• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2014

같은 속의 복숭아순나방(Grapholita molesta)과 복숭아순나방붙이(G. dimorpha)는 기주범위와 야외에서의 성충 발생 양상이 유사하다. 또한 두 종은 성페로몬 성분으로 cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12:Ac)와 trans-8-dodenceyl acetate (E8-12:Ac)을 공통으로 사용하고 있는데, 이 두 성분으로 구성된 상용 성페로몬 유인제에 두 종이 혼합되어 유인된다. 본 연구는 복숭아순나방붙이 트랩에 복숭아순나방이 혼합유인되는 현상을 줄이기 위해 성페로몬 미량성분의 효과를 분석했다. 복숭아순나방붙이 성페로몬인 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac = 85/15에 cis-8-tetradecenyl acetate(Z8-14:Ac)를 첨가했을 때, 복숭아순나방붙이의 유인은 유지되면서 복숭아순나방의 유인은 유의하게 억제되었다. Dodecyl acetate (12:Ac)와 tetradecyl acetate (14:Ac)의 첨가는 두 종의 유인력에 영향을 주지 않았다. 한편 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10의 세 성분 성페로몬에 trans-8-tetradecenyl acetate (E8-14:Ac)를 첨가했을 때, 복숭아순나방붙이의 유인이 오히려 유의하게 억제되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10의 조성이 개선된 복숭아순나방붙이의 성페로몬으로 제시되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sex, environmental factors, and feeding system on the carcass traits of Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle). Data were collected from 7,866 heads slaughtered in Chungnam province during one-year period. Using the collected carcass traits data which greatly influence a Hanwoo's carcass grade, the effects of sex class, slaughter season, and feeding system were estimated. Backfat thickness of steers was significantly higher than that of bulls (p < 0.05). Marbling score was also the highest in steers when compared with cows and bulls (p < 0.05). Live weight and carcass weight were significantly higher in winter than in summer (p < 0.05). However, backfat thickness was significantly lower in summer than in other seasons (p < 0.05). Marbling score was higher in spring and fall than in summer and winter (p < 0.05). In terms of feeding systems, TMR (Total mixed ration) and TMF (Total mixed fermentation feed) fed groups showed the highest carcass grade (p < 0.05). However, the group fed TMR and formula feed at the final fattening period showed the lowest performance (p < 0.05) and it is assumed that some stress was associated to the feed change. The results reconfirm that castration may be recommended in order to improve meat quality and marbling scores in bulls. There was no consistent trend of seasonal effects of slaughter on carcass traits although some traits were significantly affected. Regarding the feeding system, either TMR or TMF can be supplied to achieve high feed efficiency and good carcass characteristics in Hanwoo.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine children's dramatic play and dramatic play themes in the same-age and mixed-age kindergarten classrooms. The subjects were 45 children in three classrooms of 4-year-olds, 69 children in three classrooms of 5-year-olds, and 60 children in three mixed-age classrooms of 4-and 5-year-olds. Observations were conducted by videotape recordings. Observation periods were of five-minutes duration. There were ten observations of children's indoor free-play periods. Four-and five-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms were more likely to engage in group-dramatic play than 4-and 5-year-olds in same-age classrooms. Four-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms were more likely to engage in domestic and family, war/violence, school, animal, and vehicle play themes than 4-year-olds in same-age classrooms. However, 5-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms were more likely to engage in family and school play themes than 5-year-olds in same-age classrooms. 5-year-olds in same-age classrooms were more likely to engage in vehicle and animal play themes than 5-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms. 5-year-olds in same-age classrooms did not differ from 5-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms on the war/violence themes used during dramatic play. In terms of sex differences, boys were more likely to engage in violence, adventure fantage themes than girls. Conversely girls were more likely to engage in family/marriage static play themes than boys.

• 한국심리학회지:법
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 성범죄 전자감독대상자들의 재범 기간 추적과 동종재범여부에 따른 생존율의 차이를 분석하였으며, 범죄전력의 재범예측력을 확인하고자하였다. 재범에 대한 기준은 전자감독 실시 중 발생한 범죄사건으로 인해 유죄가 확정된 경우로 정의하였으며, 재범일은 유죄로 확정된 사건의 사건발생일로 하였다. 분석에 활용된 재범자는 122명, 비재범자는 126명이며, 모두 성범죄를 저질러 전자감독명령을 부과 받은 대상자이다. 연구 결과, 성범죄 전자감독대상자 중 재범을 저지른 자들은 대부분 3년 이내에 재범하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 재범사건을 이종재범과 동종재범으로 분류한 후 집단 간 생존율의 차이를 분석하였다. 집단구성인원은 각각 이종재범집단 88명, 동종재범집단 34명으로 분석 결과, 두 집단 모두 3년 이내에 가장 많은 재범이 확인되었다. 이종재범집단의 생존율과 동종재범집단의 생존율은 다소 차이가 나타나는 것으로 확인되어 비교분석을 수행하였으며 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이는 확인되지 않았다(Wilcoxon statistic = 2.326, df = 1, p = .13, Log Rank = 1.345, df = 1, p = .25). 다음으로 범죄전력 변수의 재범 예측력 확인을 위해 Cox회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 성범죄 전력횟수와 폭력범죄 전력횟수는 성범죄 전자감독대상자의 재범을 잘 예측하는 것으로 분석되었다(X²=27.33, df=1, < .001). 결과적으로 최근 발표되는 자료들에 따르면, 전자감독의 시행으로 재범률이 점차 낮아지고 있으나, 전자감독 대상자 중 고위험군(재범집단)에 속하는 대상자들의 재범소요기간은 다소 짧은 것으로 확인되었다. 이들에 대한 집중적인 통제와 관리가 이루어지기 위해서는 초고위험 집단을 선별할 필요가 있다. 이에, 본 연구와 같이 고위험군에 대한 특성 및 재범연구들을 기반으로 처분의 근거를 마련하는 것은 형사사법절차의 객관성을 부여하는데 있어 큰 역할을 할 것이다.

• 분석과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.80-83
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• 1999

사람에게서 유래된 DNA시료의 X,Y 특이의 alphoid gene을 PCR법으로 분석하면 성별을 확인할 수 가 있다. PCR법으로 alphoid gene을 분석한바 매우 예민도가 높아 genomic DNA 약 60pg까지 성별을 분석할 수 있었다. 그리고 성별이 혼합되어 있는 DNA에서 female DNA의 1/10비 까지는 male DNA를 분석할 수 있었다. 따라서 이 결과는 혼합된 DNA에서 X,Y 특이의 alphoid gene을 분석하는데 기준으로 활용할 수가 있다.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese parents' reaction to their children's negative emotions and how these reactions relate to their children's understanding of emotions. Forty-two Chinese children (aged 4) and their parents participated in this study. Coping with Children's Negative Emotion Scale was given to parents to assess their reaction to their children's negative emotions. Children's emotional understanding was assessed using the modified emotional false-belief task and mixed emotion task. The results showed that Chinese parents gave supportive reactions more than non-supportive reactions to their children, and no difference in sex was found. The percentages of correct answers to false-belief task and mixed emotion task were low with no gender difference in both tasks. When age and sex of children were controlled, only fathers' supportive reactions to children's negative emotions significantly explained the variances in the level of children's understanding of emotions in both tasks. That is, children whose fathers showed greater supportive reactions to their negative emotions performed better at both tasks. It was concluded that fathers' supportive reactions to their children's negative emotions are very influential for emotional understanding among 4-year-old children in China.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.785-792
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• 1994

In this study, the authors analyzed the prognostic value of four clinical variables[age and sex of patients, association with myasthenia gravis and clinical stage] and histological type in 30 consecutive patients with thymoma, histologically classified as cortical[10],medullary[5] and mixed[15]type according to Marino and Muller-Hermelink classification. There were significant differences between the histological types in the frequency of the different tumor stages and myasthenia gravis and prognosis.Most of the cortical thymomas were at stage III and all of the medullary and most of the mixed tumors at stage I or II.Myasthenia gravis occurred more commonly in patients with cortical[30%] and mixed thymoma[60%] than in patients with medullary thymoma[10%]. Follow-up was conducted in 30 patients,with follow-up range from 3 months to 120 months[mean,47.3months]. 5 year actuarial survival was 100% for medullary thymoma, 73% for mixed thymoma, and 47% for cortical thymoma.The overall survival curve shows that 87.6% of the patients are alive at 2 years and 72.8% at 5 years. And 7 patients was dead during follow-up periods.By Kaplan-Meier technique, we found that the patients who had myasthenia gravis had better prognosis[P<0.05]. Medullary thymoma is a comparatively rare, benign tumor, and usually not associated with myasthenia gravis. Cortical thymoma must be regarded as malignant. Mixed thymoma is intermediate in its behavior between medullary and cortical thymoma. But these tumors should be considered potentially malignant despite of presence as stage I of II disease. Also, the patients with stageI,II had good prognosis and the patients with total resection had good prognosis[P<0.05].

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2011

연구는 양질의 피조개 수정란 확보와 안정적 종묘생산을 위하여 피조개 모패의 먹이생물로 미세조류 3종 (Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis tetrathele, Phaeodactylum tricornutum) 을 단독 또는 혼합 공급하여 먹이생물에 따른 피조개 모패의 비만도, 생식소발달, 성숙유도율 및 생존율을 조사하였다. 사육 45일 경과 후 피조개 모패의 완숙기 출현율, 성숙유도율 및 생존율은 3종의 미세조류를 혼합 공급하거나 T. tetrathele를 단독공급한 실험구에서 가장 높았다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.193-196
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• 2010

Multiplex PCR-based short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is considered as a good tool for monitoring bone marrow engraftment after sex-mismatched allogeneic transplantation and provides a sensitive and accurate assessment of the contribution of both donor and/or recipient cells in post-transplantation specimens. Forensic STR analysis and quantitative real time PCR are used to determine the proportion of donor versus recipient each contained within the total DNA. The STR markers were co-amplified in a single reaction by using commercial $PowerPlex^{(R)}$ 16 system and $AmpFISTR^{(R)}$ $Identifiler^{(R)}$ / $Yfiler^{(R)}$ PCR amplification kits. Separation of the PCR products and fluorescence detection were performed by ABI $PRIS^{(R)}$ 3100 Genetic Analyzer with capillary electrophoresis. The $GeneMapper^{TM}$ ID software were used for size calling and analysis of STR profiles. Extracted DNA was quantified by the $Quantifiler^{TM}$ Human DNA / Y Human Male DNA Quantification Kit The intent of this study was to analyze the ratio of donor versus recipient cells in the post-transplant peripheral blood, spleen, lung and kidney specimens. Specimens were taken from the traffic accident male victim who had been engrafted from bone marrow female donor. Blood and spleen specimens displayed female donor DNA profile. Kidney specimen showed male recipient DNA profile. Interestingly, lung tissue showed mixed profiles. The findings of this study indicate that the forensic STR analysis using fluorescence labeling PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis is quick and reliable enough to assess the ratio of donor versus recipient cells and to monitor the mixed chimeric patterns.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1983

The author studied on the dental arch widths and lengths and height of palates at 3 groups of dentition: mixed dentition, early permanent dentition, young adult, having normal occlusion and dentition. The models of the 336 maxillary and mandibular case, made from alginate-base hydrocolloid impressions were measured and analyzed statistically. The result as follows; 1. The upper intercanine width increased between the mixed dentition group and early permanent dentition group but there was no change in the young adult group in both sexes. The lower intercanine width increased between the mixed dentition group and early permanent dention group in the male. 2. The upper and lower 1st bimolar width increased slightly with age in the male but there was no change in the female. 3, The sex difference found in this study was one of absolute size, the female being slightly smaller than the male in the early permanent dentition group and young adult. 4. The arch length had no notable sexual differences and decreased between the mixed dentition group and early permanent dentition group. There was no change in the arch length in the young adult. 5. The height of palate increased gradually with age.