• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.294-303
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• 2010

Various types of health functional foods (HFF) are popularly used among middle-aged. We surveyed 946 middle-aged in Korea for HFF use and significant variables for their HFF use including demographic characteristics, health related variables and nutritional beliefs. The use prevalence of HFF was 58.9%, and among all types of HFF, red ginseng products were taken most frequently, followed by nutritional supplements, ginseng products > mushroom products. HFF was taken more frequently in subjects from high monthly family income (p < .001), and in those from families with a high socioeconomic status (p < .001) in comparison to each corresponding group. Mean age of users was higher than nonusers (p < .001). Self concern about health (p < .001) and usage ratio of HFF by family (p < .001) were higher in users than in nonusers of HFF. Total dietary assessment score was not different in two groups, and users had a more positive view concerning the potential health benefit of HFF than nonusers (p < .001). Most users of HFF took HFF when they were healthy (52.8%) and experienced a little effect through the HFF use (51.2%). Most users of HFF obtained the information on HFF through family and relatives (30.5%) and most of them purchased HFF at pharmacy or oriental medicine clinics (44.5%). HFF users preferred multivitamin and Ca-supplements most among the vitamin mineral supplements belonged to HFF. Given the widespread use of HFF and inappropriate usage of HFF among subjects, the proper use of these products for the contribution to their optimal nutrition and overall health is a subject that should be formed through practical nutrition education considering the various variables affecting their HFF use.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.373-383
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify menopausal resilience in middle-aged women. The data were collected from 227 middle-aged women who participated in friendship and religious activities in the Jeonbuk province. The data were collected through self-report questionnaires, which were constructed to Self-efficacy, family support, social support, menopausal adaptation, resilience. Data were analyzed using frequencies, means, $X^2$_Test, pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23. Regular exercise(${\beta}=-.15$, p<.01), self-efficacy(${\beta}=.29$, p=<.001), social support(${\beta}=.29$, p=<.001), menopausal Adaptation(${\beta}=.17$, p<.01) were influencing factors and these variables showed an explanatory power of 35.3% (F=18.65, p<.001). Therefore, it is suggested that middle-aged women in menopause can plan to overcome the menopausal crisis positively through nursing interventions that include self-efficacy and social support.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.95-117
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of anxiety about economic change in middle-aged and elderly people and to analyze the factors that influence this anxiety. The data, derived from Korean General Social Survey(KGSS) were collected from Survey Research Center of Sung Kyun Kwan University. The samples included 821 people over the age of 40, including 529 middle-aged people who were from 40 to 59, and elderly people who were over 60. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the research model. The findings from the analysis showed that age and subjective economic status had crucial effects on the entire group's anxiety about unemployment and poverty, housing prices, financial markets, and economic recession in the older life. For the middle-aged group, age in particular had crucial effects on all the components of its anxiety about economic change. For the elderly group, geographical region was the most critical factor that affected its anxiety about economic change, the elderly people who were living in metropolitan area and towns had more anxiety than those who were living in rural areas. In particular, region was the only factor that affected the elderly group's anxiety about financial markets, and economic recession. These results showed that specific age of middle-aged and elderly people had the crucial effects while their sex, educational level, and the employment status of their spouse had no effects on their anxiety about economic change. Objective economic indices such as their earned-income and other income including savings and pensions had no effects on their anxiety level. While as noted above subjective economic indices such as their standard of living compared with their parents, projected economic status, and level of socio-economic success had an effect on anxiety about economic change.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.56
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• pp.39-68
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• 2017

This study aimed to explore the life experiences of middle-aged and older women with disabilities using the photovoice method. Six middle-aged and older women with physical disabilities or brain lesions selected four themes through group discussion and shared their experiences using photos they took that reflect the four themes: my worsening health and the way I manage my health (identifying red flags for ill health, trying to coping with poor health), my leisure life (my limited leisure activities, enjoying my own leisure time), my social participation (participating in social activities that give me pleasure, participating in social activities to help make a better society), and my later life (worryingabout financial hardships and being alone in my later life, hoping for happiness in my later life). Study findings indicate the value of services and policies for middle-aged and older women with disabilities that provide guidance for health management and psychological counseling, extend opportunities for leisure and community participation, and provide skill training and educational programs for promoting financial and emotional independence in later life.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.133-144
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the social networks and its relationship with the psychological well-being of middle-aged men. The participants were 314 men who were married living in Pusan, aged between 40 and 59, having occupation and children. Data were collected by questionnaire which consists of Social Networks Scale and Psychological Well-being Scale. The major results of the study were summarized as follows; First, the range of the social contact with men's own kin was wider than women's. In the contact frequency of midge-aged men, primary networks were shown more frequent contact than the secondary networks. In the characteristics of interactive function of social networks, kinship of the middle- aged men, their partners and friendship networks were the most important among the six networks, which agrees the fact that kin are still the primary source of social support. Second, the level of psychological well-being was lower than family-related satisfaction and work-related satisfaction. In the work-related satisfaction, the level of job satisfaction was lower than the other sub-categories. Psychological well-being of middle-aged men were affected by Social economic status as well.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.230-246
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of hardiness, knowledge of menopause, menopausal management of the middle aged women to identify the variables that show differences in the hardiness, knowledge of menopause and menopausal management of middle aged women and to investigate the relation ship among hardiness, menopausal knowledge and menopausal management of the middle aged women. The subjects were 132 middle-aged women and belonged to the age between 40 and 60. They were selected in Pusan, Korea. Data were collected from Oct. to Nov., 1998 by means of a structured questionnaire. The instruments used for this were the hardiness scale developed by Song In Sook and Song Ae Ri and the menopausal management scale developed by Song Ae Ri. The results were as follows 1. The mean score of hardiness was 2.83, in minimum score 1.24 tomaximun score 5.04. The mean score of knowledge of menopausal was 0.68, in minimum score 0.21 to maximum score 0.71. the mean score of menopausal management was 2.26, in minimum score 1.35 to maximum score 3.18. 2. In the relation between social demographic and hardiness there were significant differences in the health condition, income, supportive person. In relation between social demographic and menopausal knowledge there were significant differences in the health condition, family members. In the menopausal management there was significant differences in the marital state. 3. There was significant correlation between the hardiness and menopausal management of middle aged women (r=-0.208, p=0.017). 4. There was not significant correlation between the knowledge of menopause and menopausal management (r=0.001, p=0.992). These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategy to improve the power of hardiness in middle aged women. hardiness is important to improve the menopausal management of middle aged women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.273-281
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nursing programs to reduce fatigue among middle-aged adults by looking at age group differences. Method: The study used a secondary analysis design and participants were 315 middle-aged adults. The data was analyzed using $x^2$-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The findings revealed significant age group differences in socio-demographic variables for educational level, job, religion, economic status, consumption of cigarettes, experience with disease, satisfaction with spouse and children, and number of children. Scores of fatigue showed a significant difference between age groups. The factors influencing fatigue for subjects in their thirties were depression, level of education and self-efficacy. For those in their forties, factors were stress, depression, and self-efficacy. For those in their fifties, the factor was stress. Conclusion: For people in their thirties, school education or lifelong learning programs are needed to reduce fatigue. A disease prevention program and a family support program for people in their forties and fifties. Nurses need to provide customized nursing programs related to depression, stress and self-efficacy to reduce fatigue among middle-aged adults based on age groups.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.689-703
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among 'leisure constraints', 'leisure sufficiency' and 'life satisfaction' perceived by late middle-aged adults. The subjects of this research were 275 adults from 50 to 64. The results are as follows: 1) Among 5 categories of 'leisure constraints', the subjects perceive' financial constraints' as the most important, and in order of importance, 'social constraints', 'physical constraints', and 'familial constraints' followed. 2) Among five 'leisure activities', a factor perceived most sufficiently by middle-aged adults is 'simple relaxation' and followed by 'social activities', 'activities with family'. 'learning activities', and 'play-recreation activities'. 3) The factors influencing life satisfaction perceived by late-middle aged adults are 'religion', 'financial constraints', 'education', 'familial constraints', 'physical constraints', 'learning activities', and 'play-recreation activities'. These 7 factors explain 38.9% of total variation. Also, the 'leisure constraints' has a greater impact on their 'life satisfaction' than on their 'leisure sufficiency'.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.49-56
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for reducing daily stress and depression and improving happiness in middle-aged women by verifying the effect of daily stress on happiness and the mediating effect of depression. For the analysis, the 8th survey of the Women's Family Panel surveyed by the Korea Women's Policy Institute was used. For the sample, SPSS WIN 25.0 was used for 1,673 married middle-aged women aged 55 to 64. As for the analysis method, frequency, technical statistics, and correlation analysis were performed, and the mediating effect of depression was verified through Baron & Kenny's analysis method. The main analysis results are as follows. First, the stress daily of middle-aged women had a negative (-) effect on happiness. Second, Depression was partially mediated in the relationship between daily stress and happiness in middle-aged women. Based on these results, it is significant in that it presents practical and policy measures and programs that can improve middle-aged women's happiness and lead to old age.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.197-210
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study was to explore the effects of differentiation, emotion over involvement(expressed emotion), and criticism between middle-or-old aged parent and child, by relation of emotional system, on child's psychological depression. The subject of this study were m premarital adult children over 30 years old. The major findings of this study were as follows. First. it was found that mother-child differentiation was more perceptive than that of father-child. With psychological depression, expressed emotion within family and criticism were shown average score that was lower than middle score. Second, among demographic characteristics, there are significant differences premarital adult children's sex, education, income, family type, father's education, and parents' marital status. Third, as the result of regression analysis, the higher level of psychological depression when the lower differentiation between parent-child, the higher expressed emotion over involvement within family and criticism. Based on the findings in this study, the relation of emotional system is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the therapeutic intervention and relation improvement program when individual and family counseling about parent-child are going on.