• 대기
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2012

This study investigates the relationship between the Korean temperature and the atmospheric circulation such as Arctic Oscillation, Siberian High and Aleutian Low during the winter (December-January) for the period of 1970-2011. It is found that all indices to represent aforementioned circulations are significantly correlated with Korean winter temperature for the period of 1970 - 2011. There are marked contrasts in such relationship, however, before and after the mid-1980s when a significant regime shift of Korean winter temperature occurred. While Korean winter temperature has a close relationship with Arctic Oscillation after the mid-1980s, its relationship with Siberian High and Aleutian Low is weakened. The composite analysis between a positive and negative phase of Arctic Oscillation before and after the mid-1980s is conducted to examine a recent strengthening of Arctic Oscillation-Korean winter temperature relationship. It is found that the structural changes of low-level wind and the geopotential height at 500 hPa between the two phases of Arctic Oscillation are more effective to influence Korean winter temperature after the mid-1980s. This may induce a close relationship between the Korean winter temperature variability and Arctic Oscillation after the mid-1980s compared to before the mid-1980s.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.171-184
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• 2011

This paper is purposed to clarify that an increase of the matter of concern about men's fashion in the mid-1980s was coincided with rapid change of images for men and diversification within the context of economy, society, culture and to analyze the characteristic of each fashion and the meaning. Findings are as follows: 'New men' played a key role creating and communicating the new male image through the media, as a new masculine appeared in the middle of 1980s. Especially it was spreaded into with British as a center between the generations of young men described as a white-collar worker about the ages from 18 to 35 specifically and appeared by the cultural background in accordance with the spread of consumerism, materialism and post modern feminism and the development of men's fashion. There were 2 types of fashion styles for 'New men' image on the media in the mid-1980s. The First is 'power suit look style' which is self-conscious, including 'corporate formal suit look' and 'soft & sexy suit look'. The Second is 'extravagant body conscious style' which characterize the decolletage and androgynous, including 'tough sports look' and 'sexy skirt look'. Lastly, the 'New men' image means a man as a visible object and a man in the image world.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.200-210
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• 2009

The modern era of water quality modeling in the United States began in the 1960s. Pushed by advances in computer technology as well as environmental sciences, water quality modeling evolved through five broad periods: (1) initial model development with mainframe computers (1960s - mid 1970s), (2) model refinement and generalization with minicomputers (mid 1970s - mid 1980s), (3) model standardization and support with microcomputers (mid 1980s - mid 1990s), (4) better model access and performance with faster desktop computers running Windows and local area networks linked to the Internet (mid 1990s - early 2000s), and (5) model integration and widespread use of the Internet (early 2000s - present). Improved computer technology continues to drive improvements in water quality models, including more detailed environmental analysis (spatially and temporally), better user interfaces and GIS software, more accessibility to environmental data from on-line repositories, and more robust modeling frameworks linking hydrodynamics, water quality, watershed and atmospheric models. Driven by regulatory needs and advancing technology, water quality modeling will continue to improve to better address more complicated water bodies and pollutant types, and more complicated management questions. This manuscript describes historical trends in water quality model development in the United States, reviews current efforts, and projects promising future directions.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.93-107
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• 1998

본 논문의 목적은 여주 지역의 특성이 경제기반의 변화에 따라 어떻게 달라져 가는지를 밝히려는 것이다. 조선시대부터 산업화의 영향이 적었던 1960년대 중반 이전까지 여주 지역은 비교적 유리한 자연적 조건과 교통로의 역할을 담당했던 남한강을 이용하여 이름이 높은 미작지대였으며 상업적 기능도 활발하였다. 1960년대 중반 이후부터 1980년대 중반까지 여주 지역은 교통조건의 미비와 법에 의한 개발규제로 인해 낙후된 농촌 지역이었다. 1980년대 중반 이후부터는 도로 교통망이 획기적으로 발전되었고 법에 의한 개발 규제도 완화되었다. 여주 지역에서는 미작 지대의 특성이 계속 유지되면서 영농의 다각화와 상업화가 진행되고 있으며 제조업의 비중도 커지는 가운데 도자기 산업이 지역의 주요 경제기반으로 등장하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2021

This study described the fishing characteristics of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii and examined the relationship between its catch and sea temperature in Korean waters from 1970 to 2019. Although the herring catch in Korean waters stayed below 1,000 tons per year from the mid-1970s to mid-1980s, the catch in the winters in the East Sea of Korea started to increase markedly after 1987-1988, when the sea surface temperature (SST) seemed to shift to a warmer regime. Since the mid-2000s, overall, herring was caught throughout the year in the East Sea and eastern South Sea of Korea, and its catch significantly increased by around 30,000 tons per year. The main fishing grounds of herring in the poor fishing years until the mid-1980s were possibly formed in the western offshore of Korea, and subsequently the fishing grounds were distributed in the eastern coast of Korea. While the standardized catch per unit effort (CPUE) for two main fisheries of herring catch was significantly correlated with the herring catch since the 2000s, there was a gradual decline since the 2010s. The herring catch in the East Sea had significant positive correlations with SSTs, but that in the West Sea had a significant negative correlation.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2006

Long-term variability in the intermediate layer of the eastern Japan Basin has been investigated to understand the variability of water mass formation in the East Sea. The simultaneous decrease of temperature at shallower depths and oxygen increasing at deeper depths in the intermediate layer took place in the late 1960's sand the mid-1980's. Records of winter sea surface temperatures and air temperatures showed that there were cold winters that persisted for several years during those periods. Therefore, it was assumed that a large amount of newly-formed water was supplied to the intermediate layer during those cold winters. Close analysis suggests that the formation of the Upper Portion of Proper Water occurred in the late 1960's and the Central Water in the mid-1980's.

• 대기
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2004

A short review on TOTO (TOtable Tornado Observatory), one of the earliest in-situ observing systems for tornado, is provided. TOTO was outfitted with sensors for measuring wind, pressure and humidity, and storm researchers, in mid-1980's, tried to put it inside tornadoes for detailed studies on tornado, but failed. However, the accumulated knowledge and experience with TOTO lead to a successful field program in mid-1990's. A story about DOROTHY, a parody of TO TO in the movie "Twister!", is also provided.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2010

국내에서는 2000년대 초까지 3년 내지 5년 간격으로 주기적인 뉴캣슬병 대유행을 겪어왔다. 이 시기에 최소한 5개의 다른 유전자형의 뉴캣슬병 바이러스가 국내 뉴캣슬병 대유행과 관련이 있었다. 1970년대 이전엔 유전자형 III형, 1980년대 중반에 유전자형 V형, 1980년대 말에서 1990년대 초에는 유전자형 VI형, 1990년대 중반에 유전자형 VIIa형, 그리고 1990년대 말부터 2000년대 초에는 유전자형 VIId형이 관련되어 있었다. 최근 국내에서 유행한 뉴캣슬병 바이러스는 중국과 일본과 같은 인근국가와 지리적인 공통점을 보였다. 과거 유행했던 다른 유전자형과 마찬가지로, 유전자형 VIId형 또한 내장친화성 강독 뉴캣슬병 바이러스였다. 현재 사용 중인 백신주와 최근 유행하는 VIId형 바이러스간에 항원적 차이는 존재하지만, 시판 백신에 의한 방어 효능에는 문제가 없는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.147-158
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• 1999

This study focused on situational simularity of psychedelic expressed in the mid-1960s with culture including costume in the end of 20th century. So this study is composed of psychedelic concept and the comparision of temporal background and general characteristics of psychedelia in the 1960s and 1990s and relationship with Art-Nouveau which has originated psychedelia and psycheelic image including mysticism play illusionism and narcissism. The New psychedelic revival of the early 1980s came at a time when as in the mid-1960s the world's attentions were firmly focused on British youth. The same could be said of the mid-1990s when 'BriPop' once again has international appeal and the result has been a kind of New New Psychedelic revival with all manner of British youth styles from the 1960s blended together. The swirling patterns hallucinogenic colors and space-aged designs of the psychedelics have become a symbolic representation of cocktail of youth sex and optimism

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-39
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• 2002

본 연구는 우리나라의 대표적인 테마파크인 에버랜드를 사례로 급격한 관광수요 및 환경 변화에 대응하는 과정에서의 관광목적지 수명주기별 특성을 분석하였다. 에버랜드의 수명주기 단계는 일반적 지표(이용객수와 매출액)와 보조 지표(이용객수 속성과 이용객 유형)를 기준으로, 농원에서 위락공원으로의 변화가 진행된 초기개발기(1976${\sim}$1980년대 중반까지), 위락공원적 성격의 강화와 함께 테마파크로의 변화가 시작된 성장기(1980년대 중반${\sim}$1990년대 초반), 테마파크의 기반을 다졌으나 자원의 진부화가 진행되어 복합 테마파크화로의 변화를 계획한 성숙기(1990년대 초반${\sim}$1990년대 중반), 복합테마파크화의 실천 및 테마리조트파트로의 도약을 지향하는 재활성기(1990년대 중반이후)로 구분된다. 에버랜드는 새로운 시설 및 이벤트의 도입 또는 개선을 통하여 끊임없이 혁신을 행함으로써 현재 시장권도 서울중심에서 경기, 인천, 충북, 대전 등 전국으로 확대되고, 외국방문객도 급증하고 있다.