• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.360-368
• /
• 2013

최근 국내의 각종 시설들에서 경관과 여름철 물놀이를 위한 바닥분수 설치가 선호되어, 그 수가 연간 50% 이상 급증하고 있다. 본 연구는, 정량적 미생물학적 위해성 평가 방법으로, 아동이 바닥분수에서 물놀이를 하는 동안 Legionella spp.에 의한 감염 위해도가 어느 정도인지 정량 하였다. 용수 중 Legionella균의 농도를 $10^{-1}-10^6$ CFU/L로 상정하고, 공기 중으로 에어로졸과 함께 비산하게 되는 Legionella균의 농도와 노출시간, 호흡률의 분포, 폐까지 도달하는 에어로졸의 비율을 곱하여 아동들의 노출량을 산정하고, Legionella pneumophila의 위해도를 도출하는 것으로 알려진 지수함수 모델에 따라, 감염 위해도로 변환하였다. 최고 위험군은 뛰어다니면서 물놀이를 하는 신체가 큰, 혹은 연령이 높은 아동이었으며, 이들이 $10^4$ CFU/L 이상의 Legionella균이 존재하는 분수 용수를 1회 이상 이용 시 0.05 이상의 위해도가 발생하였다. 이 결과에 따르면, $10^3$ CFU/L 미만의 Legionella균 농도를 공중이용시설의 모든 배관용수에 대하여 허용하는 현행 질병관리본부의 레지오넬라증 관리지침은 타당한 것으로 판정된다. 그러나, 이 기준은 건강한 성인 대상으로는 적합하나 아동의 면역력이 낮은 점을 감안하지 않았으므로, 아동에게 적합한 감염위해도 모델을 연구하여, 보다 철저한 관리 기준을 적용할 필요성이 있다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.335-342
• /
• 2015

Laboratory facilities for biology are designed as biosafety level 1, biosafety level 2, biosafety level 3, and biosafety level 4. Biosafety level designations are based on a composite of the design features, construction, containment facilities, equipment, practice and operation procedures required for working with agents from the various risk groups. Generally, biosafety level 3 means the facility that is appropriate for the experiments using pathogens which can cause serious diseases by aerosol transmission. The biosafety level assigned for the specific work to be done is driven by professional judgement based on a risk assessment, rather than by automatic assignment according to the particular risk group designation of the pathogenic agents to be used. In this paper, we introduced the biosafety level 3 facility operated in ADD(Agency for defense development). It contains the overview of facility, microbiological experiment, animal experiment, decontamination and waste disposal. Biosafety level 3 laboratory in ADD has served the vital role in the research of biological agents and antidote development.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.333-338
• /
• 2017

This study was performed to assess microbial contamination of Aronia melanocarpa, blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry sold in several markets. We investigated total aerobic bacteria and detected foodborne bacteria by multiplex PCR from Aronia melanocarpa, blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry. Total aerobic bacteria of each sample showed mean 3.54 log CFU/g for Aronia melanocarpa, mean 1.90 log CFU/g for blueberry, and mean 1.40 log CFU/g for raspberry, but not detected in cranberry. Specially, Aronia melanocarpa contained high total aerobic bacteria contamination among various berries and contamination level reached 4.17 log CFU/g in sample 5. To evaluate the effect of distribution conditions, we also investigated total aerobic bacteria of various berries. Total aerobic bacteria showed mean 2.89 log CFU/g for berries in refrigerated distribution and 1.40 log CFU/g in frozen distribution, but not in dry distribution. For assessment of foodborne bacteria contamination, we conducted PCR with multiplex primers of E. coli O157, S. aureus, B. cereus, V. parahaemolyticus, L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. Among these foodborne bacteria, B. cereus was amplified in Aronia melanocarpa in sample 4 and blueberry in sample 1, 2, 3, and 5. The result of quantitative analysis of B. cereus contamination showed 4.08 log CFU/g of Aronia melanocarpa in sample 4 and higher contamination rate 4.07 log CFU/g of blueberry in sample 3. These results suggest that strict food safety control in harvest and distribution of various berries is necessary to prevent foodborne disease and improve microbiological safety.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가스학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.58-68
• /
• 2001

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of carbon steel gas pipeline in soil environments was investigated at field and laboratory MIC is very severe corrosion and it is not easy to distinguish this corrosion from Inorganic corrosion because of its localized, pitting-type character Therefore, it is important to provide proper assessment techniques for the prediction, detection, monitoring and mitigation of MIC. It is possible to predict the MIC risk, i.e., the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) through the analysis of soil environments. Chemical, microbiological and surface analysis of corrosion products and metal attacked could reveal the possibility of the occurrence of MIC. Various electrochemical and surface analysis techniques could be used for the study of MIC. Among these techniques, thin-film electrical resistance (ER) type sensors are promising to obtain localized corrosion rate of MIC induced by SRB. It is also important to study the effect of cathodic protection (CP) on the MIC In case of coated pipeline, the relationship between coating disbondment and the activity of SRB beneath the disbanded coating is also important.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.101-113
• /
• 2016

To properly manage and remediate groundwater contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (TCE), it is necessary to assess natural attenuation processes of contaminants in the aquifer along with investigation of contamination history and aquifer characterization. This study evaluated natural attenuation processes of TCE at an industrial site in Korea by delineating hydrogeochemical characteristics along the flow path of contaminated groundwater, by calculating reaction rate constants for TCE and its degradation products, and by using geochemical and reactive transport modeling. The monitoring data showed that TCE tended to be transformed to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) and further to vinyl chloride (VC) via microbial reductive dechlorination, although the degree was not too significant. According to our modeling results, the temporal and spatial distribution of the TCE plume suggested the dominant role of biodegradation in attenuation processes. This study can provide a useful method for assessing natural attenuation processes in the aquifer contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons and can be applied to other sites with similar hydrological, microbiological, and geochemical settings.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.358-366
• /
• 1998

To meet the demand for high quality of foods with the expanded implementation of foodservice into kindergarten, and to make the efficient use of resources, the necessity of introducing central production unit with cook/chill system into kindergarten foodservice is getting increased. The purpose of this study were to develop standardized recipe applicable to cook/chill system for kindergarten foodservice and to evaluate the microbial and sensory quality. For quantitty production of cook/chill system in kindergarten foodservice, Various Bulkogis were selected as menu items. The followings are summary of the results： 1. Standard recipes to produce Various Bulkogis(Broiled Sliced Meat with Sauce) for cook/chill system have been developed. 2. The microbial quality of Various Bulkogis during 10 days chilled storage was very good. And in this experiment, the stability of storage of standard recipes of Various Bulkogis at cook/chill system was proved for 10 days. 3. All of the items of sensory evaluation of Bulkogis has no significance between the first day and the third day of storage, except the color of Pork Bulkogi (P<0.05).

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.321-325
• /
• 2001

Baird-Parker agar with egg yolk/tellurite emulsion (BPA) is widely accepted as a medium for the enu-meration of Staphylococcus aureus in foods. Howerver, it is not vompletely selective and colonies of other genera of species could be similar to those of Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are lecithinase negatrive could go unnoticed. Both facts could affect the counts. The aim of this study was to dtermine whether the enumeration of the colonies with the typical morphol-ogy of Staphylococcus aureus on BPA is sufficien to quantity this species in poultry meat. Forty chiken carcasses were tested for Staphylococcus aureus by surface plating using BPA, Results indicate that the predictiv value of the morphoogy of the colonies of BPA is 85.71% and 68.42% for typical and atypical colonies of Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. However, Staphylococcus aureus counts (after identification) and counts of typical colonies did not show any significant differences(P>0.05) and are significantly(P<0.001) correlated (r=0.996).These results suggest that , for screening purposes. enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus from poultry meat does not require any identification of stains. resulting in a saving of time and money.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.283-289
• /
• 2006

In recent years, there has been an increase in consumer demand for bottled waters. There is a perception that consumption of natural mineral water represents a healthy life style and that these products are relatively safe. In this study, the microbiological quality of 39 samples of bottled water, purchased from retail store in Korea, was investigated during the 2005. Applying pour plate method, the 1 mL of water samples were analyzed for the presence and enumeration of total general bacteria and Pseudomonas spp.. Nineteen samples representing 9 brands of bottled water contained general bacteria ($1.54{\times}10^2$ CFU/mL). In addition four samples contained Pseudomonas spp. and Camamonas acidovorans. The susceptibility of the strains tested against 25 antimicrobial agents, Pseudomonas fluorescens were resistant to Lincomycin, Amoxacilin/Clavulanic acid and Cefazolin (> $100{\mu}g/mL$). Also Comamonas acidovorans were intermediate to Cephalothin and resistant to Cefoperazone.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2022

Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) has potential risks associated with pathogenic bacterial contamination as it is usually consumed raw. In this study, we investigated the microbiota of Chinese chives purchased from traditional markets and grocery stores in March (Spring) and June (Summer) 2017. Differences in bacterial diversity were observed, and the microbial composition varied across sampling times and sites. In June, potential pathogenic genera, such as Escherichia, Enterobacter, and Pantoea, accounted for a high proportion of the microbiota in samples purchased from the traditional market. A large number of pathogenic bacteria (Acinetobacter lwoffii, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Serratia marcescens) were detected in the June samples at a relatively high rate. In addition, the influence of the washing treatment on Chinese chive microbiota was analyzed. After storage at 26℃, the washing treatment accelerated the growth of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) because it caused dynamic shifts in Chinese chive indigenous microbiota. These results expand our knowledge of the microbiota in Chinese chives and provide data for the prediction and prevention of food-borne illnesses.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2017

국제적으로 식중독 세균이 오염된 농산물의 신선 섭취에 따른 식중독 사고가 빈번하게 발생되고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 생산단계 수박, 참외, 고추, 당근, 상추, 배추, 양배추, 셀러리, 버섯, 보리, 옥수수, 복숭아, 포도를 대상으로 위생지표세균과 식중독 세균의 오염도를 분석하였다. 2013년부터 2015년까지 각 작물별로 3곳 이상의 주산지에서 총 1,820점의 시료를 수집하여 일반호기성세균, 대장균군, B. cereus, S. aureus의 정량적 분석과 E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes의 정성적 분석을 수행하였다. 일반호기성세균은 전체 시험대상 농산물에서 0.01~7.18 log CFU/g 범위의 밀도를 나타냈고, 대장균은 총 651점의(35.8%) 시료에서 나타났다. B. cereus는 0.01~2.48 log CFU/g 범위로 총 169점의(9.3) 시료에서 나타났고, S. aureus는 총 14점의(0.7%) 시료에서 0.01~1.69 log CFU/g 범위로 나타났다. 정성적 분석에서 E. coli는 총 101점의(5.5%) 시료에서 양성인 것으로 나타났고, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes는 모두 음성인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 국내 생산단계 농산물의 전반적인 미생물학적 오염도를 파악할 수 있고 농산물 중 미생물 기준 설정 등에 대한 과학적 근거로써 미생물위험평가(Microbiological Risk Assessment)의 기초자료로써 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다.