• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.173-176
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• 2004

Three phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid (1), methyl rosmarinate (2), ethyl rosmarinate (3), and two flavonoids, luteolin (4), luteolin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronide methyl ester (5) were isolated from the aerial part of Lycopus lucidus (Labiatae). Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral analysis. Compounds 1-5 exhibited potent antioxidative activity on the NBT superoxide scavenging assay. The $IC_{50}$ values for compounds 1-5 were 2.59, 1.42, 0.78, 2.83, and 3.05 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL respectively. In addition, five compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.153-157
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• 1998

The aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Ailanthus altissima was found to contain the new natural product, $luteolin\;7-O-{\beta}-(6"-galloylglucopyranoside)$, 13, along with fourteen known phenolic metabolites (1-12, 14 and 15). Structures of all compounds (1-15) were established by conventional methods of analysis and confirmed by FAB-MS, $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$ spectral analysis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.842-850
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• 2002

Tissue factor (TF, tissue thromboplastin or coagulation factor III) accelerates the blood clotting, activating both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways to serve as a cofactor. In order to isolate TF inhibitors from the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis, an activity-guided purification utilizing a bio-assay method of prothrombin time prolongation, was carried out to yield five active flavoniods such as hovetrichoside C (1) ($IC_{50}$ = 14.0 $\mu$g), luteolin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide (3) ($IC_{50}$ = 31.9$\mu$g), hyperin (4) ($IC_{50}$ = 20.8 $\mu$g), avicularin (6) ($IC_{50}$ = 54.8 $\mu$g) and quercitrin (10) ($IC_{50}$ = 135.7 $\mu$g), along with other inactive compounds such as ($\pm$)-(2E,4E)-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-hydroxy-$\beta$-ionylideneacetic acid ester (2), genistein-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (5), luteolin-3'-methoxy-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (7), luteolin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide methyl ester (8), tricetin-3'-methoxy-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (selagin-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside) (9), (-)-epicatechin (11), luteolin-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (12) and apigenin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide methyl ester (13). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through spectral analysis. Among them, compounds 1 to 9, 12 and 13 were isolated for the first time from the fruits of this plant and the compound 9 is a new flavonoid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 1993

Some compounds including flavonoids were tested as scavenger of nitrite which is believed to participate in the formation of N-nitroso compound. Many were found to be potent scavengers and the most potent ones were ascorbic arid, potassium thiocyanate, chlorogenic acid, catechin, morin, luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, and naringenin. To evaluate the influence of the above compounds on the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compound, the amount of nitrosoproline (NPRO) was examined by co-incubation of nitrite, proline, and test compounds at various concentrations. The analysis of NPRO by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was newly developed. Most compounds except ascorbic acid and chlorogenic acid were found to be no effects or activatory effects on NPRO formation. From the results obtained, it was suggested that most flavonoids which are contained in our customary diets were not associated with the inhibition of NPRO formation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.3 s.150
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• pp.277-280
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• 2007

In our continuing effort to investigate compounds having anti-inflammatory activity from natural products, Ailanthus altissima was examined. Among six compounds isolated from Ailanthus altissima, Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (L7G) along with ethanol extract of Ailnathus altissima (EAa) were chosen to determine their inhibitory activity on secretory recombinant phospholipase $A_2s$ enzyme activity in vitro. As a results, EAa inhibited human recombinant $sPLA_2-V$ ($IC_{50}$ of about 100 ${\mu}g/ml$) and $cPLA_2$, ($IC_{50}$ of about 59 ${\mu}g/ml$), while L7G showed strong inhibitory effect on $sPLA_2-A$, V and $cPLA_2$ with an $IC_{50}$ value of approximately 40 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 1994

The ethylacetate extract of Lactuca dentata Makino showed 6 flavonoidal components as detected by ferric chloride solution. The flavonoidal constituent of Lactuca dentata Makino was isolated and purified by the series of column chromatography. The chemical structure of one of the flavonoidal component named as compound E was identified by UV, IR and NMR spectrometry. The melting point range of compound E was $249.5^{\circ}C-251^{\circ}C$. The UV and IR spectra of purified compound E, and its genin were measured with the various shifting agents. The results of UV analysis showed the free state of hydroxy group at 3rd and 4th carbon and binding of sugar at the 7th carbon of compound. The sugar bound to the compound E was identified as glucose by TLC. The IR spectrum showed the presense of hydroxy group, conjugated carbonyl group and aromatic group. The analysis of NMR spectrum was done to the purified compound and its derivatives. The chemical shifts against hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, and the moiety of luteolin were observed in the NMR spectrum along with their position and number as well as type of sugar bound. The isolated and purified compound was identified as $luteolin-7-0-{\beta}-D-glucoside$.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2005

Ethyl acetate-soluble neutral fraction of hot water extracts from the aerial parts of Angelica keiskei showed a 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity. Six antioxidative compounds were purified and isolated by various chromatographic procedures. Based on the analyses of FAB-MS and NMR, the isolated compounds were structurally elucidated as luteolin 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-O-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-${\alpha}$-D-arabinopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-${\alpha}$-D-arabinopyranoside (5), and luteolin 7-O-rutinoside (6). The glycosides of flavonols and luteolin showed DPPH radical-scavenging activity. One molecule of 2, 3, 4, 6, 1, and 5 scavenged 4.2, 4.2, 4.1, 2.5, 2.2, and 1.4 molecules of DPPH radical, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.263-268
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• 2013

The protective role against oxidative stress under cellular system using C6 glioma cells was studied using the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction, luteolin (1), and luteolin-7-glucoside (2) of Taraxacum coreanum. C6 glioma cells showed low cell viability and high generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the treatment with generator of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and amyloid beta ($A{\beta}_{25-35}$). However, the treatment of the EtOAc fraction attenuated the cellular oxidative stress, resulting in significant elevation of cell viability. In addition, the production of ROS formation was also decreased by the treatment of the EtOAc fraction. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the EtOAc fraction, and the protective effect was evaluated. Compounds 1 and 2 led to the increase of cell viability and decrease of production of ROS against oxidative stress by $H_2O_2$ and $A{\beta}_{25-35}$. The present study indicated that the EtOAc fraction, compounds 1 and 2 from T. coreanum demonstrated protective effects against oxidative stress, suggesting the preventive role against neurodegenerative diseases.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.315-319
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• 1998

Previously, the methanolic extract of Paeonia moutan seeds was found to potently inhibit soybean lipoxy-genase (SLO). Hence to isolate SLO inhibitor, the defattd methaniolic extract of the seeds was consecutively partitioned wiht ether, ethyl acetate,n-butanol ,adn water. The ether souble fraction showing strong inhibitory activity against SLO was further fractionated into a strongly acidic, a weakly acidic, and a neutral fractions. The strongly acidic components of the ether extract were successively subjected to chromatography on a silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Four phenolic compounds were isolated , and twio of them showing a strong SLO inhibition activity were identified as luteolin (IC50=2.32$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'- dimethoxylflavone (IC50=0.31$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) by UV, IR, 1H-& 13C-NMR, and MS spectroscopy. In addition, two flavonoids showed significantly antioxidative activity as strong as that of of $\alpha$-tocopherol (p<0.05) in the autoxidation system of linoleic acid. These results suggest that luteolin and 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxy-flavone may be used as a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents with antioxidative activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.302-306
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• 2008

To evaluated active principles for diabetic compolications from the Taraxacum mongolicum (T. mongolicum), Cirsium japonicum (C japonicum), and Cirsium setidens (C. setidens) and its constituents, as well as silymarin tested for their effect on rat lens aldose reductase. As a result, the MeOH extract of T. mongolicum ($IC_{50}\;8.71\;{\mu}g/mL$) have strong lens aldose reductase inhibition abilities. Also, Aldose reductase inhibitory showed an isolated luteolin ($IC_{50}\;20\;{\mu}M$) from the T. mongolicum and sliymarin ($IC_{50}\;13\;{\mu}M$).