• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.438-444
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• 2018

Korea has recently selected twenty-two ports for reinforcement breakwater installation of protection facilities, due to rise sea level caused by global warming and increase in the number of typhoon and tsunami. In addition, due to consistent enlargement of ship size, dredging for depth of water for large vessel's berthing and enlargement of berth is under construction. However, no definite construction plan for the reinforcement and lengthening of crown height, which has close relationship with the safe mooring of ships. In this study, domestic and foreign design criteria of crown height were analyzed, and the crown height evaluation index and evaluation method were developed by dividing it into environment and ship elements. In particular, in the case of ship evaluation index, each step was set up in 4 steps according to domestic and foreign regulations, weighted by each step, and the safety level of crown height was evaluated. As a result of the mooring safety simulation of the 100,000 ton cruise ship, the appropriate minimum crown height standard was derived to be 3 m above A.H.H.W. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to propose the crown height standard reflecting ship characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 2021

When oil tankers, large passenger ships and cargo ships sink under the sea owing to various maritime accidents, the residual cargo oil or fuel oil in the such vessels could pose direct risk to factor for the marine environment and it require safe and rapid removal. Although domestic and foreign salvage companies are adopting various recovery methods and technologies with customizations according to each site during recovery operations studies on reasonable assessment modules for the operation process are relatively insufficient. In this study, the data from trapped-oil recovery operations performed at different site conditions were collected and analyzed in order to designed an operation assessment module, define the operational process steps in terms of preparation, implementation and completion, and derive key factors for each detailed process. Subsequently, the module was designed in such a way as to construct performance indicators to assess these key factors. In order to exclude subjective opinions from the assessment as much as possible, the assessment each item was constructed with indicators based on data that could be evaluated quantitatively and its usefulness was verified by applying the module to the trapped-oil recovery operation cases. We expect this the method and the technology assessment module for the trapped-oil recovery operation on sunken vessels will help to verify the adequacy of the trapped-oil recovery such operation before or after. Furthermore, it is expected that the continuous accumulation of assessment data and feedback from past or future operation cases will contribute toward enhancing the overall safety, efficiency and field applicability of trapped-oil recovery operation.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2022

In this study, ship movement simulation was performed based on a marine physics model for the ancient port presumed under the past environmental conditions in the coastal area of Hwaseong, which played an important role as a center of trade in the Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla periods. The paleo topographical surface was reconstructed through the analysis of borehole sediments, and the paleo coastline was extracted through the geomorphological maps published during before independence. Based on the established paleo environmental conditions of the Hwaseong coast, the marine physics model (FVCOM) was used to simulate the flow of surface currents and the route of floating materials assumed to be ancient ships. As a result, the processes of moving ships from the port to the open sea in the Eunsupo area, which is estimated location of the ancient port related to Dangseong, was well simulated, and thus the reliability of the location of the ancient port estimated by the scientific method was secured. This study is significant as a result of convergence research that encompasses archeology, history, geomorpology, geology, and oceanography.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.507-514
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• 2022

Jinhae Bay is used as a major typhoon shelter in the southeastern region of Korea. However, when a typhoon strikes, the Jinhae Bay is facing the possibility of marine accidents caused by dragging anchors and the increased number of ships. This paper suggested ways to safely and efficiently manage the port of Jinhae Bay when a typhoon strikes from Vessel traffic service operators in the sea, derived relative importance by conducting an Analytic Hierarchy Process assessment to ship operators, and suggested safety measures reflecting manager and user opinions. In order to select safety measures factors for the AHP survey, VTS operators analyzed the evaluation of measures when a typhoon strikes in Jinhae Bay. As a result of conducting a survey based on the selected safety measure factors, it was found that ship operators consider the safety of ships more than twice as important as efficient management, and comprehensively consider them in the order of management of evacuated ships, management of anchorage area, management of evacuation information, preparation regulations and guidelines, improvement of system equipment, education, publicity, and notification activities. Through the measures and relative importance identified in this paper, it is believed that Jinhae Bay can serve as the basis for safely and efficiently managing typhoon shelters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1023-1035
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• 2022

In the current situation where clearly the ship officer is avoiding boarding, the purpose of this study is to investigate the satisfaction of onboard training in shipping companies during the COVID-19 situation and to suggest plans to improve onboard training. Furthermore, by improving satisfaction, students of maritime university can improve their career awareness as a ship officer in the future. The survey was conducted with the cadets of Mokpo Maritime University after completion of onboard training in shipping companies. The questionnaire contains seven factors: education administration, education contents, officer, facility, education ef ect, education satisfaction and career awareness. The survey analysis results indicated that the satisfaction with education administration and education effect was relatively low, and the satisfaction differed by gender and vessel type. In addition, hypothesis verification revealed that the education contents did not have a positive effect on education satisfaction and career awareness. Furthermore, a great correlation existed between education satisfaction and career awareness. We suggested that education and promotion must be improved before onboard training. In addition, the officer must be educated on the method to teach cadets and establish a training plan such that the officer can systematically guide the cadets with an educator mindset.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1238-1243
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• 2022

The International Maritime Organization is at the forefront of strengthening gas emission regulations for ships globally. The Korean government needs to apply measures to reduce emissions, such as setting a basic roadmap for greenhouse gas reduction. In addition, there is an urgent need to introduce a new efficient propulsion system that can reduce gas emissions. This includes applications to fishing vessels, which account for 90.6% of the greenhouse gas emissions from ships sailing along domestic coasts. In this study, an electric-combined propulsion system applicable to domestic coastal fishing vessels was developed. The target ship to which the electric-combined propulsion system could be applied was selected. A simulation system was constructed using MATLAB/Simulink to compare the expected fuel consumption when applying the developed complex electric propulsion system to the propulsion system mounted on the selected target fishing vessel. Through simulations, the differences in fuel consumption between the mechanical propulsion system and the electric hybrid propulsion system (both when charging and not charging the battery on land) were confirmed. The results show that fuel consumption can be decreased by approximately 13% and 16% when applying the electric-combined propulsion system.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.149-163
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• 2016

Seafarers are an essential resource in maritime industries, which provide navigation skills, vessel maneuvering skills and fishing skills in the fishery industry. They also work as a driving force in pilotage, port operation, vessel traffic service, and marine safety. Other areas in maritime services, which rely on seafarer include safety management of ships, supervisory activities, and maritime accident assessment. In these ways, Korean seafarers have contributed to the growth of Korean economy. However, there have been issues of high separation rate, shortage of supply, multi-nationality, multiplicity of culture caused by employment of foreign seafarers, and aging. The present paper finds that maritime officers and fishery officers demonstrate differences in the statistics of on-board job taking and separation: the separation rate of fishery officers is higher than that of maritime officers. The existing data and statistics by the Korea Seafarer's Welfare & Employment Center could be improved by changing its structure from time series to panel data. The Korea Seafarer's Welfare & Employment Center is the ideal institution for collecting the panel data, as it has already accumulated and published relevant statistics regarding seafarer. The basic design method of the panel data is to adopt and improve it by including the information on ratings of maritime and fishery industries, ranks in a ship, personal information, family life, and career goal. Panel data are useful in short- and long-term forecasts of supply of Korean seafarers; demand evaluation of education, training, and reeducation of the seafarers; demographical dynamic analysis on Korean seafarers; inducement policy of long-term on board job taking in harmony with man-power demands in marine industries such as pilotage service; implementation of job attractiveness policy on Korean seafarers; and employment stabilization of Korean seafarers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2021

In order to collect basic data for the improvement of fishing systems in coastal improved stow net fishery, a questionnaire survey and on-site hearing were conducted from May 10 to June 11, 2019 on the basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery and safety accidents that occurred during fishing operation. The questionnaire for the survey on the actual conditions of coastal improved stow net fishery consisted of a survey on basic matters (six questions) and a questionnaire (six questions) on safety accidents occurring during fishing operation. The results of the survey on basic items were analyzed by region (Incheon, Seocheon, Gunsan and Mokpo), by the captain's age (less than 50 years of age, 50 to 60 years and more than 60 years of age), by the captain's career (less than 20 years, 20 to 30 years, 30 to 40 years and more than 40 years) and by the age of fishing vessel (less than 10 years, 10 to 20 years and more than 20 years). According to the survey on basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery such as the captain's age, the captain's career, the age of fishing vessel, the fishing nets in use, the crews on board and the operation days per voyage by region, the average captain's age was 55.7 years, the average captain's career was 20.5 years, the average age of fishing vessels was 9.0 years, the average numbers of nets used by fishing boats was 14.0 sets, the average numbers of crew on board a fishing boat was 4.4 persons and the average numbers of operation days per voyage was 4.9 days (p < 0.05). As a result of the survey on safety factors during fishing operations, such as experience of ship accidents, major causes of ship accidents experienced, causes of ship accidents (first priority), experience of human accidents, major causes of human accidents, and causes of human accidents (first priority), more than 96% of the respondents experienced ship accidents including collisions with other vessels or fishing gear during fishing operations. The most significant cause of the accident was the other's fishing gear installed in the fishing grounds. The first possible causes of ship accidents during fishing operations were found to be other fishing gear installed in fishing grounds, steering or engine failure, and inability to avoid accidents during casting and hauling nets. The survey of the experience of human accidents, such as injuries or sea falls, showed that more than 90% of the respondents experienced human accidents during fishing operations. The most important cause of accidents experienced during fishing operations was stucked in a fishing gear during casting and hauling nets. The first important causes of accidents during fishing operations were movement of the fishing gear during casting and hauling nets, damage of the fishing gear such as rope cutting. The results are expected to be provided as a basic data to prevent safety accidents occurring during fishing operation and improve the fishing system in the coastal improved stow net fishery.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.323-330
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• 2016

Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) was launched in 2010 with three payloads that include Ka-band communication payload developed by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) and Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI). This study introduces a real-time remote vessel monitoring system built in the Socheongcho Ocean Research Station using the Ka-band communication satellite. The system is composed of three steps; real-time data collection, transmission, and processing/visualization. We describe hardware (H/W) and software systems (S/W) installed to perform each step and the whole procedure that made the raw data become vessel information for a real-time ocean surveillance. In addition, we address functional requirements of H/W and S/W and the important considerations for successful operation of the system. The system is now successfully providing, in near real-time, ship information over a VHF range using AIS data collected in the station. The system is expected to support a rapid and effective surveillance over a huge oceanic area. We hope that the concept of the system can be fully used for real-time maritime surveillance using communication satellite in future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.232-233
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• 2017

In this research, tunnel stern was applied on the asymmetric high-speed catamaran to evaluate vessel's hydrodynamic performance by numerical method, and the tunnel stern types are distinguished by angle of inclination of tunnel exit region into 3cases ($0^{\circ}$, $3^{\circ}$ and $6^{\circ}$). Consequently, it is confirmed that the total resistances of tunnel stern which have $0^{\circ}$ of inclination are lower about 4.8-17.9% than the bare hull in the wide speed range, but those of $3^{\circ}$ and $6^{\circ}$ of inclination tunnel stern are higher than bare hull about 5-14% and 5-29%, respectively. On the other hand, trim angles of $0^{\circ}$ of inclination tunnel stern show similar trend with those of bare hull in whole ranges of FnV but those of $3^{\circ}$ and $6^{\circ}$ of inclination tunnel stern are stabilized and declined respectively after FnV=1.54. These phenomena indicated that increasing angle of inclination of tunnel exit region had negative influence on resistance performance, however, it could make vessel's operation performance better than bare hull.