• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to create a set of microsatellite markers with high polymorphism for the genetic monitoring and genetic structure analysis of local goose populations. Methods: Novel microsatellite markers were isolated from the genomic DNA of white Roman geese using short tandem repeated probes. The DNA segments, including short tandem repeats, were tested for their variability among four populations of geese from the Changhua Animal Propagation Station (CAPS). The selected microsatellite markers could then be used to monitor genetic variability and study the genetic structures of geese from local geese farms. Results: 14 novel microsatellite loci were isolated. In addition to seven known loci, two multiplex sets were constructed for the detection of genetic variations in geese populations. The average of allele number, the effective number of alleles, the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphism information content were 11.09, 5.145, 0.499, 0.745, and 0.705, respectively. The results of analysis of molecular variance and principal component analysis indicated a contracting white Roman cluster and a spreading Chinese cluster. In white Roman populations, the CAPS populations were depleted to roughly two clusters when K was set equal to 6 in the Bayesian cluster analysis. The founders of private farm populations had a similar genetic structure. Among the Chinese geese populations, the CAPS populations and private populations represented different clads of the phylogenetic tree and individuals from the private populations had uneven genetic characteristics according to various analyses. Conclusion: Based on this study's analyses, we suggest that the CAPS should institute a proper breeding strategy for white Roman geese to avoid further clustering. In addition, for preservation and stable quality, the Chinese geese in the CAPS and the aforementioned proper breeding scheme should be introduced to geese breeders.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.902-906
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• 2008

경주지방에서 사육 중인 경주개(동경이) 51두를 대상으로 8개의 microsatellite marker을 이용하여 DNA형을 분석한 결과 대립 유전자 수는 $4{\sim}12$개(평균 8.5개)로 검출되었으며 Expected heterozygosit와 PIC는 각각 $0.6162{\sim}0.8746$(평균 0.7587)와 $0.5461{\sim}0.8512$(평균 0.7167)으로 나타났고, PEZ3, PEZ6, PEZ12, FHC2054 marker는 PIC가 0.7이상으로 나타났다. 이들 marker는 향후 동경이의 개체식별 및 친자확인에 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다. 공시재료 51두 중 사육가에 의해 혈통이 알려진 5두를 대상으로 microsatellite marker를 이용하여 혈통을 분석한 결과 3두에서 현재 가계도와 일치하지 않았다. 따라서 앞으로 더 많은 연구를 통해서 동경이에 대한 체계적인 혈통 정립이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.851-857
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• 2009

We developed and characterized 36 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). In total, 169 alleles were identified with an average of 4.7 alleles per locus. Values for observed ($H_o$) and expected ($H_E$) heterozygosities ranged from 0.027 to 0.946 and from 0.027 to 0.810, respectively. Nineteen loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant (P<0.05) excess heterozygosity was observed at nine loci. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was significant (P<0.05) between pairs of locus alleles. Cluster analysis revealed that five species of genus Pleurotus made a distinct group, and the individual cultivars were grouped into major five groups from G-1 to G-5. The diverse cultivars of P. ostreatus were discriminated and the other four species revealed a different section in the UPGMA tree. These microsatellite markers proved to be very useful tools for genetic studies, including assessment of the diversity and population structure of P. ostreatus.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1546-1550
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic variation and establish the relationship amongst breeds and strains using 15 chicken specific microsatellite markers. A total of 285 unrelated DNA samples from four Korean native chicken strains (Black strain of Korean native chicken; KL, Red Brown strain of Korean native chicken; KR, Ogol strain of Korean native chicken; KS and Yellow Brown strain of Korean native chicken; KY) and three introduced chicken breeds (F strain of White Leghorn; LF, K strain of White Leghorn; LK, Rhode Island Red; RC and Cornish; CN) were genotyped to estimate within and between breed genetic diversity indices. All the loci analyzed in 15 microsatellite markers showed a polymorphic pattern and the number of alleles ranged from 5 to 14. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of UMA1019 was the highest (0.872) and that of ADL0234 was the lowest (0.562). The expected total heterozygosity (He) within breed and mean number of observed alleles ranged from 0.540 (LF) to 0.689 (KY), and from 3.47 (LK) to 6.07 (KR), respectively. The genetic variation of KR and KY were the highest and the lowest within Korean native strains, respectively. The genetic distance results showed that Korean native chicken strains were separated with the three introduced chicken breeds clustered into another group. The lowest distance (0.149) was observed between the KR and KL breeds and the highest distance (0.855) between the KR and LK breeds. The microsatellite polymorphism data were shown to be useful for assessing the genetic relationship between Korean native strains and other foreign breeds.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

We identified four new bovine tri-nucleotide microsatellite loci and analyzed their sequence structures and genetic parameters in 105 randomly selected Korean cattle (Hanwoo). Allele numbers of the loci B17S0808, B15S6253, B8S7996, and B17S4998 were 10, 11, 12, and 29, respectively. These alleles contained a simple or compound repeat sequences with some variations. Allele distributions of all these loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.54 (B15S6253) to 0.92 (B17S4998) and from 0.599 (B15S6253) to 0.968 (B17S4998), respectively, and two measures of heterozygosity at each locus were highly correlated. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for these 4 loci ranged from 0.551 (B15S6253) to 0.932 (B17S4998), which means that all these loci are highly informative (PIC > 0.5). Other genetic parameters, power of discrimination (PD) and probability of exclusion (PE) ranged from 0.783 (B15S6253) to 0.984 (B17S4998) and from 0.210 (B15S6253) to 0.782 (B17S4998), respectively. Their combined PD and PE values were 0.9999968 and 0.98005176, respectively. Capillary electrophoresis revealed that average peak height ratio for a stutter was 13.89% at B17S0808, 26.67% at B15S6253, 9.09% at B8S7996, and 43.75% at B17S4998. Although the degree of genetic variability of the locus B15S6253 was relatively low among these four microsatellite markers, their favorable parameters and low peak height ratios for stutters indicate that these four new tri-nucleotide microsatellite loci could be useful multiplex PCR markers for the forensic and population genetic studies in cattle including Korean native breed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Objective: The first stage in both breeding and programs for the conservation of genetic resources are the identification of genetic diversity in the relevant population. The aim of the present study is to identify genetic diversity of six brown layer pure chicken lines (Rhode Island Red [RIRI, RIRII], Barred Rock [BARI, BARII], Columbian Rock [COL], and line 54 [L-54]) with microsatellite markers. Furthermore, the study aims to employ its findings to discuss the possibilities for the conservation and sustainable use of these lines that have been bred as closed populations for a long time. Methods: In the present study, a total number of 180 samples belonging to RIRI (n = 30), RIRII (n = 30), BARI (n = 30), BARII (n = 30), L-54 (n = 30), and COL (n = 30) lines were genotyped using 22 microsatellite loci. Microsatellite markers are extremely useful tools in the identification of genetic diversity since they are distributed throughout the eukaryotic genome in multitudes, demonstrate co-dominant inheritance and they feature a high rate of polymorphism and repeatability. Results: In this study, we found all loci to be polymorphic and identified the average number of alleles per locus to be in the range between 4.41 (BARI) and 5.45 (RIRI); the observed heterozygosity to be in the range between 0.31 (RIRII) and 0.50 (BARII); and $F_{IS}$ (inbreeding coefficient) values in the range between 0.16 (L-54) and 0.46 (RIRII). The $F_{IS}$ values obtained in this context points out to a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiency in six different populations. The Neighbour-Joining tree, Factorial Correspondence Analysis and STRUCTURE clustering analyzes showed that six brown layer lines were separated according to their genetic origins. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study indicate a medium level of genetic diversity, high level inbreeding in chicken lines and high level genetic differentiation between chicken lines.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1696-1700
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• 2005

Five China native cattle breeds have been characterized by using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. The studied populations can be divided into five groups: Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle, Qinchuan cattle and Yanbian cattle. Allele frequencies were calculated and used for the characterization of the breeds and the study of their genetic relationships. Heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, the effective number of alleles was calculated. Nei' standard genetic distance (1978) was calculated and used for a neighbor-joining tree construction. NJ tree showed that Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle and Qinchuan cattle are closely related, whereas Yanbian cattle are clearly distinct from other four populations. The genetic relationship of five breeds corresponds to their history and geographic origins. This work analyzes the recent origin of these populations and contributes to the knowledge and genetic characterization of China native breeds.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.795-802
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• 2010

This study defined the genetic diversity of five breeds of cattle in Asia by analyzing 6 microsatellite markers in 270 animals. Based on expected mean heterozygosity, the lowest genetic diversity was exhibited in Japanese black cattle (HE=0.5849), and the highest in Chinese yellow cattle (HE=0.8073). Average proportion of genetic variation due to interpopulation subdivision among these five cattle breeds varied between 11.7 and 12.5%. The genetic distances were roughly divided into three groups: Japanese black cattle, Holstein, and the three remaining breeds. This clustering agrees with the origin and geographical distributions of these five cattle breeds.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2004

The objective of present study was to ascertain parentage of Thoroughbred(TB) horses in Korea. A total of 2,029 TB horse samples including 993 foal samples for parentage testing were genotyped for nine international minimum standard markers(AHT4, 5, ASB2, HMS3, 6, 7, HTG4, 10, and VHL20). This method consisted of multiplexing PCR procedure, and showed reasonable amplification of all PCR products. Genotyping was performed with an ABI 310 genetic analyzer. The number of alleles per locus varied from 5 to 11 with a mean value of 7.33 in TB. Expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.544 to 0.837(mean 0.709) and the total exclusion probability of 9 microsatellites loci was 0.9978. Of the 9 markers, ASB2, HMS7 and HTG10 loci have relatively high PIC value(>0.7). All of the 993 foals were qualified by compatibility according to Mendelian fashion in the present DNA typing for parentage testing. These results suggest that the present DNA typing has high potential for parentage verification of TB horses.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.97-99
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• 2017

Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for Dorcus hopei in this study. The number of alleles varied from 2 to 21. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1058 to 0.9744 and 0.0997 to 0.8941, respectively. Two loci showed low polymorphism, while the rest were highly polymorphic. Six loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. The set of markers will provide effective tools for examining the population genetic structures and be helpful for managing wild population in D. hopei.