• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-13
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• 1998

In mathematics education we have focused on how to improve the problem-solving ability, which makes its way to the new direction with the introduction of meta-cognition. As meta-cognition is based on cognitive activity of learners and concerned about internal properties, we may find a more effective way to generate learners problem-solving power. Its means that learners can regulate cognitive process according to their gorls of learning by themselves. Moreover, they are expected to make active participation through this process. If specific meta problems designed to develop meta-cognition are offered, learners are able to work alone by means of their own cognition and regulation while solving problems. They can transfer meta-cognition to the other subjects as well as mathematics. The studies on meta-cognition conducted so far may be divided into these three types. First in Flavell(［3］) meta-cognition is defined as the matter of being conscious of one's own cognition, that is, recognizing cognition. He conducted an experiment with presschoolers and children who just entered primary school and concluded that their cognition may be described as general stage that can not link to specific situation in line with Piaget. Second, Brown(［1］, ［2］) and others argued that meta-cognition means control and regulation of one's own cognition and tried to apply such concept to classrooms. He tried to fined out the strategies used by intelligent students and teach such types of activity to other students. Third, Merleary-Ponty (1962) claimed that meta-cognition is children's way of understanding phenomena or objects. They worked on what would come out in children's cognition responding to their surrounding world. In this paper following the model of meta-cognition produced by Lester (［7］) based on such ideas, we develop types of meta-cognition. In the process of meta-cognition, the meta-cognition working for it is to be intentionally developed and to help unskilled students conduct meta-cognition. When meta-cognition is disciplined through meta problems, their problem-solving power will provide more refined methods for the given problems through autonomous meta-cognitive activity without any further meta problems.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.497-516
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• 2022

In this study, we tried to devise a method to activate meta-affect in the aspect of supporting mathematics teaching and learning according to the need to find specific strategies and teaching and learning methods to activate learners' meta-affect in mathematics subjects, which are highly influenced by psychological factors. To this end, the definitional and conceptual elements of meta-affect which are the basis of this study, were identified from previous studies. Reflecting these factors, a teaching and learning model that activates meta-affect was devised, and a meta-affect activation strategy applied in the model was constructed. The mathematics teaching and learning model that activates meta-affect developed in this study was refined by verifying its suitability and convenience in the field through expert advice and application of actual mathematics classes. The developed model is meaningful in that it proposed a variety of practical teaching and learning methods that activate the meta-affect of learners in a mathematical learning situation.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2009

This paper designed Object-orientid Meta_data operation module that introducted new Meta_class basis the Meta_Classfication model. In order to implement this Data model, we have introducted heurilistic class to traditional object-orinted database. And we designed Meta_data operation module for Inplemetated Meta_data that basis on the heurilistic classficasion model using stored Meta_data in extened object-oriend data model.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2003

본 연구는 SCORM 기반 학습 객체의 메타데이타 생성 즉 Asset, SCO, Contents Aggregation과 Contents Package에 대한 메타데이터를 생성하는 시스템(MetaGene)을 개발한다. SCORM 을 지원하는 LMS내 API 어댑터와 인터페이스를 위한 학습 객체 내에 API 활성화 함수를 내장시키고, 데이터 모델을 기반으로 학습 과정을 트래킹 하는 코드도 포함 시킨다. 또한 학습 객체들이 LMS에 전송되게 PIF(Package Interchange File)로 패키징 시킨다. MetaGene에 생성된 학습객체의 메타데이터와 컨텐츠 패키지의 manifest file을 $SCORM^{(TM)}$ Conformance Testsuite을 이용하여 유효성을 검증한다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.307-322
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate how and which meta tags are used, which meta tags are used frequently, and what relationships there are between retrieval of WWW documents and meta tags. For the study, 1,000 WWW documents were selected and examined from OCLC NetFirst. The total of 92 meta tags was discovered and "description" and "keywords"meta tags were analyzed intensively. In addition, analysis of WWW documents showed that there are no significant relationships in meta tag usages between documents retrieved at the beginning and documents retrieved at the end. Comparative study between general internet search engines and commercial DBs such as NetFirst is suggested as a further study.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.49.1-49.7
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• 2022

Many packages for a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been developed to discover genetic variants. Although variations across studies must be considered, there are not many currently-accessible packages that estimate between-study heterogeneity. Thus, we propose a python based application called Beta-Meta which can easily process a meta-analysis by automatically selecting between a fixed effects and a random effects model based on heterogeneity. Beta-Meta implements flexible input data manipulation to allow multiple meta-analyses of different genotype-phenotype associations in a single process. It provides a step-by-step meta-analysis of GWAS for each association in the following order: heterogeneity test, two different calculations of an effect size and a p-value based on heterogeneity, and the Benjamini-Hochberg p-value adjustment. These methods enable users to validate the results of individual studies with greater statistical power and better estimation precision. We elaborate on these and illustrate them with examples from several studies of infertility-related disorders.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.563-581
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• 2016

수학 문제해결에서의 메타정의에 대한 연구 관심은 인지-메타인지의 구조에 착안하여 정의적 요소 간에 유사한 구조 설정의 시도로부터 출발하였으나 메타인지에 대한 연구와 비교할 때 아직 연구의 명료성이나 통일성 또는 체계성 면에서 개선이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 수학 문제해결 과정에 작용하는 일련의 인지적, 정의적 요소의 연쇄 유형 중에 정의적 요소를 포함하는 경우로써 '메타정의'의 개념을 규정하여 수학 문제해결 과정에 나타날 수 있는 실제적인 메타정의의 각 경우를 논리적으로 유형화하였다. 이를 준거로 초등학생의 실제 수학 문제해결 과정에서 메타정의의 각 유형에 해당하는 실제 예를 관찰, 분석하였다. 이를 통해서 수학문제해결 과정에서 메타정의의 작동 메커니즘, 즉 메타정의의 각 유형별로 구체적 작동 원리와 특히 문제해결 과정에 생산적으로 작동하는 메타적 기능의 특성을 추출하였다. 이는 문제해결에서의 메타정의 분석 방법론의 효율성 제고와 수학 문제해결 교수-학습에서의 메타정의가 함의하는 교육적 시사점 제공이란 면에서 기여한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.519-530
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• 2019

선행연구에 의하면 수학 학습활동에서 인지적, 정의적 요소들 사이의 상호작용에 기반하는 메타정의는 메타인지와 유사한 방식으로 학습자의 수학적 능력과 긴밀한 역학적 관련성을 유지한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 특성을 현상학적으로 파악하기 위하여 초등학교 5학년 수학 영재아의 소집단 문제해결 사례를 메타정의적 관점에서 분석하였다. 그 결과 수학 영재아의 인지적, 정의적 특성이 메타정의적 활동을 통해 문제해결 활동에 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있으며, 특히 문제해결자의 정의적 역량은 정서나 태도 형태의 메타정의로 문제해결 활동에 작용함을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2022

We look at the initial stage of Meta (previous Facebook)'s new metaverse platform and investigate its platform design in pre-launch and ignition life stage. From the Rocket Model (RM)'s theoretical logic, the results reveal that Meta firstly focuses on investing in key content developers by acquiring virtual reality (VR), video, music content firms and offering production support platform of the augmented reality (AR) content, 'Spark AR' last three years (2019~2021) for attracting high-potential developers and users. In terms of three matching criteria, Meta develops an Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered translation software, partners with Microsoft (MS) for cloud computing and AI, and develops an AI platform for realistic avatar, MyoSuite. In 'connect' function, Meta curates the game concept submitted by game developers, welcomes other game and SNS based metaverse apps, and expands Horizon Worlds (HW) on VR devices to PCs and mobile devices. In 'transact' function, Meta offers 'HW Creator Funding' program for metaverse, launches the first commercialized Meta Avatar Store on Meta's conventional SNS and Messaging apps by inviting all fashion creators to design and sell clothing in this store. Mata also launches an initial test of non-fungible token (NFT) display on Instagram and expands it to Facebook in the US. Lastly, regarding optimization, especially in the face of recent data privacy issues that have adversely affected corporate key performance indicators (KPIs), Meta assures not to collect any new data and to make its privacy policy easier to understand and update its terms of service more user friendly.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2003

Lately CBD methodologies like as CBD96, Catalysis, Fusion, and SCIPIO have been introduced. These methodologies has their own proprietary component reference model. Using proprietary reference model falls interoperability among methodologies. Furthermore it can cause confusion and difficulty for component developers, In this paper, we propose a integrated component meta-model for support consistency and interoperability among component designs. Also, we compare our proposed meta model to existing component reference model by using component's characteristics. We expect that it is easy to add new meta model elements and extends meta-model by using integrated component meta-model.