• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.69-84
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• 2001

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between self-concept and clothing behavior of elementary school children. For this purpose. 301 third and sixth graders two schools in Daegu-city were sampled. The \`Test of Self-Concept\` and \`Questionnaire on the Clothing Behavior\` were administered purpose of this study. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC Windows programs according to the research issues. Means and standard deviations were calculated and a three-way analysis of variance was applied to analyze the effects of grades, sex(gender) and self-concept on the clothing behavior. The major results of this study were as follows: 1. It was found that the mean score of the clothing behavior was significantly different depending the level of self-concept (group). The mean scores of manageability. psychological dependency interest and conformity of the high self-concept. group were significantly higher than those of the low self-concept group. But. there was no significant difference between the high and low self-concept groups in the mean score of comformity. 2. There were statistically significant differences between the sex of children in the mean score of the clothing behavior. It was found that the mean score of manageability, psychological dependency and interest of the female students were significantly higher than those of the male students. However the mean score of the comfortability of male students was significantly higher than that of the female students. In the meantime there was no significant difference between the sex of students in the mean score of comformity. 3. There were statistically significant differences in the mean score of the clothing behavior according to the graders of children . It was found that the mean scores of manageability, psychological dependency, interest and comfortability of the third graders were significantly higher those that of the sixth graders. But, there was no significant difference depending the grades of students in the mean score of conformity. 4. There were statistically significant interaction effects between the sex and the grade of children on the mean score of interest and comfortability. It was found that the mean score of interest of male third graders was higher than that of male sixth graders. The mean score of comfortability of the female third graders higher than that of sixth graders.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe perceived conception of health, family support and health Promoting behavior; as well as to assess factors that influence health promoting behavior. Method: Study participants were 165 elderly people over the age of 65, living in C city. The instruments were Laffery's health concept scale, the family support scale by Kang, and the health promoting behavior scale by Walker et al. Results : 1. The scores for level of health concept ranged from 28 to 112, and had a mean score of 75.16. The scores for level of family support ranged from 11 to 55, and had a mean score of 41.55. The scores for health promoting behavior ranged from 40 to 160 with mean score of 98.07. For health promoting behavior the participants revealed that the most frequent practices were in nutrition, and the least frequent, in exercise. 2 Higher levels of health conception and family support were correlated with an improving level of health promoting behavior. 3. The factor most influencing health promoting behavior in elderly people was family support. Family support accounted for 11% of the variance in health promoting behavior. A combination of health conception, education level and dwelling pattern accounted for 23% of the variance in health promoting behavior. Conclusion : Perceived health conception and family support were identified as important variables for health promoting behavior in elderly people.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.321-331
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe perceived family support, life satisfaction, and health promoting behavior (HPB), and to identify factors influencing HPB among the elderly. Method: Study participants were 165 elderly over 65 years of age who were living in C city, Korea. The instruments included the Family Support Scale developed by Kang, Life Satisfaction Scale developed by Choi, Health Promoting Behavior Scale designed by Walker, et al. The data were analyzed using the SAS program by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: 1. The scores for family support ranged from 11 to 55, with a mean score of 41.55. The scores for life satisfaction ranged from 0 to 40, with a mean of 22.02. The scores for HPB ranged from 40 to 160 with a mean score of 98.07. In the sub-dimensions of HPB, the participants showed the highest level of engagement in the nutrition domain, and the lowest level of engagement in the exercise domain. 2. Higher levels of family support and life satisfaction were correlated with more engagement in HPB. 3. The most influencing factor on HPB in the elderly was family support. accounting for 11% of the total variance in HPB. A combination of education level and types of living patterns accounted for 18% of the total variance in HPB. Life satisfaction accounted for 14% of the self-actualization domain, and 5% of the stress management domain, in the sub-dimensions of HPB. Conclusion: Perceived family support was identified as an important factor to predict HPB in the elderly. However, life satisfaction was identified as only partially influencing HPB among the elderly.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.474-481
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• 2008

Scanning worm increases network traffic load and result in severe network congestion because it is a self-replicating worm and send copies of itself to a number of hosts through the Internet. So an early detection system which can automatically detect scanning worms is needed to protect network from those attacks. Although many studies are conducted to detect scanning worms, most of them are focusing on the method using packet header information. The method using packet header information has long detection delay since it must examine the header information of all packets entering or leaving the network. Therefore we propose an algorithm to detect scanning worms using network traffic characteristics such as variance of traffic volume, differentiated traffic volume, mean of differentiated traffic volume, and product of mean traffic volume and mean of differentiated traffic volume. We verified the proposed algorithm by analyzing the normal traffic captured in the real network and the worm traffic generated by simulator. The proposed algorithm can detect CodeRed and Slammer which are not detected by existing algorithm. In addition, all worms were detected in early stage: Slammer was detected in 4 seconds and CodeRed and Witty were detected in 11 seconds.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.222-233
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between existential spiritual well-being, hope and self-empowerment in middle aged women. The subjects were 190 women who lived in Taegu, Korea and ranged in age from 35 to 59. The data was collected during the period from October 2nd to October 18th, 2002. The instruments were the revised existential spiritual well-being scale developed by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982), hope scale developed hope scale developed Nowotny(1989) and empowerment scale by Spreitzer(1995). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Mean score of existential spiritual well-being was 4.18. Mean score of hope was 2.80. Mean score of empowerment was 3.73. 2. The score of existential spiritual well-being showed significantly positive correlation with the score of hope(r=.508, P=.000), self-empowerment(r=.458, P=.000). 3. There were significant differences in existential spiritual well-being according to age, presence of religion, leisure time activity. 4. There were significant differences in hope according to leisure time activity. 5. The most powerful predictor of existential spiritual well-being was hope and the variance explained was 25.8%. A combination of competence, leisure time activity, meaning, impact for 37.2% of the variance in existential spiritual well-being of middle aged women. Further studies need to be done to identify the effect of competence through the repeated studies and to develop a hope promoting program which can cause positive effects on a existential spiritual well-being.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the structural relationship of nursing students' performance related to nosocomial infection control (NIC). Method: Data was collected by using a questionnaire completed by 238 nursing students of three nursing colleges in Suwon, Sokcho. Results: The mean score of performance related to NIC was 3.86. The highest mean score of performance related to NIC was 4.18 (${\pm}0.91$) for 'hand washing' and the lowest mean score was 3.56 (${\pm}1.08$) for 'respiratory system'. In prediction of the intention of nursing students' on NIC, the attitude, the subjective norm, and the perceived behavior control(PBC) of TPB resulted in statistically significant influencing factors (p<0.050). These three variables explained 47.6% of the total variance of the intention of nursing students' on NIC. In predicting the performance related to NIC, the PBC resulted in the direct and main influencing factor of nursing students' performance related to NIC (p<0.010). Intention was not a significant determinant. These two variables explained 13.2% of total variance of the performance related to NIC. Conclusion: This study shows the TPB model's applicability in explaining performance related to NIC of nursing students and highlights the importance of PBC for strategies to enhance performance related to NIC in nursing students.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to understand health-promoting behavior of client visiting health-promoting center, to identify the major subscales affecting performance in health promoting behavior to facilitate nursing intervention for health promoting of this population and to test Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects for this study were 177 sampled among clients from health-promoting center in General Hospital at Teajon. Data was collected by self-reported questionnaires from February 11 to May 22, 1998. Analysis of the data was done by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise multiple regrssion using SPSS-PC. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of performance in the health-promoting behavior was 109.22 and range was 71 to 170. The subscale of the highest mean score was self-actualization(30.77) and the subscale of the lowest mean score was exercise(10.50). 2. The most important variable in the health promoting behavior was the perceived self-efficacy. The perceived self-efficacy explained 15.8% of the variance in health promoting behavior. The combination of perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers, religion, perceived benefits, perceived symptom, and age explained 43.5% of the variance in health promoting behavior. 3. In the relationships between individual characteristics and experience and health promoting behavior, age, religion, the significant differences in the subscale of the health promoting behavior ; sex, educational state, previous occupation, monthly income, marrital state, perceived symptom, and visiting plan of health-promoting center. 4. The health promoting behavior was statistically significant correlated with perceived benefits, perceived barriers, affect related to action, and perceived self-efficacy.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.39-56
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• 2021

Many researches have been done on portfolio optimization since Markowitz (1952) published a diversified investment model. Markowitz's mean-variance portfolio optimization problem is established under the assumption that the distribution of returns follows a normal distribution. However, in real life, the distribution of returns does not follow a normal distribution, and variance is not a robust statistic as it is heavily influenced by outliers. To overcome these potential issues, mean-shortfall portfolio model was proposed that utilized downside risk, shortfall, as a risk index. In this paper, we propose a perturbation method that uses the shortfall as a risk index of the portfolio. The proposed portfolio utilizes an adaptive Lasso to obtain a sparse and stable asset selection because it can reduce management and transaction costs. The proposed optimization is easily applicable as it can be computed using an efficient linear programming. In our real data analysis, we show the validity of the proposed perturbation method.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2021

The problem of determining the maintenance point which minimizes the process-related total cost is called the 'process mean shift problem'. By expanding and integrating the existing maintenance models that have been partially progressed, we present a expanded and integrated maintenance model which reflects the production site where various situations occur. To implement this, we set both the upper and lower limits of the product specification, and adopted the quality loss function for conforming items. Also, we set the process variance of the wear level as a function rather than a constant. In this study, we developed two general functions to the wear level. One is about the production volume and the other is maintenance cost. As a result, this study is expected to be a maintenance model that can be applied to various processes. In the future, this study can be developed as a profit maximization model by adding profit items from product sales, and expansion to a maintenance model that introduces failure to the model of this study can be considered.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.114-125
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• 2003

This paper proposes multivariate process capability indices (PCIs) for skewed populations using $T^2$rand modified process region approaches. The proposed methods are based on the multivariate version of a weighted standard deviation method which adjusts the variance-covariance matrix of quality characteristics and approximates the probability density function using several multivariate Journal distributions with the adjusted variance-covariance matrix. Performance of the proposed PCIs is investigated using Monte Carlo simulation, and finite sample properties of the estimators are studied by means of relative bias and mean square error.