• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1295-1296
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• 2004

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1489-1495
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• 2010

A porous coordination solid of nickel(II) dihydroxyterephthalate has been synthesized by the microwave-assisted (MW) method. The synthesized nickel(II) dihyroxylterephthalate was designated by the general formula of [$Ni_2$(dhtp) $(H_2O)_2]{\cdot}8H_2O$ (where, dhtp = 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate, denoted by Ni-DHTP). The effect of microwave-irradiation temperature and time of irradiation on the porosity and morphological changes in the solids have also been investigated. The catalytic performance of Ni-DHTP synthesized by MW method has been studied in the oxidation of cyclohexene with aqueous $H_2O_2$, which gave cyclohexene oxide as the primary product and 2-cyclohexene-1-ol as a major product.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.1219-1222
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• 2010

A simple and efficient method has been developed for conversion of arenecarbaldehyde-3-methylquinoxalin-2-ylhydrazones to 3-(2-methylquinoxalin-3-yl)-2-(substitutedphenyl)thiazolidin-4-ones in good yields using microwave irradiation technique on silica as solid support under solvent free conditions. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental microanalysis, infrared spectroscopy, $^1H$ NMR, and mass spectroscopy. All the synthesized thiazolidinones were investigated for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The results of the biological activities revealed that the compounds 3b, 3d, 3f and 3h exhibited excellent antibacterial activities while 3d and 3h exhibited good antifungal activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.2341-2344
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• 2010

A convenient synthesis of substituted [1,2,4]-triazolo [1',2':1,2]pyrimido[6,5-b]-quinoline 4(a-i) from substituted 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde 1(a-i) and 4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 2 by using $SiO_2/K_2CO_3$ under microwave irradiation. This method affords the [1,2,4]-Triazolo [1',2':1,2]pyrimido[6,5-b]-quinoline 4(a-i) under the influence of microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions within short span (12 - 20 min), & gaves excellent yields (89 - 95%). All the synthesized compounds were further screened for their antibacterial activities. Some of our compounds showed excellent antibacterial activities against control drugs.

• 청정기술
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2015

PbMoO₄ 산화물을 수열합성법과 마이크로파 공정으로 합성하여 XRD, DRS, BET, Raman, SEM 및 PL 등에 의해 특성분석을 하였고, 자외선 조사 하에서 Rhodamine B의 광분해 반응에서의 활성을 조사하였다. XRD 및 Raman의 분석 결과로부터 대부분의 촉매들은 제조방법과 무관하게 잘 결정화된 PbMoO₄ 구조를 가지고 있었으며 42에서 59 nm의 크기를 나타내었다. 마이크로파 공정으로 제조된 PbMoO₄ 촉매는 통상적인 수열합성법으로 제조된 촉매에 비해 균일한 입자를 가지고 있으며, 높은 광분해 활성을 나타내었다. 마이크로파 주사 시간을 75분으로 제조한 PbMoO₄ 촉매가 가장 높은 광분해 활성을 나타내었다. 모든 촉매들은 530 nm 부근에서 강하고 넓은 PL 흡수밴드가 나타났으며, 이 피크의 세기가 커질수록 광분해 활성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2011

Stabilized biocompatible superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were prepared by controlled coprecipitation method for hyperthermia application. ESR measurements determined that all of the interactions in the individual SPIONs (1 nm and 11 nm) were antiferromagnetic in nature because the ions contributed to the magnetization with a range of magnetic moments. In-situ monitoring of the temperature increment was performed, showing that the microwave absorption rate of the SPIONs was dispersed in an appropriate host media (polar or non-polar solvents) during microwave irradiation. Microwave absorption energy rates and heat loss of SPIONs in solvent were calculated by non-linear data fitting with an energy balance equation. The microwave absorption rates of SPIONs dispersed in solvent linearly increases when the concentration of SPIONs increases, implying that the microwave absorption rate can be tunable by changing the concentration of SPIONs.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2007

Biological samples can be fixed either by chemical method by using chemical solution or physical methods by using heat treatment. The problem in traditional heat fixation is unsatisfactory quality due to uneven heat conduction in specimen and loss of inner cell contents. Chemical fixation method also bears several intrinsic problems like the limit in specimen size, time consumption in fixative impregnation, and loss of low molecular weight cell components. These factors deteriorate the quality of fixed specimen, thus limit the magnification and contrast of tissue pictures. Microwave heat has been reported to be a good alternative to current chemical methods to overcome these problem. In this study, we tried to introduce the microwave energy method to routine fixation work in hospital. We replaced chemical fixative with saline to provide moderate reaction condition, and used frozen section to reduce time for sample preparation. Temperature was measured at each experiment. The fixation of rat kidney tissue with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic wave and saline showed similar result to the control group fixed with traditional chemical method. Human tumor tissue fixed with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic in frozen section was improved in terms of histochemistry of PAS and immunohistochemistry of tumor marker like cytokeratin. Total turnaround time was reduced from $24\sim38$ h to to $2\sim4$ h. In conclusion, the quality of samples prepared by microwave heating method was at least as good as that of traditional method. If the condition for the fixation of different specimens is standardized, this new method could be applied to routine work in hospital, and could save working time as well.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.708-713
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• 2013

Graphene oxide has been synthesized by microwave-assisted exfoliation of graphite oxide prepared by modified Hummers method. Graphite was oxidized in a solution of $H_2O_2$ and $KMnO_4$ at $65{\sim}80^{\circ}C$, followed by 10 % $H_2O_2$ solution treatment at $80{\sim}90^{\circ}C$. The graphite oxide was exfoliated under microwave irradiation of 1 kW and was reduced to graphene effectively by hydrazine hydrate ($H_4N_2{\cdot}H_2O$) treatment. The exfoliation of graphene oxide was significantly affected by the microwave irradiation on (heating)/off (cooling) period. An on/off period of 10 s/20 s resulted in much more effective exfoliation than that of 5 s/10 s with the same total treatment time of 10 min. This can be explained by the higher exfoliation temperature of 10 s/20 s. Repetition of the graphite oxidation and exfoliation processes also enhanced the exfoliation of graphene oxide. The thickness of the final graphene products was estimated to be several layers. The D band peaks of the Raman spectra of the final graphene products were quite low, suggesting a high crystal quality.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 목재 곡가공에서 마이크로파 조사 열의 효과를 조사했다. 마이크로파로 조사된 시험편은 대철과 클램프를 이용하여 곡가공을 행했다. 시험을 위한 시험편, 소나무 (Pinus densiflora), 은 78시간 동안 물에 침지했다. 포화된 시험편은 1시간 동안 자비되었다. 시험편의 크기는 $350mm(L){\times}20mm(R){\times}10mm(T)$이며, 이를 시험편은 2,450MHz 의 주파수를 가지는 마이크로파로 가열되었다. 가장 적당한 마이크로파 조사 시간은 60~90초 범위가 적당한 것으로 보였다. 함수은은 조사 시간의 증가와 함께 뚜렷이 감소했다. 연화된 목재를 곡가공 할 때, 연화된 시험편의 철면 (凸面)은 인장되고, 요면(凹面)은 압축 되었다. 압축부는 상당히 압축이되나, 인장부는 매우 작았다. 따라서 파괴는 인장 파괴 변형에 의해서 일어날것이고, 철면에서 대부분 발생한다. 그래서 다음과 같은 3가지 서로 다른 방식에 따라 결과를 얻었다. 1) 대철을 이용하여 곡가공 할 때, 철면에서는 인장 파괴가 일어나지 않지만, 요면에서 압축 파괴가 일어났다. 2) 클램프를 이용하여 곡가공 할 때, 대철 보다 곡가공 시간이 증가 했고, 인장 파괴가 발생했다. 3) 대철과 클램프를 이용한 곡가공은 본 연구에서 가장 우수한 조작으로 나타났다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2013

Carbon materials are mainly used as catalyst supports for polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Catalyst supports are required specific characteristics of the carbon materials, such as large surface area and high electrical conductivity. Attempted were to improve electrical conductivity and to maintain high surface area of carbon materials using a microwave treatment. Microwave treatment, as a relatively new technique, takes short reaction time and reduce the consumption of the gases used for carbon treatment compared to a traditional heat treatment. Hybrid carbon (ACF/Graphene) as catalyst supports by microwave-irradiation method for PEMFC increase the cell performance because of increased electrical conductivity resulting in triple-phase contact and reduced the interfacial resistance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were employed to analyze carbon materials. The performance of microwave-treated carbon materials was evaluated by measuring current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and electrode impedance.