• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2006

The ubiquitous presence of lactoferrin(LF) receptor in human as reported by the research group of Prof. Bo Lonnerdal, Univ. California (Suzuki, Y. A.,2001) encouraged us to search for the unknown physiological roles of Lf. Under the collaboration with Prof. Etsumori Harada, Tottori Univ., and his research group, we have found two novel biological activities of LF as the control of the lipid metabolism and the effect on the central nervous system. Relating to the lipid metabolism, LF could, in animal experiments, reduce triglyceride and total cholesterol both in blood and liver (Takeuchi, T et αl., 2003). LF increased plasms HDL-C and lowered LDL-C. In the central nervous system, LF showed anti-nociceptive activity mediated by ${\mu}$-opioid receptor in the rat spinal cord (Hayashida, K. et al., 2003). LF enhanced analgesic action of morphine synergistically via nitric oxide synthesis (Hayashida, K., et al., 2003) LF showed opioid-mediated suppressive effect on distress induced by maternal separation in rat pups (Takeuchi, T., et al., 2003).

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2018

Melatonin, an indolic tryptophan-derived compound, is secreted rhythmically from the pineal gland, mainly under the regulation of the circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Melatonin is widely present in nature, with biological activities in unicellular organisms, plants, and animals. A major function of melatonin is to transmit information to organisms about certain physiological functions in response to daily and seasonal variations in their environment. In this paper, we review a variety of melatonin's functional properties, its occurrence in plants, and its synthesis by yeasts. Fermented milk supplemented with melatonin-rich plants and yeasts can be used for the effective treatment of sleep disorders.

• 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유가공기술과학회 2005년도 제61회 국제 유가공 심포지움
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The ubiquitous presence of lactoferrin (LF) receptor in human as reported by the research group of Prof, Bo Lonnerdal, Univ. California, encouraged us to search for the unknown physiological roles of LF. Under the collaboration with Prof. Etsumori Harada, Tottori Univ., and his research group, we have found two novel biological activities of LF as the control of the lipid metabolism and the effect on the central nervous system. Relating to the lipid metabolism, LF could, in animal experiments, reduce triglyceride and total cholesterol both in blood and liver. LF increased plasma HDL-C and lowered LDL-C. In the central nervous system, LF showed anti-nociceptive activity mediated by ${\mu}$-opioid receptor in the rat spinal cord. LF enhanced analgesic action of morphine synergistically via nitric oxide synthesis. LF showed opioid-mediated suppressive effect on distress induced by maternal separation in rat pups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.1157-1163
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• 2001

First-litter gilts were used to determine how different dietary treatments during gestation affect the reproductive performance of gilts and immunity development of their piglets. Twenty-two crossbred $Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$ gilts were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments, Following conception, the gilts were fed experimental diets until farrowing occurred. The diet for treatment I was low protein diet (8% CP), treatment 2 had an additional supplement of 0.14% threonine that was added to the low protein diet, and treatment 3 was a control diet containing 12% CP. During gestation, net body weight gain of sows in treatment group 2 was higher than in treatment group 1 (p=0,075), However, during lactation there was no difference between all treatments groups on body weight loss and their live piglets at birth. Although milk IgG between treatments did not differ, treatment groups 2 and 3 were slightly higher than treatment group I was, Plasma IgG concentrations in piglets were however equal within all treatment groups at birth and at 7 days of age, at 21 days of age, it was higher in treatment group I than it was in the other two groups (p<0.01), Threonine supplementation to a low protein diet during gestation slightly increases milk IgG of sows, It is beneficial for piglets to acquire more passive immunity, but a suppressive effect was also noted on the endogenous IgG synthesis in piglets. A gestation diet of 8% CP for gilts can stimulate immuno-system of her piglets.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.334-347
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• 2000

The present experiment was carried out to study the utilization of glucose in the mammary gland of crossbred Holstein cattle during feeding with different types of roughage. Sixteen first lactating crossbred Holstein cattle which comprised eight animals of two breed types, Holstein Friesian${\times}$Red Sindhi ($50{\times}50=50%$ HF) and Holstein Friesian${\times}$Red Sindhi ($87.5{\times}12.5=87.5%$ HF). They were divided into four groups of 4 animals each of the same breed. The utilization of glucose in the mammary gland was determined by measuring rates of glucose uptake and the incorporation of glucose into milk components in both groups of 50% HF and 87.5% HF animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw. In early lactation, there were no significant differences of the total glucose entry rate and glucose carbon recycling among groups of crossbred animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw. During lactation advance, the total glucose turnover rates and recycling of carbon glucose of crossbred HF animals feeding on urea treated rice straw were markedly higher than those of crossbred HF animals feeding on hay as roughage, whereas there were no significant changes for both groups of crossbred animals feeding on hay. The percentages and values of non-mammary glucose utilization showed an increase during lactation advance in the same group of both 50% HF and 87.5% HF animals. The percentage of glucose uptake for utilization in the synthesis of milk lactose by the mammary gland was approximately 62% for both groups of 87.5% HF and by approximately 55% for both groups of 50% HF animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw. Intracellular glucose 6-phosphate metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway accounted for the NADPH (reducing equivalent) of fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland being higher in 87.5% HF animals during mid-lactation. A large proportion of metabolism of glucose via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway in the mammary gland was more apparent in both groups of 50% HF animals than those of 87.5 % HF animals during early and mid-lactation while it markedly increased for both groups of 87.5% HF animals during late lactation. It can be concluded that utilization of glucose in the mammary gland occurs in a different manner for 50% HF and 87.5% HF animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw. The glucose utilization for biosynthetic pathways in the mammary gland of 50% HF animals is maintained in a similar pattern throughout the periods of lactation. A poorer lactation persistency in both groups of 87.5% HF animals occurs during lactation advance, which is related to a decrease in the lactose biosynthetic pathway.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.520-526
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• 2021

반추가축의 반추위내 미생물단백질은 단백질의 공급원중 일부이며 글루타메이트 생산을 위한 공급원이기도 하다. 글루탐산은 신체의 대사반응, 근육 및 기타 세포구성에 필요한 단백질 합성물질로 이용되며 면역기능항진에도 매우 필수적으로 이용된다. 또한 계면활성제, 완충제, 킬레이트제제, 향미 증강제, 배양배지 및 농업 분야에서 성장촉진제로 이용된다. 글루탐산은 감마-아미노부티르산(GABA)생산을 위한 기질로서 본 연구는 글루탐산의 기능과 글루탐산 탈 탄산효소 유전자를 포함하는 미생물에 대한 정보를 제공하는데 있다. GABA는 체온 조절, 건물섭취량, 유생산량 및 유성분을 개선시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 대부분의 글루탐산과 GABA 생성 미생물은 대부분 Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus 및 Streptococcus 종과 같은 젖산생성 미생물로 이루어져 있다. 반추위내 대사기전을 보면 GABA 합성을 통해 succinate 생산과정을 거치고, succinate는 탈수소효소반응을 통해 프로피온산과 기타 대사산물을 생산할 수 있다. 또한 Clostridium tetanomorphum과 혐기성 Micrococci는 글루타메이트 발효과정에서 아세트산과 낙산을 생성한다. 프로피온산과 기타 대사산물은 간에서의 혈당으로 전변되어 반추가축의 유선세포에서 유당 및 체중증가를 위한 에너지를 제공한다. 이를 통해 반추가축의 건강상태 개선 및 성장촉진을 위한 중요한 미생물로 이용가능하다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.689-695
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• 2011

모유대체지를 합성하기 위하여 palm stearin을 acetone fractionation으로 획득한 PPP rich fraction과 oleic ethyl ester를 기질로 사용하고, sn-1,3 위치 선택성을 가진 Lipozyme TLIM을 이용하여 에스테르 교환반응을 수행하였다. 반응 조건(반응 온도, 반응 시간, 기질의 비율)을 요인 변수로 하여 중심 합성 계획에 의한 반응표면분석을 이용하였고, 비 용매 계에서의 반응을 통해 sn-2 위치에 팔미트산의 함량이 높고, sn-1,3에 올레산의 함량이 높은 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol(OPO) 합성 조건을 최적화 하였다. 모델에 의하여 구해진 최적화 조건은 반응온도=$55^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 =3시간, 기질비율=1:6이었고 이때 sn-2 위치의 팔미트산($Y_1$, %)의 함량은 70.70%이었고 sn-1,3 위치의 올레산($Y_2$, %) 함량은 69.58% 이었다. 최적조건에서 합성된 모유대체지를 silver ion HPLC분석 결과 SSS(5.22%), SSU(36.28%), SUU(12.94%), USU(31.24%), UUU(11.04%)로 나타났다. 한편, TAG(90.35 g/100 g), 1,3-DAG (5.66 g/100 g)와 1,2-DAG(4.00 g/100 g)로 구성되어 있었고, 1,3-DAG 가 1,2-DAG 보다 많이 생성되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 기능성 우유의 생산을 위해 높은 항산화 효과를 가지고 심혈관계 질환 환자에게 유익한 CoQ10을 홀스타인 젖소의 우유에 전이시키기 위해 CoQ10 생산성이 높은 R. sphaeroides가 반추위 내에서 생존하며 반추위 환경에 적응하여 CoQ10 생산의 가능성과 반추위 발효에 미치는 영향을 판단하였다. 반추위 환경과 가장 유사한 환경을 만들 수 있는 반추위연속배양장치(RSCC)를 이용하여 CoQ10 생산과 반추 발효를 분석하였다. 전체 15일의 배양기간에서 배양이 안정되는 12일 후부터 5% R. sphaeroides 처리한 군과 R. sphaeroides를 처리하지 않은 대조구로 나누어 실험을 진행한 결과, RSCC system시험에서는 NDF, ADF, pH, NH₃-N그리고 미생물 단백질 합성량은 대조구와 유사한 결과를 보였으나, R. sphaeroides가 성장함으로써 반추위에서 분해되지 않는 반추위 비분해성 단백질인 UDP가 대조구에 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 특히, CoQ10은 대조구에서는 검출되지 않았으나, 처리구에서는 CoQ10 함량이 336.0 mg/l로 높게 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해서 R. sphaeroides는 반추위 내에서 항산화 물질인 CoQ10을 높은 농도로 생산할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 추후 젖소 착유 실험을 통한 CoQ10 우유 전이 실험을 진행하여 기능성 우유 생산을 위한 첨가제 개발에 활용할 예정이다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.519-523
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• 2003

Alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) includes a group of organic acids found in natural foods such as sugarcane (glycolic acid), milk (lactic acid), apples (malic acid) and oranges (citric acid). Earlier studies demonstrated the effect of AHAs on the skin by diminishing the adhesiveness of the corneal layer and increasing the viable epidermal thickness. Recent data suggest that AHAs have some effects on the dermal component of skin and even affect the aging process of the skin. A previous study revealed increased collagen production by treatment with glycolic acid among AHAs in vitro. However, the mechanism of the regulation of collagen production by glycolic acid was unclear. In present study, we tried to demonstrate the effect of glycolic acid on human dermal fibroblasts and to unveil the mechanism of regulation of collagen production by glycolic acid in human dermal fibroblasts: proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis and degradation by collagenases in fibroblasts. Our results suggested that glycolic acid had no effect on proliferation and cytotoxicity of adult human dermal fibroblasts. However, glycolic acid not only induced the increase of the collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts at lower concentration than 0.1 % but also inhibited MMP-2 activity of human dermal fibroblast in the range between 0.01 and 0.4% and MMP-9 activity of human dermal fibroblast in the range between 0.06 and 0.09%. In summary, our results suggest that glycolic acid may increase wrinkle reduction partially by both increase in collagen synthesis and decrease in collagen degradation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.837-844
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• 2006

Four, lactating dairy cows were randomly assigned according to a $2{\times}2$ Factorial arrangement in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to study supplementation of urea level (U) at 2 and 4% and sodium dl-malate (M) at 10 and 20 g/hd/d in concentrate. The treatments were as follows U2M10, U2M20, U4M10 and U4M20, respectively. The cows were offered the treatment concentrate at a ratio to milk yield at 1:2.5 and urea-treated rice straw was fed ad libitum. The results have revealed that rumen fermentation and blood metabolites were similar for all treatments. The populations of protozoa and fungal zoospores were significantly different as affected by urea level and sodium dl-malate. In addition, the viable bacteria were similar for amylolytic and proteolytic bacteria. Cellulolytic bacteria were significantly affected by level of sodium dl-malate especially Selenomonas ruminantium and Megasphaera elsdenii while Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was significantly affected by level of urea supplementation. In conclusion, the combined use of concentrate containing high level of cassava chip at 75% DM with urea at 4% in concentrate and sodium dl-malate at 20 g/hd/d with UTS as a roughage could improv rumen ecology and microbial protein synthesis efficiency in lactating dairy cows.