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Concomitant Dual Origin and Fenestration of the Left Vertebral Artery Resembling Dissection

  • Kim, Dae-Won
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.498-500
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    • 2009
  • Dual origin and fenestration of the vertebral artery (VA) are very rare anomalies. Understanding of these variations, however, is important because they can be misdiagnosed as a VA dissection. A 42-year-old woman presented with motor weakness and sensory disturbance of the right upper extremity. Radiologic evaluations showed ectatic change in the right VA and an arteriovenous fistula between the right VA and the vertebral vein. We decided on endovascular occlusion of the proximal right VA and its fistulous portion. During the endovascular procedure, we had misunderstood the dual origin and fenestration of the VA as a dissection. Thus, failure to recognize these anomalies might result in unnecessary anticoagulation or therapeutic intervention. Clinicians should be alert to such VA variations when making a diagnosis and when planning any intervention or surgery involving the proximal VA.

On Position of the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius in Chinese Dietary Culture History (중국 음식문화 속에서의 '공맹식도(孔孟食道)')

  • Jo, Yeong-Gwang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.496-529
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    • 2002
  • The theory-the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius was an objective existance in Chinese dietary culture history, but it was ignored in the last two thousand years. In addition, some people misunderstood Confucius' and Mencius' thoughts and statements. This paper believes that the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius is Confucius' and Mencius' diet opinions, thoughts, theories and basic style in their diet experiences. Confucius' diet experience and Mencius' diet experience were alike, and Mencius' experience carried on Confuius' and theirs were the same in some sections. They all stay their diet standard to their stomach and don't persue good meal. They all thought resolving people's diet was important for a country and for the politic problems. Mencius succeeded Confucius' diet thoughts and put them to the theories-diet principle, diet standard, and diet morality. This paper deeply discusses theory, developing history condition and the affection and position in Chinese diet history of the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius.

Opioid-induced Muscle Rigidity with a Delayed Manifestation Misunderstood as a Tension Pneumothorax -A case report- (긴장성 기흉으로 오인된 지연 발현된 아편양 제제 유발 근경축 -증례보고-)

  • Kang, Bong Jin;Kim, Sung Hoon
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.66-70
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    • 2008
  • Opioid-induced rigidity is a potentially life-threatening complication that can occur after treatment with large doses of opioids, but with early recognition it can be treated effectively with naloxone or with muscle relaxants. Regarding its onset time, there have been few case reports that have described delayed manifestations of opioid-induced rigidity. The mechanism of this complication is not well understood. In this report we describe a case of incidental overdose injection of sufentanil and subsequently review the confusing clinical features that require immediate diffenrentiation and the possible mechanim of this complication.

Activation Energy Asymptotics Revisited (I);Quasisteady Extinction conidtion of Diffusion Flames (활성화에너지점근법의 재고찰 (I);확산화염의 준정상소화조건)

  • Kim, Jong-Soo
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.06a
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    • pp.124-132
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    • 2004
  • Activation energy asymptotics (AEA) for Linan's diffusion-flame regime is revisited in this paper. The main purpose of the paper is to carefully re-examine each AEA analysis step in order to clarify the some concepts that are often misunderstood among the ordinary practitioners of the AEA. Particular attention is focused on the different AEA regimes arising from the double limit of large Zel'dovich and Damkohler numbers. In addition. the expansion procedures are shown in detail and the method that the turning point condition, commonly known as the Linan's extinction condition, is found is explained.

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Issues in Localising 3D Sound in Space Using Head- Related Transfer Functions (머리전달함수를 이용한 공간 음상 정위의 문제점 고찰)

  • Cheung Wan-Sup;Hwang Shin;Lee Jeung-Hoon;Kyun Hyu-Sang
    • Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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    • spring
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 1999
  • This paper addresses major issues in localising sound sources in space using the experimental data set of head-related responses in the time or frequency domain. They come from the technical realisation steps for implementing the convolution of HRIR's with sound sources, the cross-talk cancellation for transaural filtering, the matched time delay compensation, etc. in real, those technical matters seem to be minor because they can be realised in off-line signal processing schemes. This paper puts much emphasis on what we misunderstood about the sets of HRTF's or HRIR's, More specifcaily, the sets of HRTF's or HRIR's of course supply relevant information to sound localisation but include much useless 'rubbish' that have made for us to fail to put spatial image into real souno signals such as voices and music's. This paper proposes possible reasons for such failure and, furthermore, introduces detained subjects that should be challenged so as to resolve them.

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High School Students's Misconceptions on Genetics and Evolution (고등학생(高等學生)들의 유전(遺傳)과 진화(進化)에 대(對)한 오개념(誤槪念))

  • Chung, Wan-Ho;Cha, Hee-Young
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.170-183
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    • 1994
  • In this study, in order to find our high school students' misconceptions on genetics and evolution, a free-answer form of questionnaire, specially designed through analysis of high school biology curriculum, was developed and sent to one hundred and eight high school students in Seoul area. Their responses were collected and qualitatively analyzed. Main results of the study can be summarized as follows: 1. Some students misunderstood that aquired chracters are inherited. 2. Several students weren't instructed clearly about gene. For example, they responsed that genes are not material, composed of proteins, exist only in reproductive cells and are not in plant cells at all. 3. Some students confused chromosome with chlorophyll, dorminant (in dorminant character) with excellent. They are caused by similar spells in Korean letter 4. Half students misconceptualized that organisms evolve just when their environment changes for the worse. 5. Many students believed orthogenesis.

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Consumer's Self-assessment and Its Problem : Htalth and Food (소비자의 주관적 평가와 그 문제점 :건강과 음식)

  • Shim, Young
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.447-457
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of consumer's self-assessment on actual diets and to analyze its accuracy by consumer's health status. The results were as follows: In general, many consumers misunderstood or assessed inaccurately their actual diets. In particular, the Extreme Optimists and the Optimists were the consumers whose diets were poor, but who assessed wrongly their actual diet quality. In relation with their health status, these two groups showed that the better the consumers consider their health, the more the Extreme Optimists and the Optimists are.

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A study on the Aluminium Beam Methods for Building a Stone Finished Envelope (석재 외피 시공을 위한 알루미늄 빔 지지공법 연구)

  • Kim, Jang-Ook;Lee, Young-Lae;Hong, Seong-Wook;Doh, Sun-Boong;Lee, Han-Seung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2012.05a
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    • pp.235-242
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    • 2012
  • In recently constructed building, It has become fashionable again that the heavy external skin system such as a Stone Finished Envelope. There are Squared Steel Pipe Methods, C-Shaped Steel Pipe Methods, and Aluminum Beam Methods in the structure of a heavy external skin system. The Aluminum Beam Methods is often misunderstood as a Plane Truss Structure, but this method is not appropriate to be called to a truss structure but a beam methods. The Aluminum Beam Methods is the most Eco-friendly methods in terms of Quality assurance, Efficiency, Safety, Construction period, Durability, and Recyclability. And this Methods is also very appropriate in considering the point of Energy conservation, Waste reduction, Long-life architecture, Replacement parts, Environmental protection, Public efficiency, and Building demolition.

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A Study of an Instrument Development to Measure of the Service Process (서비스 프로세스의 측정을 위한 도구 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Yim, Myung-Seong;Choi, Sung-Wook
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.173-197
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    • 2010
  • Though service is recognized as not only a new driver for economy growth but also a source for sustainable value creation, it has been misunderstood in the literatures because of traditional characteristics of service such as inseparability, heterogeneity, intangibility, and perishability. This perspective can be a cause of barrier to approach a service. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate an instrument to measure of the service process. A series of statistical procedures were used to analyze the data, which proved that the instrument is valid and reliable. This study makes a contribution to both academic research and management practice. Theoretically, this study provides a measurement of service process in organizations for identifying service process. In practice, the results of this study will help organizations evaluate their service process innovation.

Recent Research and Development of Minor Active Components Derived from Milk (우유 유래 미량 기능성 소재 최근 연구 개발 동향)

  • Kang, Shin-Ho
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2010
  • Milk components and their derivatives are a rich source of bioactive substances and play a central role in the development of functional foods. Many scientific evidences have shown that milk proteins have a biological health-promoting functionality. However, in recent times, dairy calcium and growth factors derived from milk have been misunderstood to cause diseases such as osteoporosis or cancer. This review focuses on the importance of milk-derived growth factors and some minor active components and briefly considers the emerging trends of personalized nutrition in future dairy research and development.

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