehydes, acetates and epoxides are summerized. The studies have focused on stereospecific reaction of the functional groups of exogenous foreign substrates by foreign plant cells and micro-organisms. An another important aspect of research is the development of the immobilization technique for cells or related enzymes.