• 제목/요약/키워드: medical information standard

검색결과 608건 처리시간 0.028초

RFID와 적외선 센서의 임베디드 프로그래밍을 통한 OSGi 기반 노령 환자 케어 시스템의 설계 및 구현 (Design and Implementation of an OSGi-based Old Age Patient Care System in Embedded Programming on RFIDs and Infrared Sensors)

  • 차시호;김대영;최재호;이종언;김규호;조국현
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제33권11B호
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    • pp.1005-1012
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    • 2008
  • 전 세계적으로 노령 인구가 급속하게 증가함에 따라 그 어느 분야보다 실버 케어 분야의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 보호자가 피보호자의 상태를 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있고, 위급 상황을 보호자 및 의료기관에 통보 할 수 있는 고령 환자 케어 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 제안된 시스템은 노령 환자들의 활동량을 분석하고 움직임을 감지하기 위한 기능을 RFID와 적외선 센서에 임베디드로 구현하고, 홈 게이트웨이는 미들웨어 표준인 OSGi를 이용해 다양한 이기종 장비들과 쉽게 통합할 수 있도록 하였다. 구현된 시스템을 통해 피보호자의 일일 활동량 및 주간 활동량 정보는 웹브라우저를 통해서 확인이 가능하며, 웹캠을 통한 영상도 실시간으로 볼 수 있다. 또한 위급한 상황 발생 시 보호자의 휴대전화와 이메일로 이러한 정보가 통지될 수 있다.

비디오 프로그램을 통한 정보제공이 위암조기발견에 대한 지식과 태도에 미치는 효과 (The Effect of Audiovisual Information with Videotape on Knowledge and Attitude of Early Detection of Gastric Carcinoma)

  • 김명주;태영숙
    • 종양간호연구
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.61-71
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    • 2002
  • Gastric Carcinoma is very plentiful and significant disease in Korean community. The reason is that Gastric Carcinoma is not a simply finding disease with unclear symptoms for early detection. Early detection and early medical treatment of a cancer patient is an important instrument of reducing the mortility rate. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of audiovisual information with videotape infulencing on knowledge and attitude of early detection of gastric carcinoma. The research design was a non-equivalent control group, pre-post test. The subjects of this study were 52 members of D-taxi drivers which was located in Pusan. The subjects were twenty six experimental group and twenty six control group. The experimental group was collected from January 15, 1999 to January 26, 1999. The control group was collected from the research was 28 minutes video program which was turning out the form of documentary on the based practical experience. And also the experimental tool was used measurung instrument which measured a dependent, variable throughout the consulatation of an percentage, average, standard deviation, ${\chi}^2-test$ and t-test using spss/pc program. The result of this research were as follows : 1)" The experimental group which was offered the video program, should be higher in knowledge of early detection of the gastric carcinoma than the control group" was supported. (t= -7.754, p=.000) 2) "The experimental group which was offered the video program, should be higher in attitude of the early detection of the gastric carcinoma than the control group" was supported. (t=-4.321, p=.000) Therefore, in conclusion, this study that the audiovisual information with videotape influencing on knowledge and attitude of early detection of gastric carcionma was very representational experience throughout the video of documentary form on the based practical experience was much effected the change of the knowledge and the attitude regarding to the early detection of the gastric carcinoma was verified.

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LonWorks 기반의 지능형 쾌적 공조 시스템 개발 (Development of Intelligence comfortable Air Handling System Based on LonWorks)

  • 김관형;강성인;황용연;변기식
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국해양정보통신학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.273-275
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    • 2009
  • 현대인의 생활은 대부분 실내에서 생활하고 있으며, 실내 거주공간을 쾌적화하기 위한 다양한 시스템을 설계하고 제어하고 있다. 제어기 설계에 있어서 중요한 인자는 온도, 자연광, 실내조명, 공간 넓이 등이 중요한 인자이며 이들 인자들 사이의 상관관계를 규명하여 쾌적제어기를 설계하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 온도, 습도 그 외에 실내 환경에 영향을 주는 조도와 실내 공간 넓이에 대한 기류 센서 등의 센서모듈을 설계하여 실내 환경에 대한 정보를 획득 한 뒤 실내에 사람의 유무에 대한 정보를 기준으로 PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) 규격화를 통하여 실내 환경을 쾌적하게 제어하는 시스템을 설계하였다. 또한, LonWorks 기반의 전력선 통신을 이용하여 실내조명을 제어하며, 공조용 에어컨을 제어할 수 있는 LonWorks 기반의 무선 리모콘을 설계하여 에어컨을 제어하고 원격 모니터링 기능을 수행하는 지능형 제어시스템을 제시하고자 한다.

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수면단계 분석을 위한 특징 선택 알고리즘 설계 (The Design of Feature Selecting Algorithm for Sleep Stage Analysis)

  • 이지은;유선국
    • 전자공학회논문지
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    • 제50권10호
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    • pp.207-216
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구의 목적은 수면상태 분석을 위한 분류기를 설계해줌과 동시에 생체신호를 기반으로 하여 수면상태 판별에 유효한 주요 특징벡터들을 추출함에 있다. 수면은 인간의 삶에 중요한 영향을 끼친다. 따라서 사람들이 수면부족 혹은 수면장애를 겪게 되면 집중력 감퇴, 인지기능 장애 등의 문제를 가질 우려가 생기게 되므로, 수면단계 판별에 관한 많은 연구들이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 피험자가 수면을 취하는 동안 피험자의 생체신호를 획득하였다. 획득 된 생체신호로부터 필터링 등의 전처리 과정을 통하여 특징들을 추출하여 주었다. 추출된 특징들은 유전 알고리즘과 신경망을 결합하여 만든 새로운 알고리즘의 입력으로 사용되었으며, 알고리즘은 수면단계 분석을 위하여 높은 가중치를 가지는 특징을 선택하여 주었다. 이에 따른 결과로 뇌파 신호와 심전도 신호 모두 사용 시 알고리즘의 정확도는 약 90.26%가 나왔으며, 선택되어진 특징은 뇌파 신호의 ${\alpha}$파와 ${\delta}$파의 주파수 파워와 심전도 신호의 SDNN(Standard deviation of all normal RR intervals)이다. 선택된 특징은 수면상태를 분류하는데 중요한 역할을 함을 알고리즘을 반복적으로 수행하여 확인하였고, 이 연구는 추후 수면장애의 진단 혹은 수면분석의 지침을 만드는데 사용가능할 것으로 사료된다.

주민(住民)의 전통의술(傳統醫術) 이용도(利用度) 조사연구(調査硏究) - 민속요법(民俗療法) 이용(利用)을 중심(中心) 으로 - (A Study on the Utilization Level of Traditional Medicine by Residents - On the basis of Use of Folk Medical Techniques -)

  • 김진순
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.3-18
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    • 1988
  • The general objective of this research is to study behavioral pattern of health care utilization and to measure the level of utilization of the traditional medicine. The specific objective is to study utilization pattern and content of folk medicine which is the indegenous medical technology recognized part of traditional medicine. This research was under taken to generate valid information that will provide basis data for formulating general direction for health education activities and for designing service package for general population. A social survey method was employed to obtain required information for the research activities, The survey field team consisted of 20 surveyors who all participated is an intensive 2 day training course. A total of 3091 households were visited and interviewed by the field team during the period 7 September to 6 October 1987. The major findings obtained from the information collected by the field survey are as follows ; 1) General characteristics of the study households 2562 households out of 3091 households visited were selected for final data process, 80.2 of the selected households were nuclear families ; 17.4%, extended families ; others 2.4%. Only 4.3 percent of the study population in the urban households indicated "no schooling" whereas 14.2% of the rural household members falls within this category. Study population in the urban areas are more protected against diseases by the national medical insurance system than those in rural areas. In their self appraisal of living standard, those who responded with low group are 39.6% and 50.3% respectively by urban and rural households. 2) Morbidity status Period prevalence rate for all diseases during the preceding 15 days before the date of the household interview v as 243,0 per 1,000 study population. For cases with the illness duration of within 15 days, the initial points of medical entry were diversied ; 56.9%, drug stores ; 30.9%, clinics and hospitals ; 4.6% folk medicine ; 1.7% clinics of Korean oriental medicine. Among the chronic case; with illness duration of over 90 days, 34.6% of these people utilized clinics and hospitals of modern medicine ; 31.6%, drug stores ; 18.6% clinics of Korean oriental medicine ; 6.8% folk medical techniques. Noticeable is the almost ten fold increase from the mere 0.9% in the utilization of Korean oriental medicine, whereas in the utilization of folk medicine, it is short of two-fold increase. 3) Folk medicine and its utilization Households that use folk medicine for relief and care of signs and symptoms commonly encountered in daily life, number 1969 households, which accounts for 76.9% of all the study households. This rather high level use of folk medicine is not different from rural to urban areas. The order of frequency of utilizing folk medicine among the study people are : the highest 14.3% for the relief of indigestion ; 8.6% for burns ; 5.1% for common cold ; 4.7% for hiccough ; and 4.2% for hordeolum. A present various procedures of folk medicine is being used to relieve all kinds of symptoms. 192 symptoms are identified at present. The most frequently used procedures of folk medicine appear to be based either on principles of the Korean oriental medicine or of scientific knowledge. Based on these survey findings, proposals for utilizing folk medicine are as follows First, this survey's findings will be feed back to both on the job training and on the spot guidance of community health practitioners, public health nurses and other peripheral work force in the health field, who are in daily contacts with community. This feed back will assure that the health personnel carry out their health education and information activities that are based on the utilization pattern of folk medicine as found in the survey result. Second, studies will be soon implemented that are designed to measure the efficiency and potency of these procedures and to improve these procedures of folk medicine were most frequently used by the community. Third, studies will continue to systematize medicinal plants and skills of Korean oriental medicine that are easily available at minimal cost in daily life for the prevention of diseases and management of emergency cases.

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Wearable Computers

  • Cho, Gil-Soo;Barfield, Woodrow;Baird, Kevin
    • 섬유기술과 산업
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.490-508
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    • 1998
  • One of the latest fields of research in the area of output devices is tactual display devices [13,31]. These tactual or haptic devices allow the user to receive haptic feedback output from a variety of sources. This allows the user to actually feel virtual objects and manipulate them by touch. This is an emerging technology and will be instrumental in enhancing the realism of wearable augmented environments for certain applications. Tactual displays have previously been used for scientific visualization in virtual environments by chemists and engineers to improve perception and understanding of force fields and of world models populated with the impenetrable. In addition to tactual displays, the use of wearable audio displays that allow sound to be spatialized are being developed. With wearable computers, designers will soon be able to pair spatialized sound to virtual representations of objects when appropriate to make the wearable computer experience even more realistic to the user. Furthermore, as the number and complexity of wearable computing applications continues to grow, there will be increasing needs for systems that are faster, lighter, and have higher resolution displays. Better networking technology will also need to be developed to allow all users of wearable computers to have high bandwidth connections for real time information gathering and collaboration. In addition to the technology advances that make users need to wear computers in everyday life, there is also the desire to have users want to wear their computers. In order to do this, wearable computing needs to be unobtrusive and socially acceptable. By making wearables smaller and lighter, or actually embedding them in clothing, users can conceal them easily and wear them comfortably. The military is currently working on the development of the Personal Information Carrier (PIC) or digital dog tag. The PIC is a small electronic storage device containing medical information about the wearer. While old military dog tags contained only 5 lines of information, the digital tags may contain volumes of multi-media information including medical history, X-rays, and cardiograms. Using hand held devices in the field, medics would be able to call this information up in real time for better treatment. A fully functional transmittable device is still years off, but this technology once developed in the military, could be adapted tp civilian users and provide ant information, medical or otherwise, in a portable, not obstructive, and fashionable way. Another future device that could increase safety and well being of its users is the nose on-a-chip developed by the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee. This tiny digital silicon chip about the size of a dime, is capable of 'smelling' natural gas leaks in stoves, heaters, and other appliances. It can also detect dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. This device can also be configured to notify the fire department when a leak is detected. This nose chip should be commercially available within 2 years, and is inexpensive, requires low power, and is very sensitive. Along with gas detection capabilities, this device may someday also be configured to detect smoke and other harmful gases. By embedding this chip into workers uniforms, name tags, etc., this could be a lifesaving computational accessory. In addition to the future safety technology soon to be available as accessories are devices that are for entertainment and security. The LCI computer group is developing a Smartpen, that electronically verifies a user's signature. With the increase in credit card use and the rise in forgeries, is the need for commercial industries to constantly verify signatures. This Smartpen writes like a normal pen but uses sensors to detect the motion of the pen as the user signs their name to authenticate the signature. This computational accessory should be available in 1999, and would bring increased peace of mind to consumers and vendors alike. In the entertainment domain, Panasonic is creating the first portable hand-held DVD player. This device weight less than 3 pounds and has a screen about 6' across. The color LCD has the same 16:9 aspect ratio of a cinema screen and supports a high resolution of 280,000 pixels and stereo sound. The player can play standard DVD movies and has a hour battery life for mobile use. To summarize, in this paper we presented concepts related to the design and use of wearable computers with extensions to smart spaces. For some time, researchers in telerobotics have used computer graphics to enhance remote scenes. Recent advances in augmented reality displays make it possible to enhance the user's local environment with 'information'. As shown in this paper, there are many application areas for this technology such as medicine, manufacturing, training, and recreation. Wearable computers allow a much closer association of information with the user. By embedding sensors in the wearable to allow it to see what the user sees, hear what the user hears, sense the user's physical state, and analyze what the user is typing, an intelligent agent may be able to analyze what the user is doing and try to predict the resources he will need next or in the near future. Using this information, the agent may download files, reserve communications bandwidth, post reminders, or automatically send updates to colleagues to help facilitate the user's daily interactions. This intelligent wearable computer would be able to act as a personal assistant, who is always around, knows the user's personal preferences and tastes, and tries to streamline interactions with the rest of the world.

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Variation of Hospital Costs and Product Heterogeneity

  • Shin, Young-Soo
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.123-127
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    • 1978
  • The major objective of this research is to identify those hospital characteristics that best explain cost variation among hospitals and to formulate linear models that can predict hospital costs. Specific emphasis is placed on hospital output, that is, the identification of diagnosis related patient groups (DRGs) which are medically meaningful and demonstrate similar patterns of hospital resource consumption. A casemix index is developed based on the DRGs identified. Considering the common problems encountered in previous hospital cost research, the following study requirements are estab-lished for fulfilling the objectives of this research: 1. Selection of hospitals that exercise similar medical and fiscal practices. 2. Identification of an appropriate data collection mechanism in which demographic and medical characteristics of individual patients as well as accurate and comparable cost information can be derived. 3. Development of a patient classification system in which all the patients treated in hospitals are able to be split into mutually exclusive categories with consistent and stable patterns of resource consumption. 4. Development of a cost finding mechanism through which patient groups' costs can be made comparable across hospitals. A data set of Medicare patients prepared by the Social Security Administration was selected for the study analysis. The data set contained 27,229 record abstracts of Medicare patients discharged from all but one short-term general hospital in Connecticut during the period from January 1, 1971, to December 31, 1972. Each record abstract contained demographic and diagnostic information, as well as charges for specific medical services received. The 'AUT-OGRP System' was used to generate 198 DRGs in which the entire range of Medicare patients were split into mutually exclusive categories, each of which shows a consistent and stable pattern of resource consumption. The 'Departmental Method' was used to generate cost information for the groups of Medicare patients that would be comparable across hospitals. To fulfill the study objectives, an extensive analysis was conducted in the following areas: 1. Analysis of DRGs: in which the level of resource use of each DRG was determined, the length of stay or death rate of each DRG in relation to resource use was characterized, and underlying patterns of the relationships among DRG costs were explained. 2. Exploration of resource use profiles of hospitals; in which the magnitude of differences in the resource uses or death rates incurred in the treatment of Medicare patients among the study hospitals was explored. 3. Casemix analysis; in which four types of casemix-related indices were generated, and the significance of these indices in the explanation of hospital costs was examined. 4. Formulation of linear models to predict hospital costs of Medicare patients; in which nine independent variables (i. e., casemix index, hospital size, complexity of service, teaching activity, location, casemix-adjusted death. rate index, occupancy rate, and casemix-adjusted length of stay index) were used for determining factors in hospital costs. Results from the study analysis indicated that: 1. The system of 198 DRGs for Medicare patient classification was demonstrated not only as a strong tool for determining the pattern of hospital resource utilization of Medicare patients, but also for categorizing patients by their severity of illness. 2. The wei틴fed mean total case cost (TOTC) of the study hospitals for Medicare patients during the study years was $11,27.02 with a standard deviation of $117.20. The hospital with the highest average TOTC ($1538.15) was 2.08 times more expensive than the hospital with the lowest average TOTC ($743.45). The weighted mean per diem total cost (DTOC) of the study hospitals for Medicare patients during the sutdy years was $107.98 with a standard deviation of $15.18. The hospital with the highest average DTOC ($147.23) was 1.87 times more expensive than the hospital with the lowest average DTOC ($78.49). 3. The linear models for each of the six types of hospital costs were formulated using the casemix index and the eight other hospital variables as the determinants. These models explained variance to the extent of 68.7 percent of total case cost (TOTC), 63.5 percent of room and board cost (RMC), 66.2 percent of total ancillary service cost (TANC), 66.3 percent of per diem total cost (DTOC), 56.9 percent of per diem room and board cost (DRMC), and 65.5 percent of per diem ancillary service cost (DTANC). The casemix index alone explained approximately one half of interhospital cost variation: 59.1 percent for TOTC and 44.3 percent for DTOC. Thsee results demonstrate that the casemix index is the most importand determinant of interhospital cost variation Future research and policy implications in regard to the results of this study is envisioned in the following three areas: 1. Utilization of casemix related indices in the Medicare data systems. 2. Refinement of data for hospital cost evaluation. 3. Development of a system for reimbursement and cost control in hospitals.

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DNR에 대한 간호사의 인식 및 태도조사 (Nurses' Understanding and Attitude on DNR)

  • 한성숙;정순아;문미선;한미현;고규희
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.403-414
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    • 2001
  • The study was intended to identify the nurses' experiences, understanding, and attitudes on DNR. Also, the study was to provide the data base for a standard of DNR decision-making and practice. The sample consisted of 347 nurses in eight general hospitals. The data were collected between August 1 and August 31, 2000. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and $x^2-test$. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Regarding DNR-related experience, 74.6 percent of the participants experienced DNR situations. Eleven percent of the participants received DNR education. DNR was most frequently (81.5%) requested by family members and relatives of patients. The decision-making on DNR was most frequently (76.8%) made by agreement between family members and medical staff. The DNR order was recorded at 81.9 percent on charts. Problems after DNR order were negligence in treatment and nursing care (30.6%) and guilty feelings due to doing the best (22.1%). CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) was performed about 49.8 percent of DNR cases. 2. Regarding understanding and attitude on DNR, most of the participants (93.1%) thought DNR was necessary. The major reasons for the necessity of DNR were impossible recovery (44.4%) and death with dignity (41.1%). The decision-making on DNR was most frequently made by patient and family members (47.8%) and followed by agreement between family members and medical staff (25.6%), and patients themselves (16.4%). Most of the participants thought that medical staff must explain DNR to critical and end-of-life patients and their family members. Forty four percent of the participants thought that the most appropriate time for DNR explanation was when patients with critical disease were admitted to hospitals. Most of the participants (90.2%) thought a guide book for DNR is necessary to be made in hospitals. 3. There were significant differences in the participants' understanding and attitudes on DNR according to religion career education and experience of DNR. Of the participants those who have religions and education experience on DNR thought that there would be more DNR requests after DNR is explained to patients and family members (p<.05). In addition, there was higher understanding on the necessity of DNR in those who have more career and DNR experience(p<.01). The findings of the study suggest that a guide book for DNR need to be made with inclusion of legal, ethical, and cultural aspects. Also, there needs to be more education on DNR in medical ethics to health care professional and to provide more information on DNR to the general public.

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Functional outcome predictors following mandibular reconstruction with osteocutaneous fibula free flaps: correlating early postoperative videofluoroscopic swallow studies with long-term clinical results

  • Gonzalez, Santiago R.;Hobbs, Bradley;Vural, Emre;Moreno, Mauricio A.
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제41권
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    • pp.30.1-30.8
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    • 2019
  • Background: Advancements in the field of microvascular surgery and the widespread adoption of microvascular surgical techniques have made the use of osteocutaneous fibula free flaps the standard of care in the surgical management of segmental mandibular defects. Although the literature possesses abundant evidence to support the effectiveness of fibula free flaps as a reconstructive method, there are relatively few studies reporting on outcomes as objectively measured by videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS). The purpose of this study is to explore the potential correlation between early postoperative VFSS and the long-term swallowing outcomes in patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flaps. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 36 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with osteocutaneous fibular free flaps between 2009 and 2012. Demographics, clinical variables, VFSS data, and diet information were retrieved. Penetration and aspiration findings on VFSS, long-term oral feeding ability, and the need for gastrostomy tube were statistical endpoints correlated with postoperative clinical outcomes. Results: Thirty-six patients were reviewed (15 females and 21 males) with a mean age of 54 years (7-81). Seventeen cases were treated for malignancy. The size of the bony defect ranged from 3 to 15 cm (mean = 9 cm). The cutaneous paddle, a surrogate for soft tissue defect, ranged from 10 to 125 ㎠ (mean = 52 ㎠). A gastrostomy tube was present in patients preoperatively (n = 8), and postoperatively (n = 14). Seventeen patients had neoadjuvant exposure to radiation. Postoperative VFSS showed penetration in 13 cases (36%) and aspiration in seven (19%). Overall, 29 patients (80.6%) achieved unrestricted diet, and this was statistically correlated with age (p = 0.037), radiation therapy (p = 0.002), and preoperative gastrostomy tube (p = 0.03). The presence of penetration or aspiration on VFSS was a strong predictor for long-term unrestricted oral diet (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Early postoperative VFSS is an excellent predictor for long-term swallowing outcomes in patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with osteocutaneous fibula free flaps.

스마트 헬스케어 시스템의 보안성 품질평가 방법에 대한 연구 (Study on the Methods of Security and Quality Evaluation of smart Healthcare System)

  • 양효식
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제15권11호
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2017
  • 최근 헬스케어 산업이 사물인터넷(Internet of Thing) 기술과 결합한 스마트 헬스케어 산업이 주목을 받고 있다. 스마트 헬스케어란 애플리케이션, 웨어러블 기기, 플랫폼 등 정보통신 기술은 기반으로 한 건강관리 및 의료 서비스를 말한다. 스마트 헬스케어 산업은 차세대 산업분야인 6T 중 가장 활발한 IT(Information Technology)와 BT(Bio Technology)간의 결합으로 차세대 스마트 헬스케어 기기들이 늘어나고 있다. 다양한 스마트 헬스케어 기기들이 나타남에 따라 스마트 헬스케어 시스템이 다른 유기적 연동 여부와 보안성 품질 여부가 중요한 평가요소가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해 스마트 헬스케어 시스템의 특성 및 서비스 유형을 조사하고 스마트 헬스케어 시스템의 기술 및 산업 동향을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 스마트 헬스케어 시스템 평가 요구사항을 도출하여 스마트 헬스케어 시스템의 보안성 평가방법과 품질평가기준을 개발하고자 한다. 이는 스마트 헬스케어 시스템의 품질 향상 및 신뢰도 높은 제품 개발을 유도 할 수 있으며, 기술보호 장벽에 대처 할 수 있는 핵심기술로 기대된다.