• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.433-441
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to identify effects of pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamic changes of hypertensive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy under general anesthesia. Methods: Data collection was done from January 2 to June 10, 2008. Seventy-six patients, including 38 hypertensive patients, who had taken antihypertensive drugs more than 1 month and 38 normotensive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy were enrolled in this study. The hemodynamic parameters were heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) which were measured 7 times from before induction of anesthesia to 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum. Collected data were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni comparison method. Results: HR in the hypertensive group was significantly decreased at deflation of the pneumoperitoneum and 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum (p=.012). MAP in the hypertensive group was not different from the normotensive group (p=.756). CO in hypertensive group was significantly lower than normotensive group (p<.001) from immediately after pneumoperitoneum to 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum. Conclusion: The results indicate that pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery does not lead to clinically negative hemodynamic changes in heart rate, mean arterial pressure or cardiac output of hypertensive patients, who have taken antihypertensive drugs for more than 1 month.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.507-513
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• 2002

Jaeumgenby-tang(JGT) have been used in oriental medicine for many centries as a a therapeutic agent of vertigo caused by deficiency of qi and blood. The effects of JGT on the regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) and cardiac muscle contractile force(CMF) is not known. The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of JGT on the rCBF, MABP, CMF and mechanism of JGT induced changed rCBF, MABP, CMF. The changes of rCBF, MABP and CMF were determinated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF). The results were as follows; JGT extract was increased rCBF, MABP and CMF in a dose-dependent, specially JGT extract was significantly increased rCBF and MABP. Pretreatment with propranolol was significantly inhibited JGT induced increase of rCBF but pretreatment with indomethacin and methylene blue were accelerated JGT induced increase of rCBF. Pretreatment with propranolol and indomethacin were inhibited JGT induced increase of MABP, but pretreatment with methylene blue was accelerated JGT induced increase of MABP. Pretreatment with propranolol was significantly inhibited JGT induced increase of CMF but pretreatment with indomethacin and methylene blue were accelerated JGT induced increase of CMF. This results suggest that JGT increased rCBF by increasing MABP and CMF and the action of JGT is mediated by adrenergic β-receptor.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.224-228
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• 2003

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture at some acupoint combinations on the cardiovascular system, especially on blood pressure. Electroacupuncture at acupoint combinations of CV2O(+)/GV-16(-),4(+)/GV16(-), KI1(+)/GV20(-), and HT9(+)/GV16(-) did not changed heart rates and blood pressure, but stimulation of HT1(+)/HT7(-) Increased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure significantly in dogs anesthetized with tiletamine/zolazepam.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.190-200
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine influences by the order, Reduction and Reinforcement in Acupuncture on cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)] in normal rats. Methods: This experiments was to to investigate eath other changes of rCBF and MABP at Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reduction, Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reinforcement, Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction and Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture. Results: 1. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF and MABP in compared with normal condition. 2. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly decreased rCBF, and was decreased MABP in compared with normal condition. 3. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF during acupuncture but was recovered rCBF after with-drawing of the neddle. 4. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture and after withdrawing of the neddle. 5. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly increased rCBF during acupuncture and 30min after withdrawing of the neddle. 6. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture, but was recovered MABP after withdrawing of the neddle. Conclusions: I suggested that LR2 HT8 Reduction in Acupuncture and LR2 HT8 Reinforcement in Acupuncture cause a diverse response of cerebral hemodynas.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2013

Objectives The present study was designed to investigate the effects of bee venom extract pharmacopunctureon (BVP) at 肩井 (GB21) on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and further to determine the mechanisms. Methods We purchased rats about 300g and prepared diluted BVP with normal saline. And we injected diluted BVP to rats gradually progressed from 0.001 mg/kg to 0.1 mg/kg at corresponding region to GB21. After injection, we measured the changes in rCBF and MABP of rats. In addition, to determine the mechanisms of this changes, we did the same experiments twice more after pretreatment with indomethacin and metylene blue separately. Results BVP significantly increased rCBF but decreased MABP, suggesting that BVP potently may increase rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Furthermore, the increase of BVP-induced rCBF and the decrease of BVP-induced MABP were significantly blocked by pretreatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). But the increase of BVP-induced rCBF and the decrease of BVP-induced MABP were not blocked by pretreatment with guanylate cyclase inhibitor, methylene blue (0.01 mg/kg, i.p.). Conclusions These findings indicate that the action of BVP is mediated by cyclooxygenase. Furthermore these results suggest that BVP can increase rCBF in normal state, as well as improve the stability of rCBF in ischemic state.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.575-580
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• 2006

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen and Bamboo Extract on the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. Experimental materials were as follows ; BE- 1 was Bamboo Extract (BE) extracted with 70% ethyl alcohol, BE-11 was BE extracted with distilled water at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, BE-111 was BE extracted with distilled water at $121^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs, MLC was mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen (BCL) and BE-111 mixed at the ratio of 1 to 100 (MLC100), 1 to 50 (MLC50), 1 to 20 (MLC20), 1 to 10 (MLC10), 1 to 5 (MLC5). The results were as follows , The Changes of BE- 1 on the rCBF and MABP in normal rats were not showed, BE- 11 significantly decreased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner Dut increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. BE-111 increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner, MLC significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner and increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. rCBF was significantly and stably increased by MLC5 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. As results above ; The present author thought that BE- 111 and MLC increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.882-886
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• 2006

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus 5.,M (ASS) on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (BP) in normal rats and ischemic rats. Experimental groups of rCBF and BP in normal and ischemic rats as follows ; ALE was injected ASS leaves 45% ethyl alcohol extract, ASE was injected ASS stems 45% ethyl alcohol extract, ARE was injected ASS roots 45% ethyl alcohol extract. The results were as follows ; In normal rats, ALE and ARE significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner, but ASE significantly decreased rCBF and MABP in a dose-dependent manner, ALE increased MABP In ischemic rats, rCBF was significantly and staDly improved by ARE (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which was contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. From the above results, it was thought that all part of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus $S_{EEM}$ was effective for hemodynamics and especially ARE was more effective than other parts.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1271-1277
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Sagunja-tang Extract & Zingiberis rhizoma recens Juice (SEZJ) and Zingiberis rhizoma recens Juice (ZRJ) on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats. The results were as follows ; SEZJ and ZRJ significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner, while it did not change MABP. This results suggest that SEZJ and ZRJ significantly increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Increase of SEZJ-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue (10 ${\mu}g/kg$, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, and indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. SEZJ-induced MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with indomethacin but was not changed by methylene blue. These results suggested that the action of SEZJ was mediated by cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 1990

Certain oriental medication have been shown to be effective in decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance and increasing cardiac output in primary pulmonary artery pressure secondary to pulmonary edema. So oleic acid was administered in 14 dogs in order to induce acute lung injury. And we studied the hemodynamics and blood gas changes of Pyengpaetang(50mg, 100mg) with continuous postive pressure was ventilation in pulmonary edema. The pulmonary edema group, arterial oxygenation was improved after 5 and $10cmH_2O$ PEEP(positive end expiratory pressure), but cardiovascular system was depressed. Blood pressure and cardiac output were decreased, and CVP, MP AP, PCWP were increased. In Pyengpaetang(50mg) group, mean aortic pressure was decreased and PCWP(pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) was decreased remarkably, while there was a significant increase in cardiac output. And there was improvement in $PaO_2$ and $PaCO_2$ without hemodynamic changes after applying 5cm $H_2O$ PEEP, but arterial blood gases$(PaO_2,\;PaCO_2)$ were improved, while cardiovascular effects were depressed after cm $H_2O$ PEEP. In Pyengpaetang(100mg) treated group, there was no significant hemodynamic change. But mean pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly increased, and cardiac output was decreased significantly after applying the more degree of PEEP. And blood gases were not changed significantly after applying the more degree of PEEP. The above results suggest that the effects of Pyengpaetang(50mg) group is superior to those of Pyengpaetang(100mg) group on the effects of hemodynamics and gas exchanges in acute lung injury in dogs. So we can conclude that lower degree PEEP 5cm $H_2O$ is more beneficial in Pyengpaetang(50mg) treated group.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 1973

The effects of ethanol extacts of aconite root (Aconitum koreanum) on mean arterial pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure, and respiration were investigated and also studied the effect on electrical activation of the hypothalamus in cats. From the present experiment the following results were obtained. 1) On administering 5 mg or 10 mg aconite extracts per kg of body weight, the mean arterial blood pressure declined markedly possibly as the result of negative inotropic and chronotropic effects of aconite. 2) From the enhanced pressor responses to intravenously injected epinephrine, the existance of vasodilatory effect of the aconite was suggested. 3) After administration of aconite extract, no significant differences were observed in the presser responses to carotid occlusion and to electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus. It is, therefore, concluded that the aconite extract exerts no significant effect on the excitability of hypothalamus as well as medullary cardiovascular center of cats. 4) After administration of $5{\sim}10$ mg/kg aconite extracts, respiratory rate was increased while depth of respiration decreased. On the otherhand, respiratory rate was markedly decreased by injection of 20 mg/kg aconite into animal.