• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.517-524
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• 1999

배 경: 기관지천식은 만성적인 기도염증질환으로서 기도염증으로 인해 기도 과민성과 가역적인 기도폐쇄양상을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 기도염증의 정도를 측정하는데 있어서 유도객담이 내시경을 이용한 방법보다 비침습적이고 안전하며 반복적으로 시행할 수 있는 믿을 만한 검사 방법으로 인정을 받고 있다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 유도객담을 이용하여 기도염증과 기관지 과민성간의 상관관계를 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 기관지천식의 기왕력이 있는 17명의 환자를 대상으로 검사 시작 4주 이내에 호흡기 감염이 있었거나 객담을 배출할 수 없는 환자는 제외시켜 15명이 연구에 참가하였다. 기도염증의 정도를 측정하기 위해 고장성 생리식염수(3%)로 유도객담을 채취한 후 타액과 분리한 객담 1cc를 pippet을 사용하여 15ml conical tube에 옮긴다. 4cc의 dithiothreitol 0.1%용액(Sputalysin 10%, Calbiochem Corp., San Diego, California.)과 이 용액의 완충제인 Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline 4cc를 사용하여 처리한 다음 염증세포수와 ECP를 측정하였다. 기관지 과민성을 알기 위해 메타콜린 기관지 유발시험을 시행하여 $PC_{20}$을 구하였다. 결 과 : 기저치 폐기능검사상 $FEV_1$은 예측치의 $76.3{\pm}30.3%$였고 유도객담 검사상 대식세포 수, 호중구, 호산구, 림프구는 각각 $39.1{\pm}27.0%$, $29.6{\pm}21.0%$, $28.8{\pm}18.8%$, $1.3{\pm}3.1%$였다. 유도객담 내의 ECP농도는 평균 $1,101{\pm}833\;{\mu}g/L$였고, 기하평균 $PC_{20}$은 0.56 mg/mL로 나왔다. 유도객담 내의 ECP농도는 유도객담 내의 호산구 수와 유의한 양의 상관관계(r=0.81, p<0.05)가 있었고, 가저치 폐기능검사 결과($FEV_1$)와는 유의한 역상관관계(r=-0.62, p<0.05)를 보였다. 유도객담 내 호산구 수와 메타콜린 기관지 유발시험에 의한 $PC_{20}$간에는 유의한 역상관관계(r=-0.78, p<0.05)를 보였으나, 호중구 수와 $PC_{20}$사이에는 유의한 상관관계(r=0.11, p=0.69)를 나타내지 않았다. 결 론 : 유도객담은 천식환자에서 기도염증의 정도를 반영하는 안전하면서도 유용한 검사이며 호산구의 침윤으로 인한 기도염증이 기관지천식 환자에서 기관지 과민성을 유발시키는 주요한 원인인자로서 관여할 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.13-32
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• 1998

A questionaire was conducted to obtain ran satisfactions in information of the 325 disabled persons among the total 9,314 handicapped people in Taejon area, and was surveyed during the period of June 1 to August 31, 1997. The results are as follows: 1. Among the studied disabled persons, $54.5\%$ of male, and $45.5\%$ of female. 2. Before disabled in occupation, $32.0\%$ of out of work group were high, $6.5\%$ of farm, student group were low. Before disabled in occupation by gender, male group is $29.9\%$ of out of work group were high, $0.6\%$ of housework group were low. female group is$34.5\%$ of out of work group were high, $4.7\%$ of student group were low(P<0.001). 3. After disabled in occupation, $75.1\%$ of out of work group wert high, $10.8\%$ of in working group were low. After disabled in occupation by gender, male group is $87.6\%$ of out of work group were high, $1.7\%$ of housework group were low. female group is $60.1\%$ of out of work group were hgh, $10.8\%$ of in working group were low(P<0.001). 4. Medical security status, $64.9\%$ of medical aid group wore high, $35.1\%$ of medical insurance group were low. Medical security status by gender, male group is $71.2\%$ of medical aid group were high, $28.8\%$ of medical insurance group were Iew. female group is $57.4\%$ of medical aid group wan high, $42.6\%$ of medical insurance were low(P<0.01). 5. Disabled record status, $68.6\%$ of record group were high, $31.4\%$ of non group were low. Disabled record status by gender, male group is $78.5\%$ of record group were high, $21.5\%$ of non record group were low. female group is $56.6\%$ of record group were high, $43.4%$ of non record group were low(P<0.001). 6. Disabled duration status, $42.2\%$ of loss than 9 year group were high, $10.2\%\;of\;20-29,\;30-39$ year group were low. Disabled duration status by gender,'male group is $44.6\%$ of less than 9 year group were high, $6.2\%$ of 20-29 year group wert low. female group is $39.2\%$ of less than 9 year were high, $39.2\%$ of 30-39 year group were low (P<0.05). 7. Cause of disabled status, $26.5\%$ of other group, $23.7\%$ of congenital group were high. $9.2\%$ of unknown group, $6.8\%$ of industry accident, $2.5\%$ of drug poisoning group were low. Cause of disabled status by gender, male group is $27.7\%$ of other group, $23.7\%$ of congenital group were high, $2.3\%$ drug poisoning group were low. female group is $25.0\%$ of other group, $20.9\%$ of congenital group were high, $2.5\%$ of drug poisoning group were low (P<0.001). 8. Disabled type status, $19.4\%$ of double disabled group were high, $2.2\%$ of muscle paralysis group were low. Disabled type status by gender, male group is $22.0\%$ of double disabled group were high, $2.3\%$ of muscle paralysis group were low. female group is $23.3\%$ of rheumatism group were high, $0.7\%$ of amputation group were low(P<0.001). 9. Smoking status, $73.2\%$ of non smoking group were high, $26.8\%$ of smoking group were low. Smoking status by gender, male group is $59.9\%$ of double non smoking group were high, $40.1\%$ of Smoking group were low, female group is $89.2\%$ of non smoking group were high, $10.8\%$ of smoking group were low(P<0.001). 10. Drinking status, $80.0\%$ of non drinking group were high, $20.0\%$ of drinking group were low. Drinking status by gender, male group is $72.3\%$ of non drinking group were high, $27.7\%$ of drinking group were low. female group is $89.2\%$ of non drinking group were high, $10.8\%$ of drinking group were low(P<0.001). 11. Stress level status, $52.9\%$ of high stress group were high, $1.8\%$ of very severe stress group were low. Stress level status by gender, male group is $50.8\%$ of high stress group were high, $2.3\%$ of very severe stress group were low. female group is $55.4\%$of high stress group were high, $1.4\%$ of very severe stress group were low. 12. Heed status, $28.0\%$ of economic support were high, $4.6\%$ of speech therapy, brace group were low. Need status by Sender, male group is $2i2\%$ of economic support group were high, $4.5\%$ of bracegroup were low. female group is$27.7\%$ of economic support group were high, $3.4\%$ of speech therapy group were low. 13. Care satisfaction comparision, 3.09, 0.55 point of IBR, 4.01, 0.45 point of CHR(P<0.001). 14. The variables which had positive correlation with IBR were gender(r=0.1406, P<0.01), age(r=0.1872, p<0.001), economic level(r=0.1246, P<0.05), disabled record(r=0.1137, P<0.05), education level(r=-0.1122. p<0.05). 15. The variables which had positive : correlation with CBR were gender(r=0.1613, P<0.01), age(r=0.2255, P<0.001). list of family(r=0.12i3, P<0.01), disabled record(r=0.1273, P<0.05). education level(r=-0.1294, P<0.01).

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생의 MBTI성격유형, 감성지능, 스트레스 대처방식, 대학생활적응 수준을 파악하고 간호대학생들의 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향 요인을 파악하기 위한 것이다. 연구대상자는 C시에 소재하는 간호학과 학생 267명이다. 자료수집은 2017년 3월 6일부터 3월 31일까지 실시되었다. 연구결과, 간호대학생의 대학생활적응은 감성지능(r=.29, p<.001)과 스트레스 대처방식(r=.27, p<.001)으로 양의 상관관계를 나타내었고, MBTI 성격유형의 심리기능유형(F=0.36, p=.781)과 심리기질유형(F=0.43, p=.730)과는 유의하지 않았다. 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 학년(${\beta}=.22$, p<.001), 입학동기 중 적성(${\beta}=.17$, p=.024), 전공만족도 중 만족(${\beta}=.24$, p=.025), 감성지능(${\beta}=.14$, p=.028) 및 스트레스 대처방식(${\beta}=.15$, p=.013)으로 설명력은 총 17.5%(F=8.03, p<.001)이었다. 대학생활적응의 각 하부영역에 유의한 영향을 미친 변수를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 학업활동에 영향을 미친 변수는 학년(${\beta}=.12$, p=.045), 성적(${\beta}=.36$, p<.001), 전공만족도 중 만족(${\beta}=.21$, p=.047), 감성지능(${\beta}=.12$, p=.055), 스트레스 대처방식(${\beta}=.12$, p=.055)으로 설명력($R^2$)이 22.0% 이었으며, 진로준비에 영향을 미친 변수는 학년(${\beta}=.14$, p=.026), 입학동기 중 적성(${\beta}=.18$, p=.018), 입학동기 중 취업(${\beta}=.18$, p=.016), 감성지능(${\beta}=.15$, p=.023)으로 설명력($R^2$)은 10.0%이었다. 또한 개인심리에 영향을 미친 변수는 연령(${\beta}=.13$, p=.016), 입학동기 중 적성(${\beta}=.19$, p=.010), 감성지능(${\beta}=.30$, p<.001), 스트레스 대처방식(${\beta}=.18$, p=.003)으로 설명력($R^2$)은 26.5% 이었으며, 대인관계와 사회체험에 영향을 미친 변수는 학년(${\beta}=.25$, p<.001 & ${\beta}=.25$, p<.001)으로 설명력($R^2$)은 각각 8.4%, 6.1%였다. 따라서 간호대학생의 대학생활적응을 위해 감성지능과 스트레스 대처전략을 향상시킬 수 있는 교육 커리큘럼과 함께 교과 외 활동을 통합하는 체계적인 교육프로그램 개발이 필요할 것이다. 또한 간호대학생의 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 확인된 MBTI 성격유형의 심리기능유형과 심리기질유형은 대규모 표본을 대상으로 추후연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1996

This study is purposed to compare PR activities among the 5 large hospitals in Seoul and Kyonggido. The research methods are used in interview survey for employees and Questionnaires survey for patients or their relatives. The 427 patients or their relatives(response rate: 85.4%) were surveyed. The hospital which is below, is more active than any others in special PR activities. 1. Distribution of hospital information books: E, P, A 2. Distribution of calendar: P 3. Broadcast in hospital: E 4. Education of employees about PR : E, A 5. Education of employees about service: all hospitals are active. The PR sectors are organized under the Department of planning(S,J,E) or CEO(P,A). And the budget of PR activities is almost a similar level among all. The degree of recognition and utilization for PR activities is not different among hopitals by the sociodemographic variables of patients. And the average of correlation ratio between recognition of each hopital's PR activities and its utilization is 62.01%(range:51.29%-67.98%) average.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2004

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface defects and cross-sectional configuration of NiTi rotary files on the fatigue life under cyclic loading. Three NiTi rotary files ($K3^{TM},{\;}ProFile^{\circledR},{\;}and{\;}HERO{\;}642^{\circledR}$) with ＃30/.04 taper were evaluated. Each rotary file was divided into 2 subgroups : control (no surface defects) and experimental group (artificial surface defects), A total of six groups of each 10 were tested. The NiTi rotary files were rotated at 300rpm using the apparatus which simulated curved canal (40 degree of curvature) until they fracture. The number of cycles to fracture was calculated and the fractured surfaces were observed with a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that experimental groups with surface defects had lower number of cycles to fracture than control group but there was only a statistical significance between control and experimental group in the $K3^{TM}$ (p<0.05), There was no strong correlation between the cross-sectional configuration area and fracture resistance under experimental conditions. Several of fractured files demonstrated characteristic patterns of brittle fracture consistent with the propagation of pre-existing cracks. This data indicate that surface defects of NiTi rotary files may significantly decrease fatigue life and it may be one possible factor for early fracture of NiTi rotary files in clinical practice.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.1129-1142
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• 2021

본 연구는 간호대학생의 임상실습 동안 적용한 SBAR 보고교육이 의사소통명확성, 의사소통 만족도, 보고자신감, 의사소통능력에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하고자 실시되었다. 자료수집기간은 2019년 12월 1일부터 12월 20일까지이며 2개 대학교에서 임상실습을 6주 이상 완료한 3학년을 편의 추출하였다. 대상자 수는 SBAR 보고교육을 받은 103명과 교육을 받지 않은 113명이다. 자료분석은 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient 등으로 분석하였다. 의사소통명확성과 의사소통능력은 양의 상관관계(r=.52, p<.001)가 있었고, 보고자신감은 의사소통만족도와 양의 상관관계(r=.53, p<.001)가 있으며, 의사소통능력은 보고자신감과 양의 상관관계(r=.46, p<.001)가 있었다. 의사소통능력은 의사소통명확성(𝛽=.29, p<.001), 의사소통만족도(𝛽=.43, p<.001), 보고자신감(𝛽=.15, p=.009)이 유의한 영향요인이었으며, 설명력은 49.0%로 나타났다. 결론적으로 간호대학생에게 임상실습 중 실무능력을 파악하여 보고체계를 강화하기 위한 교육적 제도와 교수방법의 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.20-29
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• 1989

발거된 소구치 80개의 협, 설면에 교합면쪽의 법량질변연과 치은쪽의 상아질변연을 부여한 제 5급와동을 형성한 후, 각 20개씩 4개의 군으로 나누었다. 각 군별로 초미세입자형 광중합 복합레진과 법랑질접착체인 Durafill$^{(R)}$-Durafill bond$^{(R)}$, Bisfil M$^{(R)}$-Resin bond$^{(R)}$, 초미세입자형 복합레진과 상아질 접착제인 Silux$^{(R)}$-Scotchbond$^{(R)}$ 그리고 글라스 아이오노머 시멘트인 Fuji ionomer$^{(R)}$로 충전하였다. 온도변화는 $40^{\circ}C$와 $60^{\circ}C$의 2% methylene blue 용액에 각각 30초간 침척을 반복시킨 후 $37^{\circ}C$ 동용액에 24시간 경과시켜 법랑질변연부와 상아질변연부에서의 색소침투를 관찰하므로써 변연누출의 정도률 비교한 바 다움과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 법랑질변연부에서 Durafill$^{(R)}$-Durafill bond$^{(R)}$, Bisfil M$^{(R)}$-Resin bond$^{(R)}$ 및 Silux$^{(R)}$-Scotchbond$^{(R)}$군 상호간에는 대차가 없었으나(P>0.05), 3군 공히 Fuji ionomer$^{(R)}$군보다는 변연누출이 적었다(P<0.01). 2. 상아질변연부에서는 Silux$^{(R)}$-Scotchbond$^{(R)}$군과 Fuji ionomer$^{(R)}$군이 각각 Durafill$^{(R)}$-Durafill bond$^{(R)}$군 및 Bisfil M$^{(R)}$-Resin bond$^{(R)}$군에 비해 변연누출이 적었다(P<0.01). 3. 충전한 모든군의 5급 와동에서 법랑질변연부가 상아질변연부보다 변연누출이 적었다(P<0.01).

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.675-684
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• 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the infection control organizational culture, infection prevention environment, and infection control performance of nurses at a children's hospital and to identify factors affecting infection control performance. The subjects of the study were 160 nurses from five children's hospitals, and data collection was conducted from February 19 to 29, 2024. Data analysis was performed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and difference analysis of variables using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. As a result of the study, infection control performance was positively correlated with infection control organizational culture (r= .610, p< .001) and infection prevention environment (r= .586, p< .001), and as a result of multiple regression analysis, infection control organization The influencing factors appeared in the following order: culture (β= .369), infection prevention environment (β= .312), medical institution accreditation evaluation experience (β= .165), and infection control education experience (β= .137), and the overall explanatory power was It was 50.8% (F=41.966, p< .001). Based on the results of this study, to carry out infection control in children's hospitals, integrated management including the will and effort of individual nurses, support and policy from medical institutions and the government is needed, and the development of an infection control education program that takes into account the special characteristics of children's hospital nurses. Application is necessary.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2000

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis for 29 populations (n=543) of the wrinkled frog, Rana rugosa, from Korea and Japan was peformed to assess the degree of genic variation and genetic diversity, and to understand the biogeographic pattern of distribution and speciation. A sum of 22 presumptive loci was screened from 17 enzymes and general proteins. Four loci, Aco, Est-3, Me-2, and Pgm, demonstrated high levels of polymorphism. The degree of average genetic variation of R. rugosa was P=22.7% (9.1-40.9%), Ho=0.086 (0.048-0.165) and He=0.090 (0.042-0.168). In the south-eastern region of the Korean peninsula (Chongsong, Yongchon, Ulsan, Kyongju, Pohang, yongdok and Ulchin), a few unique alleles in the Mpi locus were detected and their biogeographic implications were considered. The degree of genetic differentiation among the Korean populations was moderate (S=0.900), whereas the degree of genetic diversity between Korean and Japanese populations was notably high (S=0.687, D=0.293). This result corresponds with the data obtained by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence (Lee et al., 1999) suggesting that the Korean and Japanese R. rugosa might have evolved a specific level of genetic differentiation since their geographic isolation.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

2004년 10월부터 2005년 11월까지 전라북도 고창군 주진천에 서식하는 쇄방사늑조개의 서식지 환경과 성장을 조사하였다. 서식지의 월별 수온은 $4.6-29.3^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며, 1월에 가 장 낮았고, 8월에 가장 높았다. 지온은 $2.6-29.4^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며 수온과 비슷하게 1월과 2월에 낮았고 8월에 가장 높았다. 월별 염분은 2.3-20.2 psu로 평균 $8.21\;{\pm}\;4.77\;psu$였다. 쇄방사늑조개의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1회 형성되며, 주된 윤문 형성 시기는 10-12월임을 확연할 수 있었다. 초륜의 형성 기간은 약 5개월 (0.42년) 으로 나타났으며, 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 관계는 SH = 0.4352 SL + 0.5642 ($R^2\;=\;0.978$) 이고, 각장과 각폭 (SW) 간의 관계는 SW = 0.4352 SL - 0.5675 ($R^2\;=\;0.957$) 이며, 각장과 전중량 (TW) 간의 관계는 $TW\;=\;6.999\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;SL^{3.2542}\;(R^2\;=\;0.975)$ 로 나타났다. 연령 (t) 에 대한 각장 (SL) 의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $SL_t\;=\;30.77\;[1-e^{-0.4572(t+0.7371)}]$였으며, 전중량 (TW) 의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $TW_t\;=\;4.87\;[1-e^{-0.4572(t+0.7371)}]^{3.2542}$로 추정되었다.