• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.106-141
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• 2021

This study was conducted for the purpose of empirically analyzing the effects of adolescents' relationships with major adults as protective factors for smartphone addiction. Specifically, the study compared the discriminatory effects of adolescents' relationships with their parents, school teachers, and educational institute teachers on smartphone addiction among elementary, middle, and high school students in Korea. Analyzing the data of the 2019 Korean Children & Youth Happiness Index (N=7,454), it was found that relationships with adults were significant factors in explaining the level of smartphone addiction even after controlling for the influences of adolescents' demographics, usage time, and friendship factors. For elementary school students, good relationships with their mothers and school teachers decreased the risk of smartphone addiction. On the other hand, in the case of middle school students, only a good relationship with father functioned as a protective factor. Good relationships with their fathers and institute teachers decreased the level of high school students' smartphone addiction. Based on these findings, this study discussed on the development of programs and policies for prevention and intervention of adolescents' smartphone addiction and provided suggestions for follow-up research in the future.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.175-184
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is that the Van Hiele theory can be applied to even vocational high school students. Through the comparison of Van Hiele level distribution of middle school students and high school students, it is that the aims of this study is to study the geomatric level of vocational high school students and to analize them, even so it can be to find for them the effective method of Geomatric education The subject of study is three kinds of vocational high school - commercial high school, industrial high school, fisheries high school - boys (240), girls (120) in Boryeong city, Chungchong Nam Do. We referred to Kim Mi-cheong′ thesis(1994) and Cheong Yean-sok′s thesis(1992) and compared my result with them. The method and the process of the study were based on the th method of CDASSG project. And we used Van Hiele Level Test as an instrument of measurement. We got the following conclusion as the result of the study 1. The 86％ of the subject of the study was applied to the theory of Van Hiele - "Any students can reach level n just through level n-1." Even so the propriety of the theory proved to be from this study again. 2. The 88% of the subject of the study is applicable to below level 2. So if the proof is introduced to them in the class, it was very difficult for them to understand it. 3. The geometric level of vocational high school students is the same as the second grade of middle school. But we think to be desirable that a basic concept puts first in importance through recomposed teaching materials, because 68% of the students is seldom changed at level 1.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to underline the important role of needs for multicultural education in the formation of middle and high school students' cultural sensitivity for the sake of coping multicultural society. This study focuses on how adolescents' multicultural society recognition and education experiences shape and influence their cultural sensitivity, with the mediating role of multicultural education needs perception. A survey 303 middle school students and 236 high school students Daejeon was conducted. The results of this study as follows. First, high school students' open minded and social participation were significantly higher than those of middle school students, while the latter multicultural education experience level was higher than the former. Second, it was found that multicultural society recognition and education experiences have an indirect impact on cultural sensitivity mediating multicultural education needs perception as well as have a direct effect. However, adolescents' cultural sensitivity was shaped by mediating role of multicultural education needs perception rather than by direct effect of multicultural society recognition and education experiences. A major contribution of this research is the identification of the role of multicultural education needs perception in fostering adolescents' cultural sensitivity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.82-91
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to identify gender-based differences in factors related to smartphone overdependence among middle school students. Methods: The subjects of the study were middle school students who participated in the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2020). Frequency analysis, the Rao-Scott χ² test, and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS 27.0. Results: Identified risk factors were grade level, self-reported health, self-reported happiness, loneliness, smoking, drinking, poor sleep quality, physical activity, and generalized anxiety disorder, which were commonly found in all participants. Additionally, stress was found related only in boys, while the residential area and depression showed associations only in girls. In particular, the more severe was the level of generalized anxiety disorder, the higher was the risk ratio of the high-risk group, compared to the potential-risk group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, a customized strategy that considers gender differences should be developed in order to prevent smartphone overdependence in middle school students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to identify the conceptions of middle school and high school students about visible light, Ultra violet(UV) and Infrared ray(IR). We administered questionnaire 40 people of middle school 3rd students and 43 people of high school 2nd students in Gyeonggi-do. Misconceptions about visible light, UV and Ir were observed in many students. The results of study are as follows: Firstly, Many students think that it is possible to see objects without visible light. The explanations given by students for the visiblity of objects in darkness indicates a heavy reliance on personal experiences. Secondly, we have confirmed that high school students well understand the fact that the object reflects the light. However, a significant number of students exhibited an eye-centered perspective of vision. Thirdly, students had a variety of ideas about the meaning of the term UV and IR. Analysis of questionnaire data indicates that many students believe that it is possible to see objects in the presence of UV light alone.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

To evaluate the status of the contact to lascivious computer programs and sexual attitude and behaviour by the grades of middle school boy students, the questionnaire survey was done on 715 students of five middle schools in Pusan and Kimhae area from December 15 to December 24, 1997. The data were analyzed by PC SAS; $X^2$ -test. The level of significance was 0.05. 404 students (56.5%) had a personal computer in their home. 516 students(72.2%) have experienced of using a computer program. 294(57%) of them usually played a game with computer. 514 students(71.9%) had experiences of the contact to a lascivious computer program, which increased with the grades of the students(p〈0.05). The first exposure to a lascivious program was when they were elementary school students in 24.6% of first grade middle school student, 13.8% of second grade, and 11.3% of 3rd grade students. 92% of the students was introduced to first contact through their friends. 63.7% of them watch the program at their friends home. The most common drives to contact to a lascivious programs were curiosity (53%). Sexual desire was a higher drive in third grade students (20.6%) than lower grades. After contacting to a computer lascivious program, desire of masterbation was more frequent in lower grade students. and feeling disgust was more frequent in higher grade students (p〈0.05). Frequence of masterbation or sexual intercourse was higher in high grade students(p〈0.05) In conclusion, distribution and popular use of computer attributes to the increased exposure to lascivious programs and lowering the age of first exposure. There was the difference according to the grades in the feeling and sexual behaviour after contacting to computer lascivious program. Appropriate methods to protect young students to contact a lascivious program should be sought. The use of computer should be educated in elementary school students accompanied by proper sex education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2008

Purpose : To investigate major characteristics influencing on adolescent smoking in Korea. Method : The subjects were 431 students (298 male and 133 female) enrolled in the non smoking program at Seoul School Health Promotion Center from March 2006 to February 2007. The survey was done about motivation of smoking, the way of getting cigarettes and frequency, chi-square test, and t-test by SAS package 8.1 were used to analyze the data. Result : Total 431 subjects were composed of 49.2% middle school students, 50.8% high school students. The middle school students who smoke 1 to less than 10 cigarettes per day were 56.1% and 10 to less than 20 cigarettes per day 26.7%, while high school students were 46.8% and 44.1%. 73.1% of male, and 76.9% of female students selected the cigarettes depending on taste and fragrance. The places of buying cigarettes were supermarkets 67%, convenience stores 19.4%, small stores 11.8%. A high percentage of students answered they did not have to show ID when they bought cigarettes(“rarely checked the ID” 25.2% of male and 30.8% of female, ”did not checked at all” was 10.9% male and 9.6% female). The ratio of spending money on buying cigarettes was 38.8% and 35.6% in male and female middle school, and 37.9% and 27.2% in male and female high school. Conclusion : Findings of this study suggests the constituting of strong social regulations to protect youth from smoking.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.132-146
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• 2015

To develop tailored elementary, middle, and high school textbooks suitable for understanding the nuclear energy and radiation, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out in parallel, which included nine steps to ensure the validity of content and structure. The elementary, middle, and high school students wanted to acquire information used in their daily lives, including the definition of nuclear energy and radiation, principles and status of nuclear power generation, and information about irradiated food, medical radiation, and radiation in life. In the evaluation of the effects of textbook contents according to the educational requirements of each school level, high suitability frequencies (>80%) were shown for the human character, education goals, curriculum goals, evaluation method, and education time. At some levels, the high suitability frequencies (>70%) were shown for the education grade, education type, and textbook type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.128-138
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to identify the effects of body satisfaction and self-esteem on the make-up degree of middle and high school girls. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 432 students. The results were as follows: 1) Most of middle and high school girls were in height of 161-165cm and weight of 56-60kg. Satisfaction level of middle and high school girls with their eyes was the highest and that of weight was the lowest. They showed strong intention to modify their appearances and were dissatisfied with their body. 2) Middle and high school girls' satisfaction level of home life self-esteem was the highest, but that of school life was the lowest. 3) Middle and high school girls used cosmetics to protect their skins and paid much attention to their skins. They collected cosmetics informations from their friends or family members, and began to use point make-ups from their middle school years. They purchased cosmetics at cosmetic specialty store or internet shopping mall frequently. Most of them spent less than 10,000 won monthly for cosmetics, and used lip gloss and ultraviolet rays interceptors over their face with basic cosmetics. 4) Expenditures for cosmetics, self-esteem on their appearances, and pocket money affected on make-up degree. Middle and high school girls who spent more money for cosmetics and more pocket money with higher self~esteem on their appearances showed higher degree of make-ups.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.345-358
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• 2022

This study examined the moderated mediating impact of entrapment and emotional support from peers in the relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation among middle-school students. The participants consisted of 214 middle-school students in the first to third grades from four middle schools located in Seoul, Gyeong-gi, Chun-cheon, and Jeonnam. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and the Process Macro Model versions 4, 1, and 14. The results of this study were as follows. First, academic stress did not directly influence suicidal ideation; however, entrapment mediated the relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation. Second, emotional support from peers moderated the mediating effect of entrapment in the aforementioned relationship. This means that if students perceived emotional support from peers, then academic stress had a smaller impact on suicidal ideation through entrapment. These findings highlight the importance of decreasing levels of academic stress and entrapment to prevent suicidal ideation among middle-school students. They also suggest that enhancing students' emotional support networks with their peers could be an effective way of reducing suicidal ideation when students feel high levels of entrapment and academic stress.