• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1995

1, 3-Di(dodecanoyl)-2, 7-dioxy-6, 8-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane(DDDT) and pentaerythritol monostearate(PMS) were synthesized as a main component for softner. O/W type softner(DPSA) was prepared by blending DDDT and PMS with polyoxyethylene(10) castor oil, polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether, and polyoxyethylene(10) monolaurate. After treatment of DPSA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured. As a result of the measurement, DPSA was proved to be durable softner with good softness.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2021

In this study, random polypropylene (rPP) was compounded with two of monoglycerides, namely, glyceryl monolaurate (GML) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS), as antifogging agents to improve its antifogging performance. rPP film samples were prepared by a film-casting method using a three-roll casting machine after melt blending through a twin screw extruder. With an increase in the monoglyceride content, the melt flow index for rPP films with GML and GMS increased, and their yield strength decreased. The incorporation of GMS in rPP was proven to be more effective in improving its physical properties than was rPP with GML. When GML and GMS were separately added to the rPP film at contents of more than 1 phr and more than 5 phr, respectively, the film exhibited antifogging performance.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1114-1119
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• 1998

지방질층(${\omega}3$계 고도불포화 지방산을 함유한 정제어유)과 수분층(고분자 물질의 분산 호화액)이 3:2(w:w)의 비율로 혼합되고 유화제가 0.50%(w/w)의 농도로 첨가된 O/W형 유화계내에서 첨가된 유화제와 고분자물질의 종류 및 조성이 유화안정성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. HLB값이 11.0 이상 또는 2.8 이하인 단일종류의 유화제가 첨가된 실험구가 99.0 이상의 높은 ESI값을 갖는 안정한 유화계를 형성하였으며, HLB값이 $3.4{\sim}8.6$ 범위의 단일 종류 유화제를 첨가한 경우는 40.0 이하의 낮은 ESI값을 갖는 불안정한 유화계를 형성하였고, 특히 HLB값이 0.6인 유화제 PGPR(polyglycerol polyricinoleate)을 첨가한 경우는 100.0의 높은 ESI값을 나타낼 뿐만 아니라 안정한 유화계를 형성하는 양상을 나타내었다. 또한, PGPR과 PSML(polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate)을 함께 0.50%(w/w)의 농도로 첨가하면 단일 종류의 유화제를 첨가한 경우에 비하여 ESI값이 모두 높은 유화계를 형성하였으며, 유화제의 최적 조성은 PGPR이 0.25%(w/w), PSML이 0.25%(w/w)이었다. 피복물질로서는 waxy corn starch와 agar를 각각 0.25%(w/v) 및 0.50%(w/v)의 농도로 고르게 분산 액화시킨 수분층을 사용한 유화계에서 최대의 ESI값을 갖는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2003

신소재로 각광 받고 있는 chitosan의 낮은 수용성을 극복하기 위하여 chitosan 유도체인 eugenolchicosan(EuCs)을 제조하여 식품유화제로서의 적용을 위한 최적조건을 탐색하였다. 증류수와 옥배유의 혼합비율이 2:3(v/v)일 때 W/O형 유화계를 형성하였으며 유화안정성이 가장 높았다. 유화제로 사용한 EuCs는 단독으로 투입하였을 경우 첨가 농도가 0.18%(w/v)일 때 유화계가 가장 효율적으로 안정하였으며, 2종류 유화제(EuCs/polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate)에 의한 유화안정성 상승효과를 확인할 수 있었지만 EuCs 단독사용 실험구와 유사한 ESI 값을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 저장온도에 따른 유화안정성 변화를 살펴본 결과, $25{\sim}65^{\circ}C$에서는 유화계가 매우 안정하였지만 $75^{\circ}C$ 이상의 저장온도에서 160분이 경과하면서 유화안정성이 급격하게 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편, 균질화 정도는 균질화 속도 11,000 rpm에서 10초 이상인 경우에 유화안정성이 최고에 도달하는 것으로 판명되었다. 또한, 본 논문에서 제조하여 유화핵 제조시 사용한 EuCs의 돌연변이원성은 음성으로 나타났으며, 유해성 금속은 검출되지 않았다. 따라서, EuCs는 W/O형 유화계 형성에 적합하면서도 안전성이 확보된 식품유화제로서의 적용가능성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2009

비튜멘으로부터 효과적으로 물을 제거하기 위하여 화학적 항유화제에 의한 물/비튜멘 에멀젼의 분리를 연구하였다. 비튜멘 에멀젼을 모사하기 위해 모사물질로 엔진오일(GS Caltex Deluxe Gold V 7.5W/30, Hyundai gear oil 85W/140)과 아스팔트(AP-5, KS M 2201, (주)동남유화)를 사용하여 예비실험을 수행하였다. 그리고 오일센드로부터 추출한 비튜멘을 이용하여 실험하였다. 예비실험으로 수행된 물/오일 에멀젼의 분리실험에서 함유화제를 첨가하지 경우 에멀젼이 분리되지 않았으며, 항유화제의 농도가 낮을 때 Hyundai 엔진오일은 GS Caltex 엔진오일보다 분리효율이 높았다. 그러나 GS Caltex 엔진오일에 비해서 분리효율의 증가율은 낮았다. Hyundai 엔진오일은 GS Caltex 엔진오일보다 점도가 높아서 물의 분산이 잘 이루어지지 않았기 때문으로 판단된다. 그리고 HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) 값이 높을수록 분리효율이 높았으며, 사용된 항유화제 중 TWEEN 20 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate solution)이 가장 좋은 분리효율을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1579-1585
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• 2016

Sugar esters are valuable compounds composed of various sugars and fatty acids that can be used as antibacterial agents and emulsifiers in toothpaste and canned foods. For example, fructose fatty acid esters suppress growth of Streptococcus mutans, a typical pathogenic bacterium causing dental caries. In this study, fructose laurate ester was chosen as a target material and was synthesized by a transesterification reaction using Candida antarctica lipase B. We performed a solvent screening experiment and found that a t-butanol/dimethyl sulfoxide mixture was the best solvent to dissolve fructose and methyl laurate. Fructose laurate was synthesized by transesterification of fructose (100 mM) with methyl laurate (30 mM) in t-butanol containing 20% dimethyl sulfoxide. The conversion yield was about 90%, which was calculated based on the quantity of methyl laurate using high-performance liquid chromatography. Fructose monolaurate (M_r 361) was detected in the reaction mixture by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The inhibitory effect of fructose laurate on growth of oral or food spoilage microorganisms, including S. mutans, Bacillus coagulans, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus, was evaluated.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

The solubility and stability of quercetin in various vehicles were determined. The solubility of quercetin at $28^{\circ}C$ increased in the rank order of isopropyl myristate < oleyl alcohol < propylene glycol monolaurate < oleoyl macrogol­6 glycerides < linoleoyl macrogol-6 glycerides < propylene glycol laurate (PGL) < propylene glycol monocaprylate (PGMC) < polyethylene glycol-8 glyceryl linoleate < caprylocaproyl macrogol-6 glycerides < diethylene glycol mono ethyl ether (DGME). The addition of DGME to non-aqueous vehicles such as PGL ad PGMC markedly increased the solubility of quercetin. From the stability studies, it was found that quercetin was unstable due to rapid oxidation by dissoved oxygen. The addition of a combination of ascorbic acid and edetic acid (EDTA) at 0.1 % markedly decreased the degradation rates of quercetin in 40% polyethylene glycol 400 in saline. Quercetin was relatively unstable in non-aqueous vehicles such as PGL and PGMC alone, and PGL-PGMC co-solvent The degradation of quercetin in such non-aqueous vehicles was fast, depending on temperature. The addition of butylated, hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, citric acid and/or EDTA at 0.1 % was effective in retarding the degradation of quercetin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 1997

Aureobasidium puliulans possesses the capacity for simultaneous formation of fructosyltransferase and glucosyltransferase in various sugar media including sucrose, maltose, glucose and fructose. Among them, sucrose (300 g/1) was the most suitable carbon source for fructosyltransferase production, while fructose (100 g/1) gave the maximal production of glucosyltransferase. There existed a critical concentration for the optimal formation of enzymes in sucrose, glucose and fructose media. By contrast, no effect of maltose concentrations up to 300 g/1 was observed. The specific activity of the glucosyltransferase on maltose medium was highest during the early period of fetmentation, after which a sharp decrease occurred, whereas fructosyltransferase activity on sucrose medium maintained a nearly constant rate for a given culture period. Concomitant production of fructosyltransferase and glucosyltransferase was investigated with different combinations of lower concentrations of sucrose and maltose. Maltose supplementation in sucrose media and sucrose addition to maltose media enhanced the activity ratios of fructosyltransferase to glucosyltransferase as compared to that of non-supplemented media. Several polymers and surfactants were added in an attempt to enhance enzyme production, and supplementation of polyoxyethylene-sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) promoted fructosyltransferase production by 20%.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.392-399
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• 2002

The effects of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the in vitro permeation of melatonin through dorsal hairless mouse skin were investigated. Propylene glycol laurate (PGL), isopropyl myristate (IPM), propylene glycol monolaurate (PGML) and propylene glycol monocaprylate (PGMC) showed high permeation fluxes and PGL, PGML and PGMC decreased lag time significantly. In both of the binary co-solvents of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DGME)-PGL and DGME-IPM, the highest fluxes were achieved at 20% of DGME, which were $10.5{\pm}1.5$ and $9.1{\pm}2.4{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/cm^2/h$, respectively. Among fatty acids used as a permeation enhancer, capric acid and oleic acid in DGME-PGL (80:20 v/v) showed relatively high enhancing effects. Capric acid also shortened the lag time of melatonin from $2.4{\pm}0.7{\;}to{\;}1.3{\pm}0.2{\;}h$. Oleic acid, however, failed to shorten the lag time. Therefore, for effective solution formulations in terms of permeation flux and lag time, capric acid-containing DGME-PGL (80 : 20 v/v) could be used to enhance the skin permeation of melatonin.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.864-869
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• 1999

식용식물 섬바디에서 분리한 falcarindiol과 monoglyceride (MG)와의 상승효과를 실험하였다. Falcarindiol 30 ppm 및 10 ppm과 MG 25 ppm, 10 ppm을 각각 배지에 첨가하여 Lm 5균주에 대한 혼탁도를 비교한 결과 4개의 처리구에서 시험된 모든 균에 대하여 혼탁도가 나타나지 않았다. 이 결과로 falcarindiol과 monoglyceride의 혼합물의 살균효과가 기대되어, Tryptic soy broth에 혼탁도 비교시 사용한 동일 농도를 첨가한 후, Lm 2균주(ATCC 19111, ATCC 19114)를 배양시켜 24시간 간격으로 생균수를 확인한 결과 대조구는 초기 $10^5{\sim}10^6\;CFU/mL$에서 72시간 배양결과 2 log cycle 증가하는 반면, 처리구는 72시간 배양결과 colony를 발견할 수 없었다. 이 결과를 볼 살균효과가 인정되었다. 이상의 결과로 섬바디로부터 분리된 falcarindiol과 monogyleride와의 혼합물은 살균효과가 단독 사용시보다 상승하였고, 합성 항균제보다 우수한 천연 항균제로서의 가능성이 있다고 평가된다.