• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.679-689
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• 1997

Nutrition label (NL) on the package of processed food provides consumers with a reliable and consistent source of information . It has been considered as a useful aid for food selection and a potent educational tool for nutrition in daily life. Since current nutrition labeling regulation in Korea does not define a format for presenting nutrition information a wide variety of NL format exists in the markers created by individual manufacturers. Development of standard NL format and its registration remain to be the work for the professionals and government officials. However the acceptance and evaluation of NL by the consumers is a very important and necessary process in the development of NL formats. In this study four different formats A, B, C, D were formulated based on currently circulating labels and new U.S.NL. Subjects used for evaluation of these formats were middle -aged highly educated housewives, who and the potential users of NL. Major parameters observed through the questionnare were their nutritional knowledge of RDA, ability of IC(Information Comparison) and CA (Comprehension and Application of informed nutrient contents), as well as their preference to the different formats. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Of the 178 subjects , 89.9% of the middleaged housewives were college graduates. Their nutrition knowledge of RDA were relatively satisfactory showing over 80% correlation on the basic concepts and unit while for numerical value less than 50% correct answer. 2) IC test scores were significantly different among the formats showing the highest values for format A and B which are presented as absolute value and % RDA, respectively. Format C presented as serving size(number of products) showed the lowest score. CA scores were also significantly different, though the increased load of information did not facilitate to increase the consumers comprehension. 3) RDA knowledge test scores and the scores of IA and CA were correlated in format A and D but not in format B and C suggesting % RDA presentation would be more acceptable to the less educated group. 4) For the preference in the aspects of easiness and time-saving format A was the best one then format D supporting the result of IC and CA test. The results of the present study indicate the most useful and preferred format is the simplest format presented as absolute value without RDA, . The secondly preferred format is the new NL format of the US with much information .

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1984

경남 마산시, 진해시, 창원시에 거주하고 있는 일부 유치원 아동중 단백질(蛋白質) 급원(給源) 식품(食品)을 기피(忌避)하는 103명(名)에 대(對)한 식이형성(食餌形成)과 그 요인을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) 남여비(男女比)는 1.2 : 1로서 남아(男兒)에 다소 높게 나타나고 생활(生活)은 중류(中流)이며 어머니의 학력은 고졸(高卒), 그리고 첫째 아이가 많았고 대부분 $2{\sim}3$형제의 핵가족(核家族)이였다. 2) 단백질(蛋白質) 급원식품(給源食品) 38개중 50%이상이 기피(忌避)하는 식품(食品)은 메주콩, 꽁치, 고등어, 멸치, 조개, 굴, 된장, 명태, 북어, 납세미, 미꾸라지, 도미, 민어, 조기, 곰국, 쇠간, 돼지고기, 칼치 등 18개 식품(食品)이였고 33%이상이 먹어보지 못한 식품(食品)은 쇠간, 쇠곱창, 쇠갈비, 뱀장어. 미꾸라지 등을 들고 있었다. 3) 기피(忌避) 이유(理由)는 맛이 좋지 않아서가 43.7%로 가장 많았고 독특한 냄새가 싫어서가 29.1%를 나타내었고 어머니의 생각으로는 몸에 좋다고 억지로 먹이려한 것이 가장 큰 원인으로 (30.1%) 보고 있었고 다음이 가족이나 친구의 영향 (29.1%) 으로 보고 있었다. 4)이의 교정을 위하여 아동은 맛있고 예쁘고 골고루 해주기를 원했고 어머니들은 이에 관한 구체적인 영양교육 실시를 원하고 있었다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2012

편평태선은 피부와 점막에 발생하는 만성 염증성 질환으로써 신체 여러 부위에 침범하여 매우 다양한 임상소견을 나타낸다. 아직 정확한 원인은 밝혀지지 않았으나 피부나 점막에서 유도된 항원변화에 대한 상피와 결체조직 사이의 세포매개성 면역반응에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다. 중년 여성에서 호발하고, 증상의 악화와 완화가 번갈아 일어나는 것이 이 질환의 특징으로, 정신적 스트레스, 유전적 요인, 환경적 요인, 약물 등의 여러 요소가 증상의 악화에 관여하는 것으로 추정된다. 피부 편평태선 환자의 60-70%에서 구강 편평태선이 동반되고, 구강 편평태선 환자의 2/3 가량이 단독병소로써 나타난다. 이번 연구에서는 정서적 스트레스가 구강 편평태선을 악화시키는데 있어 어떤 영향을 미치는지 평가하고자 한다. 임상검사 혹은 조직검사 결과 구강 편평태선으로 진단된 환자 30명과 치과대학 학생들의 부모들 중 구강 편평태선의 증상 및 병력이 없는 30명을 대상으로 하였다. 스트레스 상황의 평가를 위해서는 한국적 문화에 맞게 적절하게 변형한 Holmes와 Rahe의 사회적 재적응 평정척도 설문지(SRRS)를 이용하였다. 분석결과 구강 편평태선 환자들이 대조군에 비해 최근 1년 동안 더 많은 수의 스트레스성 사건들을 경험한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2010

구강작열감증후군은 임상적 증상이나 검사실 소견없이 구강점막에 나타나는 작열감을 말하며 중년이후 폐경기 여성에게 높은 발생율을 보인다. 구강작열감증후군에서 보여지는 통증은 자발적이며 뚜렷한 악화요인을 보이고 있지 않다. 통증 유발과 관련해서 치과적 술식, 최근의 질환, 투약(항생제 요법)등을 포함하고 있으며, 작열감이 한 번 시작되면 수년간 지속된다. 대부분의 구강작열감 환자는 국소적 또는 전신적 요인을 가지고 있으며, 구강작열감증후군은 신경병리학적 활성화에서 기원되는 만성구강증상으로 고려할 수 있으며, 정신학적 원인에 대한 역할은 아직은 명확하지 않다. 구강작열감의 신경학적 측면에 대하여 연구가 증가하고 있고 이런 연구는 구강작열감에 중추신경계, 말초신경계가 관여함을 제시하고 있다. 그 중에 하나로 대두 되고 있는 것이 미각에서의 이상이 존재한다는 것이다. 구강작열감증후군에서 supertaster의 존재에 대해 언급하고 있으며, 이는 미각과 유해수용성 기전에 상호작용함을 제시하고 있다. 즉 중추신경계에서 미각과 구강 통증 감각이 연결되어 있고 이것은 구강작열감증후군에서 고삭신경, 설인신경수준에서 미각체계 변형에 의한 말초신경계와 중추신경계가 같이 상호 작용하여 구강작열감증후군을 발생시킴을 보여준다. 이에 본 저자는 만성구강통증으로 여겨지는 구강작열감증후군을 유발하는 요인과 병태 생리를 고찰하여 환자의 진단과 원인 지향적인 치료에 도움을 주고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2009

Objectives : This study evaluated the effectiveness of school-based mental health screening and treatment linkage programs, focusing on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adolescent depression. Methods : All 11,158 children and adolescents aged 8-14 years in Seoul received a school-based mental health screening, consisting of the Korean versions of the ADHD rating scale and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), for ADHD, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-DS) and the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Junior (SIQ-JR), for depression. The high-risk children's and adolescents' diagnoses were confirmed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-IV). Treatment linkage programs were managed by the Seoul Metropolitan Community Mental Health Center (Program 1), the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (Program 2), or the Dongjak District Office of Education (Program 3). We estimated and compared the referral rates of the three programs. Results : Program 1 screened and referred 22.9% of ADHD youths to mental health services, Program 2, 68.8%, and Program 3, 40.0%. Program 1 screened and referred 22.8% of depressed youths to mental health services, Program 2, 53.8%, and Program 3, 88.9%. Key elements for successful screening and referral programs were an effective school/community mental health center/Office of Education network, the parents' financial support and perception of their child's mental health status as being problematic, and the teachers' active engagement. Conclusion : This is the first study investigating the effectiveness of school-based mental health screenings' linkage to treatment for primary and middle school students in Korea. An effective network for community mental health and improvements in parents' and teachers' perceptions regarding mental health are needed for more successful treatment linkage.

• 아동학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.63-81
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• 1982

The purpose of this study is to relate social behaviors and child-rearing practices to the popularity of preschool children in Korea. Specifically, four major questions were raised and studied First, the relationship between a child's popularity and his/her social behaviors was examined. Second, this relationship was explored as a function of the child's sex. Third, the relationship between a child's popularity and maternal childrearing practices was investigated. Fourth, this relationship was explored as a function of the child's sex. The subjects of this study were 113 middle class preschool aged children and their mothers. Sociometric choices and peer-perceived social behaviors were obtained from these children using Moore's (1973) Sociometric Status Test. Mothers of these children described their childrearing practices in a Q-sort format of Child-Rearing Practices Report (CRPR) developed by Block (1965). The analyses of the data using Kendall's Tau Correlation Coefficient bore the following results: 1. Patterns of social behaviors shown by either popular or unpopular children were distinct; Popular children were friendly and conformative, while unpopular children were aggressive, non-conformative and independent. 2. Patterns of social behaviors in relation to the popularity and the unpopularity differed as a function of the child's sex; Popular boys tended to be active while popular girls were likely to be unaggressive, independent and not-teasing. Unpopular boys showed a great amount of discipline their daughters by means of non-punitive punishment and to express negative reaction to the sibling rivalry among their children. These mothers tended not to enjoy their 3. Certain patterns of maternal child-rearing practices tended to be related to the popularity status of the child; The mothers of popular children as compared to those of unpopular children enjoyed their roles as mothers and didn't use non-punitive punishment. 4. Patterns of maternal child-rearing practices in relation to the child's popularity and unpopularity differed as a function of the child's sex; The mothers of popular boys unlike those of popular girls tended to emphasize on their sons' achievement and perceived that their husbands were greatly involved with their sons. The mothers of unpopular boys appeared to show negative affection toward their sons. The mothers of unpopular girls were likely to displine their daughters by means of non-punitive punishment and to express negative reaction to the sibling rivalry among their children. These mothers tended not to enjoy their roles as mothers and did not believe that their daughters would behave as they should.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2014

본 연구는 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 2010년 한국의료패널조사 자료를 이용하였으며, 설문에 응답한 응답자 중 심뇌혈관질환자 770명을 대상자로 하였다. 분석대상자의 의료이용 현황을 파악하기 위하여 기술통계를 실시하였으며, 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위하여 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령, 교육수준, 가구소득수준, 동반상병지수(CCI), 고위험음주 유무, 비만 유무로 나타났다. 연령별로는 60-69세, 교육수준별로는 고등학교 이상, 가구소득수준별로는 중위수 이상, 동반상병지수(CCI)가 높을수록, 고위험 음주 무, 비만인 환자가 정기적으로 의료를 이용할 확률이 높게 나타났다. 이는 정기적 의료이용이 낮은 중위수 미만 환자와 고위험 음주 유인 환자 등 문제의 원인과 대상에 맞는 구체적인 관리방안을 모색하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과들은 향후 보건의료정책 수립에 기초 자료로 의미 있게 활용되어질 수 있으리라 여겨진다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2012

The graying of populations is emerging as an international issue around the world, and this is a problem that is rapidly advancing in Korea as well, signaling the need for financial preparations for the aged. For this purpose, various retirement pension systems are being employed as preparatory measures for the nation's elderly. Using data from 1474 people in the 2007 panel study of National Security for the Retired, the present work attempts to look at satisfaction rates with regard to public pension receipts for the national pension and special occupational pensions according to general characteristics and factors related to the preparation for an aging society. Satisfaction with retirement pension receipts according to the type of pension was high for special occupation retirement pensions, individual retirement pensions and the national retirement pension, in that order. Looking at satisfaction rates based on the general characteristics of pension recipients, the study revealed that for the national pension, satisfaction was highest for groups with above-average physical and psychological health, groups who think appropriate living expenses for the elderly are lower, groups in which a partner also earns income, and groups who had amply prepared for their expected living expenses in later life. Regarding special occupation retirement pensions, satisfaction was high for groups over the age of 70, groups with good psychological health, and groups sufficiently prepared for their living expenses in later expenses, compared to groups for which these factors did not apply. In terms of the relative influences impacting retirement pension recipient satisfaction, satisfaction with the national pension was highest when the primary source to cover elderly living expenses was a resource other than income earned by the recipient and their partner and/or income received from children. Concerning special occupation retirement pensions, satisfaction was highest among those whose education terminated before middle school, and for those in good physical health. Based on the above results, it is vital that plans exist for preparing sufficiently for the living expenses of the elderly and for facilitating the physical and psychological health of pension recipients. Plans are also necessary to, ensure that citizens are provided with easily accessible educational programs and activities regarding general installment savings and deposits, stocks and bonds, real estate investments, individual retirement pensions, private insurance, severance pay pensions, and public pensions.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.797-804
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• 2009

테두리 보에 의한 휨강성이 확보되지 않은 철근콘크리트 플랫 플레이트의 구조설계는 강도 조건 뿐만 아니라 사용성에 의하여 지배받을 수 있다. 특히, 조기 재령 슬래브의 과하중 작용 및 균열 발생은 시공 중인 플랫 플레이트의 처짐을 크게 증가시키므로, 시공 순서 및 슬래브 처짐에 대한 영향은 플랫 플레이트 시스템 설계의 주요한 요소가 될 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 시공 순서 및 콘크리트 균열 효과를 고려한 슬래브 처짐 산정 과정을 제안한다. 시공단계 및 시공하중이 간편법에 의하여 정의되고, 각 시공단계별로 슬래브 모멘트 및 탄성 처짐, 유효단면2차모멘트가 계산된다. 주열대와 중간대에서의 탄성 처짐은 유효단면2차모멘트 효과에 의해 비탄성 처짐으로 증폭되며, 슬래브 중앙부 처짐은 교차보법에 의하여 산정된다. 제안된 방법은 기존 실험 결과 및 비선형 해석 결과와의 비교를 통하여 검증된다. 또한, 제안법의 적용을 통하여, 시공 중인 플랫 플레이트의 처짐에 대한 시공주기 및 동바리 지지 층 수의 영향이 분석된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.399-413
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• 1990

This descriptive study was under taken to explore relationships among the quality of life, health locus of control and perceived state of health persons with cancer to contribute theoretical understanding about these phenomenon of interest to the quality of nursing care. The subjects of this were 200 persons with cancer (100- in patients and 100- out patients), both male and female, between 30 and 59 years of age. Data were obtained using a convenience sample technique from two university hospitals in seoul from August, 1989, to June, 1990. The instruments used for this study were the Quality of life scale developed by Ro, You - Ja and the Health Locus of Control scale developed by Wallston & Wallston. Data were analyzed using a SAS program for ANOVA, t-test, Schefffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. The scores on the quality of life scale ranged from 95 to 191 with as mean of 147.85(range 47 to 235). The Mean scores(range 1-5) on the different dimensions were family relationships 3.50, relationships with neighbours 3.48, self - esteem 3.17, physical state and function 2.99, economic life 2.93 and emotional life 2.91. 2. Significantly higher scores on the quality of life and demographic characteristics were as follows : the quality of life for women(t＝2.80, p＝ .006), for those without complications(t＝2.54, p＝ .013), and for those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝4.85, p＝ .009). Higher scores on quality of life were correlated with the following : 1) emotional state and the age group 50-59(F＝3.43, p＝ .34). 2) economic life and higher income(F＝6.72, p＝ .002), those without complications(t＝2.68, p＝ .00), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝3.11, p＝ .05). 3) self-esteem and marriage(F＝3.64, p＝.028), those without complications(t＝2.18, p＝.03), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝7.72, p＝.000). 4) physical state and funciton and the age group 30-39(F＝4.65, p＝.010), those without complications (t＝2.00, p＝.05), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝3.38, p＝.04). 5) family relationship and those who live with their spouse(t＝2.82, p＝.005). 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the subjects perceptions of their current state of health and the quality of life score(r＝.4364, p＝.0001). 4. There was no relationship between Locus of control and quality of life in this sample. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that: 1) the perception of current health status was the main predictor and accounted for 20.11% of the total variance. 2) sex and educational level accounted for an additional 21.71% of the total variance. 6. The quality of life and the perception of their current health status of these patients with cancer were generally lower than those of healthy adults as noted in previous studies. In conclusion, the quality of life for these cancer patients was generally low especially in regard to their emotional state. The current perceived state of health, sex, complications and perceived degree of illness were important variables relatiog to quality of life.